Usage of smart phones has become more common nowadays. Timelog system is a user friendly and web based application which systemizes the business of a company with the focus on time tracking. Following the Timelog system from small screen of smart phones is not user-friendly because the Timelog application and its features have not been designed to be accessed from these devices. The solution is creating a smart phone client for the Timelog system which can connect to the database of the system. An appropriate approach is to design a Web Service as an intermediate layer to communicate between the client side and the database.The result is a smart phone client that can be used by users of Timelog system to manage their business when they use their mobiles instead of personal computers. The Web Service can also be used for other smart phone platforms. As a result it can be considered as a generic protocol for the mobile-user of Timelog system.

The objective of this study was to examine three common mobile phoneplatforms in relation to their network traffic features. The platforms to beexamined are Android, iOS 5 and Windows Phone. After the investigation wascompleted a prototype application was implemented in order to demonstratethese features in the most suitable platform. The application will function as atelephone call exchanger. In addition, the application must also send the userstatistic to a Web server, accept contacts from a Web server, as well as having aspecial administration part in which the userstatistc can be presented. In thestudy the current mobile platforms and their respective APIs have beenexamined and compared and the facts compiled. These techniques were thenapplied to create a prototype application based on the mobile platform Android.Android was chosen because it is the mobile platform that supports the majorityof the required functions. The tools that were used are Eclipse IDE, AndroidSDK, a Jersey RESTful Services, MySQL database and a SQLite database. Theapplication was tested by means of measurements on the application'scommunication features. An expert test was also conducted in order to evaluatethe application as to whether or not it met its goals. The investigation has shownthat Android is the mobile platform that supports the majority of the requirednetwork traffic features. The measurements on the application have shown thatthe speed of execution of a communication function mainly depend on thenetwork connection. The expert test has shown that the application does meetsthe set requirements and, in addition, comments are added in relation to thoseparts for which improvements can be made. / Målet med denna undersökning har varit att undersöka tre vanliga mobiltelefonplattformar avseende deras nätverkstrafikfunktioner. Plattformarna somundersöks är Android, iOS 5 och Windows Phone. Efter avslutad undersökningimplementerades en prototypapplikation för att demonstrera dessa funktioner påden plattform som anses bäst lämpad. Applikationen ska fungera som entelefonväxel och utöver det ska applikationen även skicka användarstatistik tillen webbserver, ta emot kontakter från en webbserver, samt husera en specielladministreringsdel där användarstatistiken ska presenteras. I undersökningenhar de aktuella mobiltelefonplattformarna och deras respektive API:er granskatsoch jämförts. Därefter har dessa tekniker tillämpats för att skapa enprototypapplikation som bygger på mobilplattformen Android. Valet föll påAndroid eftersom det är den mobilplattform som har stöd för flest av deefterfrågade funktionerna. Verktygen Eclipse IDE, Android SDK, en JerseyRESTful Service, MySQL-databas och en SQLite-databas har använts.Applikationen har testats med hjälp av mätningar på applikationenskommunikationsfunktioner. Ett experttest har genomförts för att utvärderahuruvida applikationen uppfyllde kraven som ställts eller ej. Undersökningenhar visat att Android är den mobilplattform som har stöd för flest av deefterfrågade nätverkstrafikfunktionerna. Mätningarna på applikationen har visatatt det till största delen beror på nätverksuppkoppling hur snabbt enkommunikationsfunktion exekveras. Expertestet har visat att applikationenuppfyller kraven som ställts på den, med kommentarer på några delar därförbättringar kan göras.

The residents of Union City, NJ— a 1.2 square mile metropolis across the Hudson from Manhattan—are fond of taking to the task of adorning their city streets on their own. In the business sector of the city (that is to say, most of it) the business owners garnish their windows with red, white, and blue, and more often than not their decoration is accompanied by the uncomfortably warm smile of a middle-aged bespectacled Irish man. The man, so comically out of place in the majority Spanish-speaking, 82.3% Latino city, is referred to interchangeably as Mayor and State Senator Brian P. Stack. On the city’s border is official proof of his status on the “Welcome to Union City” sign, mirrored by its North Bergen, NJ counterpart and the name Nicholas Sacco: mayor, state senator, assistant superintendent of North Bergen schools, and principal of Horace Mann Elementary. For decades, New Jersey politicians have viewed multiple office holding as an integral part of the urban power structure. To rise up in the totem pole, one must collect public office jobs until rising to one high enough to stand on its own. While not particularly common in the less populated areas of the state, urban centers like the aforementioned Hudson County, Newark, and Camden have a tradition of sending their leaders off to Trenton without making them relinquish their jobs at home. And yet it was these very state legislators that passed a ban on the practice into law in February 2008. Supported by senator-turned-governor Jon Corzine, the ban passed with the support of political leaders like Stack and Sacco. On paper and in the pages of the New York Times it read like a rare and barely believable victory for political morality in what longtime NJ political journalists Bob Ingle and Sandy McClure call “The Soprano State”. If it sounded barely believable, it is probably because in practice it was not. A grandfather clause in the law keeps those currently in two positions of power safe from the wrath of the law. And since elections were held in between the passing of the law and the enacting of it, there are actually more dual office holders in the Legislature today than there were when the law was passed according to state newspaper the Star Ledger. This study intends answer several questions regarding the phenomenon of multiple office holding and its sudden “extinction” in New Jersey. I hypothesize that the introduction of such a law was merely cashing in on a long-standing bit of political credit that, due to the highly salient role of the practice in building machines, could not be touched. As the number of political bosses engaging in this practice diminished, and as the need to hold various offices lessened because of an increase in income and power from other sources, dual office holding became an obsolete relic of the 1990s political machine structures. Thus it became feasible to ban the practice with a grandfather clause for those that had established themselves through this old system, with much credit in the field of ethics to be gained by all involved—every dual office holder, legislator, and the governor himself. On a micro level, it aspires to investigate why early 2008 was an opportune time for such a law and where this grandfather clause arouse from and why. Although the tradition has existed previously in less populated areas of New Jersey, especially in the 1940s, at some point (peaking in the 1990s) dual office holding became an essential component in the structure of an urban political machine. On a macro level, this study seeks to explain the place of such a practice in the creation and maintenance of the traditional urban political machine, a structure with a lush history in New Jersey that is still alive and kicking today. It attempts to begin a dialogue with existing literature on urban politics centered around the practice of dual office holding. To do this, the study needs to paint as vivid a portrait as possible of the modern urban political machine, its bosses, and every gear that moves its structure. For this it will heavily rely on literature describing the initial development of political machines of Tammany Hall and similar structures around the country, paying especial attention to the impact of immigration, given that preliminary research is showing a pronounced impact on the system from the wave of Latino immigrants beginning with the rise of the Cuban Revolution in 1958. This new wave of immigrants appears to have jump-started the machines and replenished them with an entire new wave of fodder ready to be introduced to the patronage system post-naturalization (a matter of five years’ time). Of particular note in this body of urban political research is Steven Erie’s Rainbow’s End, which I have discovered to be the definitive work in the field of immigration and its impact on urban political machines. Working with this broad field of urban politics in mind, I also intend on illustrating in detail the specific political machine structures of the three largest urban communities in New Jersey: Newark, Camden, and the general Hudson County area (as the cities of Hudson County tend to be about 1-2 square miles in area excepting Jersey City, there is little that distinguishes one from another culturally and politically). In order to do this, I must work with data specific to the state, beginning with a database of multiple office holders over time. I have constructed this database over the course of several decades and am currently developing it in the 1930s using biographical sketches in the New Jersey Legislative Manuals published yearly in the New Jersey State Archives of Trenton. Unfortunately, this means that my research is limited to multiple office holders who have one job in the state legislature, but as all signs point to most dual office holders preferring to have a state and local job rather than two of either, I do not believe this will seriously hinder my research. Supplementary research will also come from personal stories, which I plan on gathering from interviews with those deeply involved in urban politics. The study will include interviews with multiple office holders from these regions themselves, as well as those close to them—journalists, chiefs of staff, and those receiving patronage and practicing loyalty to the leaders. The goal of this study is to shed some light on the dark, backroom world of urban politics through the lens of this one common practice among the machine leaders. This one practice, currently a topic of much controversy due to this recent law, could very well be the key to understanding the development of machines, their power over citizens and their ability to maintain themselves over such extended periods of time.

Pleistocene New Jersey shelf sedimentology is strongly influenced by glacially driven sea level changes. A combination of regressive shoreline processes, subaerial exposure, fluvial downcutting, and deposition and reworking during transgression has influenced the NJ shelf sediment composition. Sediment provenance and transport history may be determined on a shelf environment through analysis of grain size distribution, heavy mineral content, magnetic mineral concentrations, and isotopic dating methods. A combination of surface grab and stratigraphic samples were analyzed within the study area. Relatively high percentages of heavy minerals were found in the 2 phi and 3 phi size fractions and hornblende grains provided K-Ar age values indicating two groups of sediment sources. The first source is Grenville with apparent ages above 900 Ma deposited during marine OIS 1. The second source is a mixed assemblage of Grenvillian and Paleozoic sources deposited during marine OIS 3, with apparent ages of approximately 850 ± 20 Ma.

This study investigates the complex issues surrounding the preservation of historic, single-lane, metal truss bridges. Essentially functionally obsolete, these structures are targeted for replacement due to current government transportation policies, funding requirements, and safety concerns. After these issues are discussed, a series of case studies from Hunterdon County, New Jersey, will highlight multiple bridge rehabilitation projects in which designs and plans were modified to suit the unique situations and conditions of each of these structures, without compromising historic integrity and improving safety. These bridges have important cultural value, and although in some cases the original structure may be lost or wholly reconstructed, the historic character of the bridge and area is retained. This thesis illuminates the difficulties that need to be overcome in attempting to successfully preserve historic, single-lane bridges and their rural context (while maintaining transportation functionality), and illustrates the important role of community involvement in the preservation process. / Department of Architecture

The production of Jersey Royal potatoes is an important industry for the island of Jersey. The crop is grown annually, and sometimes biannually, so there is no opportunity to practise crop rotation in order to control potato cyst nematodes (PCN), Globodera pallida and G. rostochiensis. Control of these pests in Jersey has traditionally relied on the use of nematicides, but with increased public pressure to reduce the use of pesticides and the intention of the Government of Jersey to eventually ban them, there is a desire for an alternative methods of control to be developed. Three nematophagous fungi, Plectosphaerella cucumerina, Paecilomyces lilacinus and Verticillium chZamydosporium, were isolated from PCN cysts taken from potato fields in Jersey. The efficacy of these fungi for the control of PCN was studied to determine their suitability for use in an integrated pest management programme. The radial growth rates of the nematophagolls fungi were reduced when grown on media amended with the fungicides Gambit and Rizolex, commonly used for the control of Rhizoctonia solani, another major pathogen of potatoes. Radial growth of V. chlamydosporium was also inhibited by Monceren and the nematicide Vydate. Growth of R. solani was inhibited by P. lilacinus at 20°C and 10°C in vitro and by V. chlamydosporium at 20°C, but the strain of V. chlamydosporiurn used did not grow at 10°c. Plectosphaerella cucumerina was a poor saprophytic competitor when grown against R. solani, P. lilacinus and V. chlamydosporium, therefore it may not be a suitable soil applied agent as it is out grown by other fungi in the soil. Paecilomyces lilacinus in a pelleted support matrix made from an alginate, gave better control of R. solani than non-formulated P. lilacinus alone. Of the different formulations of nematophagous fungi tested in pots, P. lilacinus incorporated into alginate pellets reduced the numbers of peN by the most (79.5%) and when applied in a field trial, reduced PCN population increase by approximately 60%. Plectosphaerella cucumerina, when incorporated into alginate pellets, also reduced field population increase by approximately 60%. A combination of these two formulated fungi tested in a plunge trial gave a poorer level of control than the fungi added individually. The fungi remained viable in alginate pellets for at least 18 months. The population composition of PCN in Jersey was previously unknown. Using an ELISA technique, this study has shown both PCN species are present, but the proportions were not determined. To ascertain whether the early lifting of Jersey potatoes was selectively reducing levels of one of the species of PCN, DNA was extracted from nematodes stained in situ in the roots of potatoes. The results were inconclusive and further work is required.

Thesis (Ed.D.)--Teachers College, Columbia University. / Typescript. Sponsor: Ernest Harris. Dissertation Committee: Gladys Tipton, Margaret Lindsey. Type A project. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 206-211).

Thesis (Ed.D.)--Teachers College, Columbia University, 1965. / Typescript; issued also on microfilm. Sponsor: Leland Jacobs. Dissertation Committee: Edwin Ziegfeld. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.). / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 375-393).

O experimento foi realizado em Itapiranga/SC, de 14 de maio a 17 de junho de 2007. Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito do aumento do aporte de nutrientes sobre a estabilidade do leite na prova do álcool e as propriedades físico-químicas do leite além do perfil bioquímico sanguíneo. Dezesseis vacas da raça Jersey em lactação foram divididas aleatoriamente em dois grupos homogêneos, com oito animais em cada grupo de forma a padronizar a condição corporal, peso, estádio e ordem de lactação e produção de leite. Os animais do grupo controle continuaram recebendo a dieta a base de silagem de sorgo, pastagem de capim elefante pioneiro (Pennisetum purpureum) e concentrado comercial, enquanto o outro grupo recebeu dieta, usando os mesmos ingredientes, mas formulada para atender a 100% das necessidades nutricionais (NRC, 2001). Os animais foram avaliados quanto ao peso e condição corporal no início, meio e final do ensaio. A produção de leite, estabilidade ao álcool, acidez titulável foram avaliados duas vezes por semana durante o experimento. A densidade, índice crioscópico, composição química do leite, pH, fervura, redutase, contagem bacteriana total (CBT) e contagem de células somáticas (CCS) foram avaliados no início, meio e final do experimento, enquanto a análise sanguínea dos animais foi realizada no início e no final do experimento. O ajuste da dieta aumentou a estabilidade do leite na prova do álcool, porém não modificou a produção de leite nem suas características físico-químicas e microbiológicas. / The trial was performed in Itapiranga / SC, from May 14to June 17, 2007. The objective was to evaluate the effect of increased nutrient supplyon the stability of milk at alcohol test and the physicochemical properties of milk, as well blood profile. Sixteen lactating Jersey cows were used , randomly distributed into two homogenous groups, with eight animals in each group in order to standardize the body condition, weight, stage of lactation, number of offspring, milk production. Control group received the same diet they had been fed with sorghum silage, elefant grass pasture (Pennisetum purpureum), and commercial concentrate, while the other group received diet with the same feeds but formulated to meet the 100% of nutritional requirements (NRC, 2001). The animals were assessed for weight, stage and number of lactation, and body condition at the beginning, middle and end of the trial. Milk yield, stability at the alcohol test, titrable acidity were evaluated twice a week,density, crioscopyc index, milk chemical composition , pH, boiling, reductase, somatic cell count (SCC), total bacterial count (CBT), urea were evaluated at the beginning, middle and end of the experiment while animal’s blood were evaluated at the beginning and end of the experiment. Diet adequacy increased milk stability at the alcohol test, but did not change milk yield, nor physical-chemical and microbiological properties of milk.