Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Univ., 2004. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Linköping : Linköpings universitet, 2006. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Thesis (doctoral)--Lund University, 1997. / Added t.p. with thesis statement inserted.

Thesis (doctoral)--University of Uppsala, 1982. / Bibliography: p. 32-35.

Thesis (doctoral)--Lund University, 1997. / Added t.p. with thesis statement inserted.

Submitted by Marilene Donadel (marilene.donadel@unioeste.br) on 2018-07-09T20:40:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcelo_Painelli_2018.pdf: 2414706 bytes, checksum: c9335197cd99d8571e11aa4884deffa4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-09T20:40:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcelo_Painelli_2018.pdf: 2414706 bytes, checksum: c9335197cd99d8571e11aa4884deffa4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-19 / The proposed study explores the practices of islet appropriation in the territory of the National Park of Ilha Grande - PNIG. With the formation of the modern state, the structuring and the forms of use of the space are started to be developed and imposed by the urbanist technocrats, manifesting the verticalization in the use of power by the state / capital. However, no matter how much the state projects its valuative, imposed and planning forms on the demarcation of a geopolitical territory, the territory of the park, on the other hand, another form of appropriation of the space of the islands, constructed by a subject , often excluded, on the margins of social order, which in some way needs to reproduce his life within the capitalist mode of production. The islander appropriates the islands, the spaces designed to create a differential world, the world of the possible by the objectifications and combinations made in the place. Then, by appropriation, the islander creates another territory, a territory forged by the lived that collides with the legal territory of the park. However, the contradictions between the island's appropriation of the islands in the PNIG territory, besides showing how social organization takes place there, reveals the contradictions of the formulations of space by the State. However, however much the state forces the deterritorialization of social life in the islands by the imposition of a conceived space, the islander, by the arrangements he makes in the territory forged by appropriation, reterritorializes the space aiming at a way of life by the logic of the possible. / O estudo proposto explora as práticas de apropriação ilhéu no território do Parque Nacional de Ilha Grande – PNIG. Com a formação do Estado moderno, a estruturação e as formas de uso do espaço passam a serem gestados e impostas pelos tecnocratas urbanistas, manifestando a verticalização no uso do poder pelo Estado/capital. No entanto, por mais que Estado projete sobre as ilhas suas formas valorativas, impostas e planificadoras, na demarcação de um território geopolítico, o território do parque, surge, por outro lado, outra forma de apropriação do espaço das ilhas, construída por um sujeito, muitas vezes, excluído, à margem do ordenamento social, que precisa, de alguma forma, reproduzir sua vida dentro do modo de produção capitalista. O ilhéu se apropria das ilhas, dos espaços concebidos de modo a criar um mundo diferencial, o mundo do possível pelas objetivações e combinações feitas no local. Pela apropriação, o ilhéu cria um outro território, um território forjado pelo vivido que se choca com o território jurídico do parque. Todavia, as contradições entre apropriação ilhéu, das ilhas do território do PNIG, além de mostrar como se dá a organização social naquele local, revela as contradições das formulações do espaço pelo Estado. Contudo, por mais que Estado force a desterritorialização da vida social nas ilhas pela imposição de um espaço concebido, o ilhéu, pelos arranjos que faz no território forjado pela apropriação, reterritorializa o espaço objetivando uma forma de vida pela lógica do possível.

In 2011, Diabetes and prediabetes affected 9 million Canadians and 366 million people worldwide (Canadian Diabetes Website). The underlying pathophysiology of diabetes is beta cell dysfunction leading to loss of appropriate insulin secretion and resulting in hyperglycemia. I have focused on identifying critical molecular regulators of beta cell function and insulin secretion. The CRTC2-CREB pathway is required for maintaining beta cell mass and insulin secretion. I propose that identifying kinases that regulate CRTC-CREB activity will identify other important regulators of pancreatic beta cell survival and function. First, I have identified several AMP kinases as inhibitors of CRTC2-CREB that are activated by an upstream kinase, LKB1. I then went on to generate mice with a beta cell-specific deletion of LKB1 during adulthood. Loss of LKB1 increased insulin secretion and glucose clearance through enhanced beta cell mass and proliferation. The increased insulin secretion was largely the result of loss of AMPK activity and consequent constitutive mTor activity. AMPK is activated under starvation conditions and as such is thought to be a critical regulator of beta cell function. However, the decrease of AMPK activity in high glucose has been a strong argument against it being a critical effector of insulin secretion. I provide genetic evidence supporting the idea that AMPK activity attenuates insulin secretion. During periods of starvation where AMPK activity is high there is a chronic dampening effect on events that prepare beta cells for the next round of insulin secretion. Surprisingly, another downstream kinase of LKB1, SIK2, has opposing functions in the beta cell. I present evidence that the LKB1-AMPK axis attenuates beta cell functions and that targeting this pathway in beta cells may be of therapeutic benefit for T2D.

In both Type 1 diabetes (T1D) and Type 2 diabetes (T2D), inadequate beta-cell mass and beta-cell dysfunction lead to impaired insulin secretion, and ultimately worsen glycemic control. Green tea has drawn wide attention due to its possible health-promoting properties, including enhancement of beta-cell function. We assessed the acute and relative long-term effects of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on insulin secretion and synthesis from clonal beta-cells (INS1E cells), rat islets, and human islets, using 0.1, 1, or 5 µM. We determined if EGCG decreased blood glucose in healthy rats acutely, using 50 or 150 mg/kg body weight (BW), and after 12 days of supplementation in drinking water, using 0.1% and 0.5%. In the in vitro studies, EGCG significantly potentiated glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in rat islets (at 0.1, 1, and 5 µM) and human islets (at 1 µM), and elevated insulin content within INS1E cells (at 0.1, 1, and 5 µm) and human islets (at 1 µM), (P<0.05). Nutritional supplementation of EGCG (0.5% in drinking water) for 12 days in healthy rats significantly increased insulin synthesis, compared to that of controls, from 0.2 ± 0.02 to 1.4 ± 0.2 ng/mg protein, without alteration of insulin secretion in isolated islets (P<0.05). These findings demonstrate that EGCG may play a role in the regulation of pancreatic beta-cell function, thereby contributing to an anti-diabetic effect of this agent. / Master of Science

No / Recent analysis of the ceramic assemblage from the Neolithic loch islet settlement of Eilean Dòmhnuill, North Uist, in the Western Isles of Scotland has highlighted the intense conservatism of the potting traditions over a period of more than 800 years. Hebridean Neolithic pottery exhibits clear relationships with pottery from Argyll, Arran, and Bute, as well as Orkney and the north-east mainland of Scotland. It appears to have developed a distinctive, often decoratively elaborate regional form very soon after its initial appearance, which subsequently appears to have undergone little or no significant change until the introduction of Grooved Ware in the early 3rd millennium BC. An association exists between large assemblages of elaborately decorated Hebridean pottery and a number of artificial islets in freshwater lochs, some very small and producing little or no evidence for domestic activities. This might be explained by the importance of commensality in mediating relations between small communities in the Western Isles at such sites following the introduction of agriculture in the 2nd quarter of the 4th millennium BC. The conservatism and stasis evident at Eilean Dòmhnuill, in the face of environmental decline, raises wider issues around the adaptive capabilities of the first farming communities prior to significant social changes in the earlier 3rd millennium BC. / University of Bradford

Diss. (sammanfattning) Linköping : Univ., 2001. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.