Abstract Management is a field that started getting attention in the beginning of the 20 th century by Frederick Taylor. His publication is called the Principles of Scientific Management and is based on the principles of using scientific methods to find the best way of conducting each operation within a production facility. Many of Taylor’s principles may appear obsolete today but the matter of an effective material flow is still highly current. Efficiency is the relationship between the input into an operation and its result. A substantial part of the material flow is storage and the costs tied to it. An area about the importance of eliminating storage is JIT or just in time. The main principle of JIT is that a product shouldn’t be produced until a customer expresses its demand for it. Inventory Management is an area within JIT and contains different principles regarding how to avoid storage. Production Management is another area with a set of principles on how to plan an efficient layout of the production. There are many benefits that can be achieved with an efficient production flow and also many disadvantages if the flow is inefficient. It is therefore important to identify the weak spots in the production line and improving them. Our research question: How can the principles of JIT within the areas Inventory Management and Production Management be used to make the material flow more efficient? By conducting a case study at a company in the plastic recycling business, we have come to a conclusion. They need to reduce the amount of material in the warehouse by either buying less material or by increasing the capacity of the cutting operation. The can also make the cutting operation automatic in order to decrease to amount of time that is required for the cutting. They can also eliminate the need for storing half complete material by purchasing a more efficient granulation machine. The last thing to improve is to move the warehouse for final storage closer to the loading area in order to decrease the amount of time needed for that particular operation.

Most modern applications deal with very large amounts of data. Having to deal with such huge amounts of data is in itself a challenge. This challenge is complicated even more by the fact that, in many cases, this data is constantly changing and evolving. For instance, relational databases that handle the data of day-to-day transactional applications often have tables with very high data change rates. It is not uncommon to even have temporary or volatile tables that get created from scratch and completely dropped over the course of one query workload. This dissertation focuses on optimizing structured queries over dynamic and constantly changing data sets. Our work address this issue, and some of the challenges related to it. We address the issue of database statistics becoming stale and inaccurate due to constantly changing data. We introduce ways to automatically analyze the existing statistics and recommend and collect the necessary statistics to optimize a single query or a query workload. We introduce a mechanism to automate the recommendation and collection of statistical views for a given query workload. We also compare two methods of using these statistical views in selectivity estimation. We evaluate our methods and techniques with experimental studies using prototypes that we built into commercial database systems.

Adaptive Just-in-Time compilers employ multiple techniques to concentrate compilation efforts in the most promising spots of the application, balancing tight compilation budgets with an appropriate level of code quality. Some compiler researchers propose that Just-in-Time compilers should benefit from method-specific compilation strategies. These strategies can be discovered through machine-learning techniques, where a compilation strategy is tailored to a method based on the method's characteristics. This thesis investigates the use of Support Vector Machines in Testarossa, a commercial Just-in-Time compiler employed in the IBM J9 Java Virtual Machine. This new infrastructure allows Testarossa to explore numerous compilation strategies, generating the data needed for training such models. The infrastructure also integrates Testarossa to learned models that predict which compilation strategy balances code quality and compilation effort, on a per-method basis. The thesis also presents the results of an extensive experimental evaluation of the infrastructure and compares these results with the performance of the original Testarossa.

Thesis (M.S.)--Ohio University, November, 2001. / Title from PDF t.p.

Thesis (M.B.A.)--Carleton University, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 162-168). Also available in electronic format on the Internet.

Thesis (M. Eng.)--Carleton University, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 68-75). Also available in electronic format on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 1998. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 198-208). Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 1998. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 198-208). Also available on the Internet.

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. / Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-17T20:44:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2013-07-16T18:04:12Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 170913.pdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / O presente trabalho estabelece uma proposta de metodologia para a implantação de um sistema kanban de abastecimento, apropriada principalmente às características de pequenas e médias empresas. A metodologia apresentada foi baseada na experiência prática adquirida pelo autor na implantação da área de logística em várias empresas. A metodologia é apresentada em forma de projeto e apóia-se em três pontos principais: os dois primeiros consistem no patrocínio da alta direção e a necessidade de um coordenador geral. O terceiro ponto de apoio é dado pela visível redução dos estoques obtida em curto prazo através do programa. A metodologia foi integralmente implantada em duas empresas, uma do ramo alimentício e outra do ramo metalúrgico. Os resultados obtidos comprovam a validade da metodologia proposta. A análise crítica da bibliografia disponível apresenta os assuntos que devem se abordados na parte de treinamento solicitada pela metodologia, também não foi encontrada nenhuma metodologia prática similar de implementação de um sistema kanban de abastecimento. Isto nos permite acreditar que esta proposta metodológica traz uma nova contribuição ao tema em evidência.

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnologico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Mecânica / Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-23T17:55:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 259872.pdf: 3577324 bytes, checksum: 9da0e8e1e23889bfbf44b84941099b1b (MD5) / A Toyota - a maior montadora de automóveis do mundo - desenvolveu métodos associados ao planejamento e controle da produção, PCP, que viabilizaram o aprimoramento da cadeia produtiva automobilística, aumentando a competitividade das empresas integrantes por meio da produção de bens diversificados consumindo menos recursos em menos tempo. De fato, estudos indicam que tais métodos, baseados no conceito de Produção Nivelada, reduzem os efeitos danosos da amplificação da demanda (Efeito Forrester), causada, em parte, pela gestão independente dos elos de uma cadeia de produção. Por essa razão, a Produção Nivelada reduz os estoques em toda a cadeia de suprimentos, aumentando o nível de serviço aos clientes. Entretanto, baseado em pesquisas recentes, constatou-se que as publicações referentes à aplicação da Produção Nivelada em outros segmentos de manufatura se apresentam de forma incipiente. Tais pesquisas são focalizadas em casos particulares de sequenciamento de modelos variados em linhas de montagem, caracterizadas por lotes de produção reduzidos. Partindo dessas considerações, esta dissertação apresenta um método de aplicação da Produção Nivelada em sistemas de manufatura repetitiva caracterizados por operações de fabricação em lotes, incluindo a estrutura com as etapas necessárias para o planejamento, cálculo e implantação. O foco é orientar tanto acadêmicos quanto empresas dos diversos segmentos de manufatura discreta e repetitiva, que representam uma parcela relevante do setor industrial. O método proposto parte de conceitos existentes na literatura, tais como a priorização dos produtos, o plano nivelado de produção, incremento Pitch e o cálculo do Kanban. Finalmente, no estudo de caso, foram constatadas deficiências nas práticas de PCP da empresa pesquisada, na qual práticas associadas à Manufatura Enxuta estão em contínuo processo de aplicação ao longo dos últimos anos. Logo, justificou-se a aplicação do método proposto, cujos resultados foram apresentados por meio de duas abordagens: os indicadores de desempenho de Custos (estoques), Rapidez (lead time), Flexibilidade de composto/mix (número de Set up por mês) e Confiabilidade (nível de serviço) foram analisados por meio de gráficos e da variação nas médias, antes e depois do método. Em seguida, comparou-se o método aos princípios enxutos previamente estabelecidos. Os resultados corroboram o aumento do desempenho, bem como a introdução das práticas de gestão visual da Manufatura Enxuta. Toyota, the biggest world wide automaker, has developed methods for Production Planning and Control, PPC, that have made feasible to improve the automakers´ production chain, increasing the competitiveness among those companies by producing mixed models with less resources and less time spending. Indeed, previous research have found that those methods, grounded on Leveling Production concept, decrease Demand Amplification effects (Bullwhip Effect), which is caused, in some ways, by an independent management concept of a production chain. For this reason, Leveling Production decreases inventory throughout the whole supply chain, resulting in an increased customer´s service level. However, based on recent research, Leveling Production has been applied outside automakers´ production chains in a very incipient way. Moreover, existing research are focused on particular applications for mixed-models assembling lines sequencing, featuring very small production batch size. Regarding those exposed assumptions, this research presents a new method for developing Leveling Production that can be applied in repetitive manufacturing systems with batch production. Furthermore, it includes a framework for planning, designing and implementing of the proposed method. The main focus is helping both researchers and practitioners in a wide range of discrete repetitive manufacturing systems that represent relevant share of industrial sector. The proposed method includes products´ prioritization, leveled production plan, Pitch increment and Kanban calculation. Finally, a case study has been done, and evidences have been found that the studied company has had deficient practices related to Production Planning and Control, on which Lean Manufacturing practices have been implemented over the past years. Hence, the new method has been applied in such company and results were listed based on two approaches: First of all, performance indicators of Costs (inventory), Speed (lead time), Mix flexibility (monthly Set up operations) and Reliability (service level) have been analyzed on both chart and trend analysis, before and after the implementation of the proposed method. Secondly, it has been compared against Lean Manufacturing principles that have been previously defined. Research findings indicate that the company has experienced performance improvement as well visual management practices of Lean Manufacturing have been implemented.