Ce travail de recherche aborde les stratégies épistolaires et communicationnelles de Bettina von Arnim (1785-1859), femme de lettres allemande, pour prendre part aux débats politiques et sociaux pendant la période du Vormärz. Transgressant les frontières sociales, idéologiques, rhétoriques et celles des genres littéraires, Bettina von Arnim a tenté d'influer sur le roi de Prusse, Frédéric Guillaume IV, au moyen de ses correspondances, de ses ouvrages et de son réseau. Bettina von Arnim a élaboré des stratégies de communication et de persuasion pour secouer un système ministériel rigide et réactionnaire, obtenir des réformes politiques et sociales et modeler le souverain selon son idéal du Volkskönig. Cette étude va s'attacher à montrer les mécanismes employés par Bettina von Arnim pour s'immiscer dans un domaine exclusivement masculin, la politique.

As the cost of higher education continues to grow at astounding rates, research shows that, in most cases, students and their families face some level of debt to pay for their undergraduate degrees (Layman, 2011). This research study will use an engaged scholarship approach to address the reason some students repay their educational debt and some students’ intent to repay their debt is quite different from the desired behavior. Additionally, we review the factors that affect students from underprivileged socioeconomic backgrounds that are, unfortunately, the largest contributor of delinquent student loan debt. Specifically, this study will identify elements using qualitative measures that influence the student’s intent and behavior to act that will assist universities in policy development to change the perceived value and the academic sustainability of the student while understanding the student’s behavior related to socioeconomic barriers and self-sacrificing influences. Additionally, two theories are used as lenses to ground this study. The theory of reasoned action (Fishbein & Ajzen, 2010) is used as the focal theory, and place attachment theory (Scannell & Gifford, 2010) is used as an instrumental theory. The empirical results of this study offer factors that influence educational debt repayment and policy design.

Characterising the geochemistry and speciation of major contaminant radionuclides is crucial in order to understand their behaviour and migration in complex environmental systems. Organic complexing agents used in nuclear decontamination have been found to enhance migration of radionuclides at contaminated sites; however, the mechanisms of the interactions in complex environments are poorly understood. In this work, radionuclide speciation and sorption behaviour were investigated in order to identify interactions between four key radionuclides with different oxidation states (Cs(I) and Sr(II) as important fission products; Th(IV) and U(VI) as representative actinides), three anthropogenic organic complexing agents with different denticities (EDTA, NTA and picolinic acid as common co-contaminants), and natural sand (as simple environmental solid phase). A UV spectrophotometric and an IC method were developed to monitor the behaviour of EDTA, NTA and picolinic acid in the later experiments. The optimised methods were simple, applied widely-available instrumentation and achieved the necessary analytical figures of merit to allow a compound specific determination over variable background levels of DOC and in the presence of natural cations, anions and radionuclides. The effect of the ligands on the solubility of the radionuclides was studied using a natural sand matrix and pure silica for comparison of anions, cations and organic carbon. In the silica system, the presence of EDTA, NTA and, to a lesser extent, picolinic acid, showed a clear net effect of increasing Th and U solubility. Conversely, in the sand system, the sorption of Th and U was kinetically controlled and radionuclide complexation by the ligands enhanced the rate of sorption, by a mechanism identified as metal exchange with matrix metals. Experiments in which excess EDTA, NTA and picolinic acid (40 – 100 fold excess) were pre-equilibrated with Th and U prior to contact with the sand, to allow a greater degree of radionuclide complex formation, resulted in enhanced rates of sorption. This confirmed that the radionuclide complexes interacted with the sand surface more readily than uncomplexed Th or U. Overall this shows that Th and U mobility would be lowered in this natural sand by the presence of organic co-contaminants. In contrast, the complexation of Sr with the complexing agents was rapid and the effect of the ligands was observed as a net increase on Sr solubility (EDTA, picolinic acid) or sorption (NTA). As expected, Cs did not interact with the ligands, and showed rapid sorption kinetics. Finally, ESI-MS was used to study competitive interactions in the aqueous Th-Mn-ligand ternary system. Quantification presented a challenge, however, the careful approach taken to determine the signal correction allowed the competitive interactions between Mn and Th for EDTA to be studied semi-quantitatively. In an EDTA limited system, Th displaced Mn from the EDTA complex, even in the presence of a higher Mn concentration, which was consistent with the higher stability constant of the Th-EDTA complex.

<p>Poli(mlečna kiselina) (PLA) predstavlja jedan od najpopularnijih komercijalnih biorazgradivih polimera. Iako može da zameni neke od najče&scaron;će kori&scaron;ćenih sintetskih polimera, neka njegova svojstva (lo&scaron;a barijerna, termička i mehanička) jo&scaron; uvek predstavljaju prepreku u &scaron;iroj primeni, posebno za pakovanje hrane. Jedan od najsavremenijih načina prevazilaženja nedostataka u svojstvima biopolimera predstavljaju nanotehnologije.<br />U ovom radu ispitan je uticaj dodatka različitih koncentracija hidrofobnih nanočestica silicijum (IV) oksida (od 0.2 mas.% do 5 mas.%) pripremom uzoraka u rastvoru, i rastopu na toplotna, mehanička, i barijerna svojstva PLA. Morfolo&scaron;ke karakteristike uzoraka nanokompozita snimljene su pomoću skenirajuće elektronske mikroskopije (SEM). Ostvarena je izuzetno dobra disperzija i distribucija hidrofobnih čestica silicijum (IV) oksida koje su u malim udelima dodavane u poli(mlečnu kiselinu). Dobra disperzija i distribucija hidrofobnih čestica silicijum (IV) oksida ostvarena je kako pripremom nanokompozita metodom u rastvoru, tako i metodom u rastopu.<br />Toplotna svojstva PLA i pripremljenih nanokompozita proučavana su primenom diferencijalnog skenirajućeg kalorimetra (DSC), dok je stepen kristalnosti određen rasipanjem X zraka pod &scaron;irokim uglom(WAXD). Mehanička svojstva su ispitivana da bi se odredio uticaj dodatka nanočestica SiO2 na prekidnu čvrstoću i izduženje čistog PLA. Iako su prilikom pripreme materijala metodom u rastvoru, pobolj&scaron;anja mehaničkih i barijernih svojstava postignuta pri udelima silicijum (IV) oksida u rasponu od 0,2 do 5 mas.%, najznačajnija pobolj&scaron;anja postignuta su za najmanje udele nanočestica (0,2 mas.% i 0,5 mas.%). Pobolj&scaron;anja mehaničkih i barijernih svojstava nanokompozita, primenjenih metodom u rastopu, su registrovana i za udele silicijum (IV) oksida od 0,2 do 3 mas.%.<br />Takođe je ispitana mogućnost primene pripremljenog nanokompozita na osnovu poli(mlečne kiseline) i silicijum (IV) oksida za pakovanje prehrambenih proizvoda na primeru pakovanja svežeg svinjskog mesa (M. longissimus thoracis et lumborum). Ispitivanjem uticaja materijala za pakovanje svežeg mesa u vakuumu, na parametre tehnolo&scaron;kog (pH, boja), senzorskog, i mikrobiolo&scaron;kog kvaliteta mesa, utvrđeno je da su PLA kao i nanokompoziti na osnovu PLA sa različitim udelima silicijum (IV) oksida, pogodni za vakuum pakovanje i skladi&scaron;tenje svežeg svinjskog mesa.</p> / <p>Poly(lactic acid) presents one of the most popular bio-polymers for diverse applications. However, the use of PLA as food packaging material is limited due to poor barrier and mechanical properties. These properties could be improved by incorporation of nanoparticles into polymer matrix.<br />In this work neat PLA films and PLA films with different percentage of hydrophobic fumed silica nanoparticles (0,2 wt.% to 5 wt.%) were prepared by solution casting and melt blending methods. Several procedures were used to characterize the influence of different silica content on dispersion (SEM), crystalline behavior (WAXD), thermal stability (DSC, TGA), mechanical and barrier properties. It is shown that the applied techniques and selection of specific hydrophobic spherical nanofiller provide a good dispersion and distribution of silica nanoparticles in poly(lactic acid) for both film preparation methods.<br />Characteristics of films prepared by solution casting method showed improvements in mechanical and barrier properties for all loadings of nanofiller but the most significant improvements were achieved for lowest silica content (0,2 wt.% and 0,5 wt.%) The improvements in material characteristics (mechanical and barrier) for melt blending method were also achieved (for concentrations from 0,2 wt.% to 3 wt.%).<br />After film preparation, selected cuts of M. longissimus thoracis et lumborum were packed in prepred films of polymer nanocomposites, and the shelf-life characterisation was conducted on technological, sensory and microbiological paramethers of quality. After shelf-life characterisation it can be concluded that polymer nanocomposites based on PLA and silica nanoparticles could be used for packaging od fresh pork meat in vacuum.</p>

Asperger's syndrome (AS) is a pervasive developmental disorder that is associated with marked social dysfunction. Deficits in the perception of nonverbal cues of emotion may be related to this social impairment. Research has indicated that children with autism are limited in their emotion perception abilities, but studies that have addressed this issue with individuals with AS or high-functioning autism (HFA) have yielded inconsistent findings. These inconsistencies may be related to methodological differences across studies including diagnostic criteria and failure to consider the intensity of the emotion cues. It was hypothesized that children with AS and HFA would both have deficits in emotion perception compared to typically-developing children. However, children with HFA were expected to have an even greater emotion perception deficit than children with AS and this difference was hypothesized to be most pronounced for low intensity cues of emotion. It is important to clarify whether individuals with AS and HFA differ in emotion perception because most studies of this skill combine them into one group or use poorly defined diagnostic criteria. This study examined the ability of 30 8- to 15-year-old children with either AS or HFA to perceive emotion from high and low intensity cues. In order to address limitations with the differential validity of the DSM-IV criteria for AS, diagnoses were based on diagnostic criteria proposed by Klin et al. (in press). A researcher who was blind to diagnosis administered a test that presented low and high intensity cues of emotion in photographs of facial expression and audiotapes of tone of voice. Comparison of the emotion perception accuracy of children with AS to the normative means of this instrument for typically-developing children did not reveal any significant differences. In contrast, the children with HFA were significantly less accurate in their perception of facial expressions and tone of voice than the normative sample and the participants with AS. Contrary to expectations, IQ was significantly related to emotion perception accuracy. After controlling for IQ, the difference in perception of facial expressions between children with AS and HFA was not significant. On the other hand, cue intensity moderated the relation between diagnosis and emotion perception accuracy for tone of voice even after IQ was taken into account. Children with AS perceived high and low intensity tone of voice cues with similar accuracy, but children with HFA had significantly poorer performance on the low intensity tone of voice cues. Although emotion perception accuracy was related to better adjustment, it was not correlated with the most sensitive measure of current social functioning. This suggests that even when children with AS or HFA perceive cues correctly, they may not know how or be able to properly integrate them for adaptive responses in social interaction. The findings have important implications for understanding inconsistencies in past research and identifying future directions.

Univerzita Karlova v Praze 1. léka ská fakulta Studijní program: Specializace ve zdravotnictví Studijní obor: Adiktologie Bc. Ond ej Sklená Závislost na jehle u injek ních uživatel drog v R Needle Fixation among injecting drug users in Czech Republic Diplomová práce Vedoucí práce: PhDr. Josef Radimecký, Ph.D., MSc. Praha, 2014 Abstract of the thesis Background: The importance of injecting drug use and its frequency among Czech problem users of illegal drugs appears to be high. At the same time the risks associated with this method of application and the risk of transmission of infectious diseases and other health complications are described in numerous publications and it is a compelling reason why we should give more attention to the theme of needle fixation. Finally, complications during substitution therapy associated with the transition from injecting drugs to another method of substitution substances administration are also common. Author of the thesis therefore asked the question whether in relation to injecting drug use could play a role in creating a strong addiction and other facts besides therefore widely known arguments as the quickest and most effective method of administration of drugs to the human body thanks to the injection. The aim of this work is to get better understanding of "needle...

DSM-IV-TR classifies hypochondriasis as a complex somatoform disorder, characterised by physical complaints for which no organic cause could be identified. DSM-5 replaced it with two new diagnostic terms: somatic symptoms disorder and illness anxiety disorder. The distinction was based on the presence or absence of somatic symptoms, and concerns have been raised with regards to the validity of these new diagnostic concepts. While there has recently been an increase in recognising the role of the underlying anxiety in this condition, the psychological needs of individuals with hypochondriasis remain unclear. It is conceivable that specific emotional and interpersonal dimensions play a mediating role in the onset of hypochondriacal presentations, and have explanatory power with regards to the improvement of tailored therapeutic interventions. The present study used a mixed methodology, with an emphasis on the qualitative component, to investigate emotions and the interpersonal aspects of hypochondriasis. Six young adult females meeting the diagnostic criteria for both DSM-IV-TR hypochondriasis and DSM-5 illness anxiety disorder formed a clinical group for the present study. Semi-structured interviews were administered and analysed in line with the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Four major themes emerged from the qualitative data: 1) Early life experience; 2) Inward focus; 3) Learned helplessness; and 4) Experience of psychological therapy. Eight subordinate themes were identified: (i) Unmet emotional needs; (ii) Emotional isolation; (iii) There is something wrong with me; (iv) Emotional reasoning; (v) Self-fulfilling prophecy; (vi) External locus of control; (vii) Over-reliance on other people; and (viii) The experience of psychological therapy. Fifty-one female undergraduate psychology students formed a matched comparison group for the study and enabled a supplementary quantitative analysis to be conducted. The quantitative measures included measures of trait (TEIQue-SF) and ability emotional intelligence (MSCEIT) as well as a measure of sociotropy-autonomy (SAS). The quantitative data showed that the clinical group scored significantly lower than the comparison group on the measures of trait emotional intelligence, understanding emotions, and autonomy. Additionally, the clinical group scored significantly higher than the comparison group on the measure of sociotropy. The theoretical and therapeutic recommendations are discussed in light of the limitations of the present study. In conclusion, emotional and interpersonal aspects of DSM-IV-TR Hypochondriasis and DSM-5 illness anxiety disorder in young women provide a useful framework for the conceptualisation and therapeutic management of these conditions. It appears that with its scientific knowledge base, therapeutic flexibility, focus on reflective practice, and the emphasis on an effective working relationship, the discipline of counselling psychology is well-suited to address the needs of participants with hypochondriacal presentations.

O pré-condicionamento isquêmico (PCI) é um importante mecanismo de proteção celular, capaz de favorecer a diminuição da necrose dos cardiomiócitos durante isquemia aguda. Fármacos hipoglicemiantes orais, tais como glibenclamida e repaglinida, podem provocar a perda dessa proteção por sua propriedade bloqueadora de canais de potássio dependentes de adenosina trifosfato (K-ATP). Já a vildagliptina, pertencente à classe dos inibidores da enzima dipeptidil peptidase 4 (DPP-4), exerce seus efeitos sobre a glicemia principalmente via hormônio peptídeo-1 tipo glucagon (GLP-1). Receptores de GLP-1 estão presentes no miocárdio e seu papel nesse tecido é alvo de investigadores. Este estudo avaliou o efeito da vildagliptina sobre o pré-condicionamento isquêmico em portadores de diabetes mellitus 2 (DM2) e doença coronariana multiarterial estável (DAC). Foram admitidos 54 pacientes diabéticos com doença multiarterial coronariana estável, documentada pela angiografia e com teste ergométrico positivo para isquemia. Na fase 1, betabloqueadores e fármacos hipoglicemiantes orais foram suspensos por 7 dias, e todos paciente foram submetidos a 2 testes ergométricos (TE) seguenciais, com intervalo de descanso de 30 minutos entre eles (TE1 e TE2). Para a fase 2, os pacientes receberam vildagliptina 100mg/dia por 7 dias consecutivos e foram submetidos a mais 2 TE seguenciais (TE3 e TE4). Na fase 1, todos os pacientes desenvolveram isquemia esforço induzida (depressão de ST>=1 mm) no TE1. O tempo para alcançar 1,0mm de depressão do segmento ST (T-1,0mm) em TE2 foi maior que em TE1, caracterizando a presença do PCI em todos os pacientes. Na fase 2, todos desenvolveram isquemia em TE3, e 76% apresentaram isquemia mais tardia em TE4, isto é, aumentaram a tolerância miocárdica em TE4 em comparação a TE3, caracterizando PCI preservado (p<0,001). Somente 24% dos pacientes revelaram bloqueio do PCI (p=0,006). A vildagliptina preservou o pré-condicionamento isquêmico em pacientes com DM2 e DAC. / Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) refers to the phenomenon in which short periods of myocardial ischemia and reperfusion promote resistance to a subsequent prolonged ischemic insult. Some hypoglycemic drugs, such as glibenclamide and repaglinide, are able to inhibit this protective phenomenon probably by its effects as blockers of adenosine triphosphate-dependent potassium (K-ATP) channels. Moreover, vildagliptin, belonging to the class of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 enzyme (DPP-4) inhibitor, performs its action by incretin system, mainly by hormone glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). GLP-1 receptors are present in various body tissues, including myocardium. Multiple actions of GLP-1 and structurally related GLP-1 agonists have been reported in heart. We aimed to evaluate the effect of vildagliptin on IPC in patients with type 2 diabetes and symptomatic coronary artery disease. We evaluated 54 patients with DM2 and a positive exercise test that also had with multivessel coronary disease confirmed by coronary angiography. In phase I, without drug, all patients underwent 2 consecutive treadmill exercise tests (ET1 and ET2). After that, all patients received vildagliptin 100 mg per day for one week and underwent more 2 more sequential tests (ET3 and ET4). The time interval between the exercises tests was 30 minutes. In phase 1, all patients demonstrated IPC that was observed by the improvement in time to 1mm of ST segment depression (T-1.0mm) in ET2 compared with T1 In phase 2, with vildagliptin, all patients (54) developed ischemia in ET3, however, 76 % (41) of patients showed experienced later ischemia in ET4 compared with ET3 (p<0.001), characterizing IPC preserved. Only 24% (13) patients demonstrated T-1.0mm earlier in ET4 compared with ET3, indicating the cessation of IPC (p=0.006). Vildagliptin did not affect this protective mechanism in a relevant way in patients with type 2 diabetes and symptomatic coronary artery disease.

Submitted by admin tede (tede@pucgoias.edu.br) on 2017-06-29T13:25:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PRISCILLA BORGES DE FREITAS RODRIGUES.pdf: 3855875 bytes, checksum: 11d800e90a7d8e85c9925dfdaa032c34 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-29T13:25:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PRISCILLA BORGES DE FREITAS RODRIGUES.pdf: 3855875 bytes, checksum: 11d800e90a7d8e85c9925dfdaa032c34 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-23 / This research had as main point to use the Building Information Modeling (BIM), as an integrated form with the logic of the Last Planner system in relation to the planning and control of the production in companies of the civil construction sector and, with that, a model that promotes this integration in order to improve efficiency in medium and short term planning, where the construction of the integration model involves the development of a plug-in for Revit®, capable of making the information available in a database also fed by other software, here titled “L7”, through which it becomes possible to insert the analytic structure of a work and other information about the consumption of the inputs and, thus, make it possible to establish the relation between each geometric element and their needs for manpower and material, making explicit the restrictions when training the Lookahead through visual management. The methodological approach adopted was Design Science Research, whose main objective is to develop an artifact capable of solving a real and relevant problem and, thus, to promote the advance of the theoretical knowledge about the subject and to contribute to the operation within the companies. The evaluation of the constructed model was made through an empirical study in a work into a mall of a construction company in Goiás, followed by two services in the formation of the Lookahead of the month of January and the work week plan of the four weeks. It was possible, through visual color management, to check tasks that had material and/or labor constraints, facilitating the formatting of medium-term planning and improving the efficiency of short-term planning. / Esta pesquisa envolveu-se com a utilização da modelagem da informação da construção (BIM) de maneira integrada à lógica do Last Planner no planejamento e controle da produção em empreendimentos do setor da construção civil. Para isso, a investigação teve como objetivo principal construir um modelo BIM integrador, de forma a atuar na melhoria do planejamento de médio e curto prazo. A construção do modelo de integração passou pelo desenvolvimento de um plug-in para o software Revit®, capaz de disponibilizar informações em um banco de dados alimentado por outro software de planejamento. O modelo BIM estruturado tornou possível estabelecer a relação entre cada elemento geométrico do projeto arquitetônico e suas necessidades de materiais, mão-deobra e especificações de projeto. A abordagem metodológica adotada na pesquisa foi a Design Science Research. A avaliação do modelo construído foi feita em um estudo empírico em obra de grande porte do setor de edificações. Foi possível, através da gestão visual, verificar as tarefas que possuíam restrições em relação a materiais, mão-de-obra e detalhamento de projeto, facilitando a elaboração do planejamento de médio prazo e melhorando a eficiência do planejamento de curto prazo.

Essa pesquisa elege a pintura \"Fundação de São Vicente\", de Benedito Calixto, como objeto de estudo. Incorporada ao acervo do Museu Paulista após ser inaugurada nas comemorações do IV Centenário do Descobrimento do Brasil em São Vicente, a obra representa o encontro entre portugueses e indígenas para a fundação da capitania de São Vicente, em 1532. Elaborada em grande formato, essa pintura histórica musealizada se alinha ao processo de construção imaginária no início do regime republicano e estimula uma visão tributária de projetos intelectuais que, por sua vez, disputam simbolicamente a memória sobre o passado colonial. Tendo em perspectiva a centralidade dos museus de História e da pintura histórica nas representações coletivas, essa dissertação se dedica a reconstituir seu circuito social a partir da análise de suas condições de encomenda, de elaboração, musealização, exposição e apropriação entre 1900, quando foi inaugurada, a 1932, quando se comemorou o quadricentenário da fundação de São Vicente. / This research elects \"Fundação de São Vicente\", concluded by Benedito Calixto, as its study goal. The painting was add into the Museu Paulista\"s collection after being inaugurated at the commemorations of the fourth centennial of the discovery of Brazil, representing the contact between portugueses and indigenous aiming the foundation of São Vicente colonial settlement in 1532. Elaborated in large dimensions, this history painting is part of the republican political imagination construction policy and stimulates the vision over a specific intellectual project that disputes social memory on the colonial brazilian past. Observing the centrality of museums and history painting to the consolidation of collective representations, the research aims to reconstitutes its social circuit on analysing its ordering, composition, musealization, exhibition and appropriation conditions from its inauguration in 1900 to the commemoration of fourth centennial of the foundation of São Vicente in 1932.