My dissertation explores the transmission of musical knowledge between China, Portugal, and France in the context of a global Enlightenment. Through the lenses of two treatises authored by Jesuit missionaries serving at the Chinese Imperial Court––one introducing Western music to China, the other introducing Chinese music to France––I investigate how music and the system of knowledge represented by each treatise challenged their audience's worldview: although their interpretation differed, both the Europeans and the Chinese acknowledged China as the origin of the Western civilization. I argue that this construction of a universal history that accommodates all cultures on a single timeline shows there was a common effort across the globe to systematize the diversity of the world's musical cultures into one coherent principle and, more importantly, that the Enlightenment did not originate in Europe but was built on a shared effort of the East and the West to use history to make sense of the expanding globe. My research offers a new model for musicological studies by situating music at the intersection between East Asian Studies, Mission Studies, History of Science, and Global History. Moreover, it challenges the preconceived notion of the Enlightenment as a purely European phenomenon and argues instead that the Enlightenment was global at its inception. In doing so, it moves beyond the framework of dissemination and the comparative approach that characterize much of the past scholarship on global history. Emphasizing simultaneous emergence over successive development and integration over connection, I examine how local societies actively incorporated foreign systems of knowledge in the face of globalizing forces and how this incorporation not only expanded but also transformed their conception of the world.

No description available.

Este trabalho nasceu de um discurso fotográfico, isto é, a fotografia não só como uma ferramenta de pesquisa, mas também como um discurso visual, retraduzindo textos em imagens, e que nos revelou que a cruz e a quadra são as marcas da arquitetura da Companhia de Jesus. No primeiro capítulo pretendemos demonstrar que a cruz é o princípio norteador da simbologia dos jesuítas, apresentar quem eles eram, o que queriam, e porque vieram ao Brasil nos primórdios dos primeiros agenciamentos e ordenamentos. No segundo capítulo pretendemos demonstrar como a cruz é um traçado regulador que originou o pátio e a quadra, e o que isso simbolizou ao longo da história; e no terceiro capítulo demonstraremos como isso reflete na arquitetura jesuítica no Brasil. No quarto capítulo verificamos porque a cruz reguladora dos pátios e das quadras foram aplicados no Brasil e de que forma isso foi feito. Concluímos que a arquitetura dos jesuítas foi um lócus onde o modelo cultural, civilizador e educador implantado era o aristotélico-tomismo mesclado aos novos métodos modernos e inacianos tal como os Exercícios Espirituais, as Constituições Inacianas e a Ratio Studiorum, onde seu canteiro e seu desenho foram formas e meios de alcançar o objetivo maior que era tornar o indígena um cristão, a partir da catequese, e um homem, aos moldes europeus. E que no Brasil, entre 1549-1759, a santa linha reta, quadrada, armada, racional e ordeira, da cruz, foi o princípio norteador da concepção, espaço e elementos de uma arquitetura moderna, em quadra, como meio de domínio, conquista e conversão. / This work was born of a photographic discourse, that is, the photograph not only as a research tool, but also as a visual discourse, retranslates text in images, and revealed in the cross and the court are the hallmarks of the company\'s architecture Of Jesus. In the first chapter we intend to demonstrate that the cross is the guiding principle of the symbology of the Jesuits, to present who they were, what they wanted, and why they came to Brazil in the early days of the first assemblages and systems. In the second chapter we intend to demonstrate how the cross is a regulatory route that led to the patio and the court, and what it symbolized throughout history; and the third chapter will demonstrate how this reflects in Jesuit architecture in Brazil. In the fourth chapter we see because the regulatory cross the courtyards and the court were applied in Brazil and how this was done. We conclude that the architecture of the Jesuits was a locus where the cultural model, civilizing and deployed educator was the Aristotelian-Thomism merged to new and modern methods such as the Ignatian Spiritual Exercises, the Ignatian Constitutions and the Ratio Studiorum, where your site and its design They were ways and means to achieve the main objective which was to make the Indian a Christian from the catechism, and a man, the European way. And in Brazil, between 1549-1759, the holy straight, square, armed, rational and orderly, the cross, was the guiding principle of design, space and elements of modern architecture, on the court, as a means of domination, conquest and conversion.

In the middle of the eighteenth century the Portuguese crown, under the influence of the Marquis of Pombal, sought to reform the political administration of its vast set of imperial holdings. As part of these reforms, in 1751 Pombal sent his brother, Francisco Xavier de Mendonça Furtado, to the Portuguese Amazon to serve as governor of the state of Grão Pará and Maranhão. This study explores Furtado’s tenure as governor of the Amazon from his perspective, in an attempt to understand how and why he arrived at a set of policies known as the “Directorate,” which overhauled the region’s mission system and attempted to more effectively assimilate native Amazonians into Portuguese colonial society. Chapter One combines a look at Furtado’s initial years as governor with short digressions into the relevant historical background of the region. The analysis in this chapter focuses on Furtado’s influence on his brother, the Marquis of Pombal, as well as the early attempts at reform he pursues out of a growing sense of frustration with the Jesuit missionaries in the region. Chapter Two focuses on a long trip Furtado took upriver to a settlement called Mariuá, in order to negotiate the boundary demarcation with Spain. Over the course of two years away from his home in Belém at the mouth of the Amazon, Furtado’s opinion of the Indians evolves, influencing the implementation of the Directorate policy upon his return. The paper concludes with a brief discussion of the legacies of Furtado and the Directorate.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Ohio University, June, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 183-194)

Thesis--University of Chicago. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Th. M.)--Calvin Theological Seminary, 2003. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 94-101).

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1968. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Inaug.-diss.--Bern. / "Diese arbeit erscheint unter dem titel J̀esuitismus und barockskulptur in Rom' mit 10 lichtdrucktafeln versehen als heft 70 der serie Z̀ur kunstgeschichte des auslanders'." "Verzeichnis der hauptsächlich benützten und zitierten literatur": p. [118]-120.

Orientador: Claudinei Magno Magre Mendes / Banca: Milton Carlos Costa / Banca: Lupércio Antônio Pereira / Resumo: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a visão dos jesuítas a respeito da escravidão africana com base nos escritos dos inacianos André João Antonil, Jorge Benci e Antonio Vieira, que refletiram sobre o assunto em questão à luz da conjuntura colonial do século XVII. Notamos em seus textos uma crítica, não à escravidão em si, mas ao modo como esta se dava na prática, e uma proposta de mudança na forma como os senhores tratavam seus cativos. Reconhecendo a importância da Companhia de Jesus enquanto instituição atuante na América Portuguesa, pretendemos comparar as propostas dos religiosos com a legislação vigente e com a vida no mundo dos engenhos de açúcar, debatendo os limites e possibilidades de interferência de uma instituição religiosa em instituições civis / Abstract: This paper aims to analyze the vision of the jesuits about african slavery based on the writings of André João Antonil, Jorge Benci and Antonio Vieira, who reflected on the matter in question in light of the colonial situation of the seventeenth century. We noted in their texts a critique, not to slavery itself, but the way it was in this practice, and a proposed change in the way you treated their captives. Recognizing the importance of the Society of Jesus as an institution active in Portuguese America, we intend to compare the proposals of the religious with the law and with life in the world of sugar mills, debating the limits and possibilities of interference from a religious institution in civil institutions / Mestre