In this thesis we will consider and investigate the properties of analytic functions via their behavior near the boundary of the domain on which they are defined. To do that we introduce the notion of the hyperbolic distortion and the hyperbolic derivative. Classical results state that the hyperbolic derivative is bounded from above by 1, and we will consider the case when it is bounded from below by some positive constant. Boundedness from below of the hyperbolic derivative implies some nice properties of the function near the boundary. For instance Krauss & all in 2007 proved that, if the function is defined on a domain bounded by analytic curve, then boundedness from below of the hyperbolic derivative implies that the function has an analytic continuation across the boundary. We extend this result for the domains with slightly more general boundary, namely for smooth Jordan domains, and get that in this case the function and its derivative will have only continuous extensions to the boundary.

Ziel der Dissertation ist die hydrogeologische Charakterisierung von Karstgrundwasserleitern in der semi-ariden Klimazone, welche oftmals durch Übernutzung und anthropogene Verschmutz-ung bedroht sind. Trotz oft eingeschränkter Datenlage und einem unzureichenden Systemver-ständnis müssen quantitative und qualitative Faktoren, wie z.B. Grundwasserneubildungsrate, Aquiferparameter, Strömungs- und Stofftransportdynamik, Verschmutzungsempfindlichkeit und anthropogene Einflüsse quantifiziert werden. Jedoch können diese Gebiete auch günstige Eigenschaften für eine Charakterisierung, wie eine zeitlich eng begrenzte Impulsfunktion der Grundwasserneubildung durch intensive, kurze Niederschlagsereignisse sowie lange ungestörte Rezessionsperioden, aufweisen. Dies gilt für das in der Levante gelegene Untersuchungsgebiet. Die zeitliche und räumliche hydrologische Variabilität wurde durch ein ausgedehntes Messnetz hochaufgelöst erfasst. Zur Auswertung dieser Daten wurden konzeptionell korrekte, jedoch möglichst einfach anwendbare quantitative Verfahren und Modelle entwickelt und angewandt, was die Übertragbarkeit der Methoden auf weitere Trockengebiete ermöglicht. Durch eine Zusammenstellung und Auswertung hydrochemischer Langzeitdaten konnte die natürliche Hintergrundkonzentration von Chlorid im Grundwasser für 33 Quelleinzugsgebiete ermittelt werden. Darauf aufbauend war es möglich, durch eine Chloridmassenbilanz sowohl den langjährige mittlere Anteil der Grundwasserneubildung am Niederschlag (25–50%) zu bestimmen, als auch den Abwasseranteil im Quellwasser anhand rezenter Proben zu quantifizieren (0–20%). Anhand eines Speicher-Durchflussmodelles konnten sowohl Aquiferparameter im Einzugs-gebietsmaßstab als auch eine Tageszeitreihe der Grundwasserneubildung exemplarisch für die Auja-Quelle, die größte Süßwasserquelle im Unteren Jordantal, erfasst werden. Diese sowie weitere Quellen der Region sind durch ein „röhrengedrosseltes“ Abflussverhalten, d.h. eine Begrenzung der Quellschüttung, gekennzeichnet. Der hydrogeologisch komplexe Aquifer und das nichtlineare Systemverhalten bei Erreichen der maximalen Schüttung erfordern ein besonders angepasstes Modell, welches auch einen ausgeprägten hydraulischen Austausch zwischen den Karströhren und der geklüfteten Gesteinsmatrix berücksichtigen muss. Eine Reihe von Parametern konnte aus einer Rezessions- und Ereignis-Analyse der Abflussganglinie ermittelt werden. Das Speicher-Durchflussmodell benötigt lediglich sechs Kalibrierparameter und erlaubt eine sehr gute Simulation der Abflussganglinie. Die effektive Aquifer-Porosität wurde durch Kalibration ermittelt (ca. 2.4%). Über den simulierten 45-Jahres-Zeitraum führten die fünf niederschlagsreichsten Jahre zu einem Drittel der gesamten Grundwasserneubildung. Die zeitlich hoch aufgelösten Quellmessungen ermöglichten eine Quantifizierung der hydraulischen Reaktionszeiten sowie der mittleren Verweilzeiten, der Durchbruchsdauer und der relativen Anteile der schnellen Fließkomponente nach Niederschlagsereignissen. Diese Daten dienen sowohl einer Abschätzung der schnellen Neubildungsprozesse (vor allem Fokussierung im Epikarst und schnelles präferentielles Fließen durch die Vadose Zone) als auch einer Beurteilung der Verschmutzungsempfindlichkeit der Karstquellen. Weiterhin konnte eine Zugehörigkeit der beiden, 3500 m voneinander entfernten, artesischen Jericho-Quellen Sultan und Duyuk zu einem gemeinsamen Röhren- und damit Karstsystem nachgewiesen werden.

In this thesis we will consider and investigate the properties of analytic functions via their behavior near the boundary of the domain on which they are defined. To do that we introduce the notion of the hyperbolic distortion and the hyperbolic derivative. Classical results state that the hyperbolic derivative is bounded from above by 1, and we will consider the case when it is bounded from below by some positive constant. Boundedness from below of the hyperbolic derivative implies some nice properties of the function near the boundary. For instance Krauss & all in 2007 proved that, if the function is defined on a domain bounded by analytic curve, then boundedness from below of the hyperbolic derivative implies that the function has an analytic continuation across the boundary. We extend this result for the domains with slightly more general boundary, namely for smooth Jordan domains, and get that in this case the function and its derivative will have only continuous extensions to the boundary.

Originally published as the author's Thesis--Freiburg Universität, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references.

Originally published as the author's Thesis--Freiburg Universität, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references.

La fin du 6e millénaire et le début du 5e millénaire constituent une des périodes les moins connues de la préhistoire du Levant sud. Dans ce contexte, les fouilles menées sur le site de Tel Tsaf, dans la vallée du Jourdain, offrent une opportunité inédite d’apporter un éclairage sur les sociétés de cette période. Cette étude s’est attachée, à travers la définition des systèmes de production, de distribution et d’utilisation des céramiques, à définir le fonctionnement social et économique du site et, au-delà, à adresser son statut au niveau régional. Nous avons pour cela développé une approche techno-pétrographique des assemblages céramiques, fondée sur l’identification des chaînes opératoires de production technique. Dans un deuxième temps, nous avons replacé l’assemblage céramique de Tel Tsaf dans le cadre plus large de la vallée du Jourdain et du Levant, à travers des comparaisons au niveau micro et macro-régional. Cette étude s’est avérée particulièrement riche. A l’échelle du site, elle nous a permis de mettre en évidence une société complexe et multi-culturelle. A l’échelle de la région, elle nous a permis de définir une communauté de pratiques au sein de la vallée du Jourdain et de mettre en évidence un phénomène de migration depuis le Levant nord, sur le site de Tel Tsaf. À l’appui des résultats de ce travail, ainsi que des études comparatives réalisées sur le matériel des sites de Beth Shean XVIII et d’Abu Gosh III – Jasmine street, il nous a été possible de proposer une réflexion d’ensemble sur la vallée du Jourdain et le Levant sud au tournant du 5e millénaire / The late 6th-early 5th millenium BC is one of the least known of the southern Levant prehistoric periods. In this context, the excavations on the site of Tel Tsaf, in the Jordan Valley, offer an unprecedented opportunity to shed light on communities from that period. This study aimed, through the definition of production systems, distribution and use of ceramics, to define the social and economic functioning of the site and beyond, to address its regional status. In this purpose, we have developed a techno-petrographical approach of the ceramic assemblage, based on the identification of chaînes opératoires. Secondly, we recontextualized the ceramic assemblage of Tel Tsaf in the broader context of the Jordan Valley and the Levant, through comparisons at micro and macro-regional level.This study prooved particularly rich. At the site level, it allowed us to highlight a complex and multi-cultural society. At the regional scale, it allowed us to define a community of practice in the Jordan Valley and highlight a phenomenon of migration from the northern Levant, to the site of Tel Tsaf. Regarding our results on Tel Tsaf, as well as comparative studies on the material of Beth Shean XVIII sites and Abu Gosh III - Jasmine street, we attempted to provide a broader reflection on the Jordan Valley and the Southern Levant at the turn of the 5th millennium.

Background: Little is known about the use of pain management evidence in Jordanian Pediatric Intensive Care Units (PICUs). Purpose: To assess the existence, content, and the factors influencing the use of pain management evidence in Jordanian PICUs. Methods: Three studies were guided by the Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (PARiHS) framework. 1. A scoping review of the literature to identify pain management interventions in the PICU; 2. A cross-sectional and multisite survey to determine the current pain management practices, and the availability and content of practice guidelines in Jordanian PICUs; 3. A correlational and multisite survey to examine the relationship between the contextual factors and nurses’ use of pain management research evidence in Jordanian PICUs. Results: 1. Twenty-seven studies were included in the scoping review. The majority of the studies focused mainly on pharmacological interventions (n= 21, 78%). Morphine and fentanyl were the most commonly used pharmacological agents for pain management in the PICUs. The use of non-pharmacological interventions was limited. 2. Four of six eligible PICUs participated in the cross-sectional study. All four units had written pain management guidelines. Fentanyl was the most commonly used pharmacological agent in two units. Intravenous infusions of opioids were not administered for patients on mechanical ventilation in two units. The use of non-pharmacological interventions was reported in one unit. 3. From the four participating units, 73 nurses completed the correlation study survey. Social capital predicted both the instrumental and conceptual research use for pain management by Jordanian PICU nurses. Structural and electronic resources predicted the instrumental research use for pain management by Jordanian PICU nurses. Conclusions: Pain management practices and supporting guidelines varied in Jordanian PICUs. Context influences Jordanian PICU nurses’ use of research for pain management. Not all of the pain management practices in Jordan are evidence informed. There is an opportunity for improvement in pain management in Jordanian PICUs.

The aim of those study was to find out an up-to date content of mercury in the tissues of fish in the dam reservoir Jordan in Tabor. To compare particular fish according to their species, age and dietary strategy and their capability to accumulate mercury. The distribution and the mutual rates of total content of mercury in particular tissues of carnivorous and non-carnivorous species of fish were determined (muscle, liver, kidneys). Dedicated atomic absorption spectrophotometer AMA 254 was used to determine the total content of mercury. The results show that exceeding the former hygienic limit 0.1 mg.kg-1 w. w. in the muscle of non-carnivorous fish with almost all samples. It was the low-age carnivorous species of fish was probably the cause that the hygienic limit (0,5 mg.kg-1 w. w.) was exceeded only rarely (in the muscle a five-year-old asp, Aspius aspius, 0,888 {$\pm$} 0,041 mg.kg-1 w. w.). The pond Kosin located above the dam reservoir Jordan was exploitation as a comparative locality. The average content of mercury in the muscle of selected indicator species of fish in the reservoir Jordan - bream large (Abramis brama) at the age of 5 years - it was 0,241 {$\pm$} 0,080 mg.kg-1 w. w., whereas from comparative locality, from the pond Kosin, for the same species and age of fish it was only 0,045 {$\pm$} 0,008 mg.kg-1 w.w., i.e. more than five times more of the content in comparison with an unweighted locality. The realized results also show that the burden of the fish with mercury for a common consumer does not exceed neither the {\clqq}hazard index`` (HI) nor the toxicological limit ( the maximum recommended ration a week from the food is 1,6 {$\mu$}g MeHg per 1 kg of body weight according) to the WHO. However, with more intensive consumption of mainly carnivorous fish from the reservoir Jordan, e.g. of the sport fishermen´s family members, it could cause risk from this consumption ( i.e. HI > 1). Further work should be aimed at monitoring of the content of mercury in the tissues of mainly predators of higher age category.

Uppsatsens material består av Farornas väg (1992) och Tidens hjul (1993) av Robert Jordan och Mördarens lärling (1996) av Robin Hobb. Romanerna inleder fantasysviterna Sagan om Drakens återkomst respektive Berättelsen om Fjärrskådarna. Syftet med analysen är att undersöka hur författarna introducerar och framställer element som skapar en illusion av en fantastisk värld. Uppsatsen är i första hand inte didaktiskt orienterad, men bruket av fantasylitteratur i svenskämnet för gymnasieskolan diskuteras också. Metoden är en komparativ motivstudie, där Jordans och Hobbs framställningar ställs mot varandra. Teoretisk utgångspunkt är Mark J. P. Wolfs teoretisering av world-building och närmare bestämt hans utveckling av begreppet invention. Analysen visar att Jordan och Hobb tidigt introducerar och framställer element som skapar illusioner av fantasyvärldar relaterat till seriernas världsstruktur, magiska element och epitet och karaktärsnamn. Författarna introducerar även element som kan relateras till vår värld. Jordans och Hobbs framställningar sker på olika och likartade sätt. Jordan och Hobb liknar bland annat varandra i hur de använder betydelsebärande epitet respektive karaktärsnamn, men skiljer sig åt då Jordan är tydligare än Hobb i framställningen av magiska element.

Em suas várias nuanças a geografia se apresenta como uma ciência interdisciplinar, com interface em muitos segmentos do conhecimento. As ramificações geográficas fazem com que esta ciência seja plural na tradicionalidade acadêmica, nos permitindo trabalhar questões cronológicas, biológicas, humanas e da natureza, como será apresentado nesta tese. A questão que fundamenta este trabalho pauta-se na necessidade de compreender os fatores externos e internos que alteram a vida do ser humano no ecossistema manguezal do Rio Jordão sob a hipótese de que, a ausência de políticas públicas gera problemas ambientais e sociais. O que será realizado ao detectar da comunidade suas correlações com o manguezal em cena. A ação degradadora do homem vai aniquilando aos poucos o ecossistema do manguezal, isso nos faz perceber que as peculiaridades inerentes ao povo vivente desta comunidade também perde sua especificidade. Consequentemente, a atividade pesqueira perde força porque a comunidade local vai sendo removida, comprometendo assim a conservação de sua cultura. O pescador passa para a condição de cidadão, usuário urbano, um simples morador a somar-se ao sistema vicioso da cultura uniformizada, característica dos centros urbanos. O eixo da tese trata inicialmente de compreender a localização da área de pesquisa e da ocupação territorial do estado envolvendo o tema; tem consequência com a realização da caracterização do manguezal em questão e do ser humano nele habitante; apresentação da análise bibliográfica; justificativas, finalidades, metodologia do trabalho, identificar as externalidades e internalidades relacionadas ao ecossistema em questão e as alterações que os moradores do manguezal em estudo sofrem/causam. Com a caracterização da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Jordão, não foi apenas delimitada a área de estudo, mas interpretou-se também a dinâmica no sistema de bacia, neste caso, possibilitou-se conhecer melhor o entorno do rio, o manguezal e focar-se especificadamente nas questões relacionadas com as comunidades quando detectamos a correlação em que os moradores percebem entre o ecossistema do manguezal e suas próprias vidas. Contudo, os capítulos desta tese expressam uma vontade, a de trazer da população habitante da bacia do rio Jordão, informações tributárias a este ecossistema. / Geography, presented here as an interdisciplinary science, with interface in a lot of segments of the knowledge. Its branches make this science a plural science in the academic traditionalism. It allows us to work issues on chronologic, biologic, human and nature as it will be presented in this study. A question that bases this work line is the theory of the necessity to understand the external and internal factors that change lives of the people and the mangrove ecosystems of Jordan River that can be detected from the community and its correlations with the mangrove. The degenerating action of the man is destroying the mangrove ecosystem and this makes us realize that the inherent peculiarities of those people also lose their individualization. Consequently the fish activity loses the strength because the local community is forced to change their life styles, committing the upkeeping of their culture. The fisherman becomes a city citizen, a urban user, an ordinary person who comes to add to the vicious cycle of the unifying culture, what is a characteristic of the urban centres. The main idea of this study is to deal initially with the understanding the location of the area in study, and the territorial occupation of the state involving this subject. It has consequence with the practice of the mangrove characteristics and its inhabitants. A presentation of a bibliographic analysis, justification, purpose, methodology of the study, identification of the internal and external factors related to the ecosystem and the changes that the inhabitants from the mangrove have to deal with. With the characterization of hydrographical basin of the Jordan river, it wasnt only marked the area of study but it was also interpreted the dynamics of the basin system and in this case, the possibility of knowing the river better and to focus on questions connected with community when we detected the correlation between the inhabitants and the ecosystem and the mangrove, and their own existence. However, the chapters of study express a strong will of bringing to the population who live in the Jordan River basin, information about this ecosystem.