Global ETD Search

1	[en] CLIMATE AND ENVIRONMENTAL DISPLACEMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF THE INTERAMERICAN HUMAN RIGHTS SYSTEM: AN OVERVIEW FROM THE PROCESS OF HUMANIZATION OF INTERNATIONAL LAW / [pt] DESLOCADOS CLIMÁTICOS E AMBIENTAIS NO CONTEXTO DO SISTEMA INTERAMERICANO DE DIREITOS HUMANOS: UM OLHAR A PARTIR DO PROCESSO DE HUMANIZAÇÃO DO DIREITO INTERNACIONAL RAQUEL SANTOS DE ALMEIDA 08 October 2024 (has links) [pt] A presente pesquisa tem por escopo analisar os crescentes fluxos migratórios na América Latina e no Caribe relacionados às mudanças climáticas. Pretende-se identificar as novas tendências de deslocamentos forçados transfronteiriços no continente americano e examinar o quadro normativo protetivo disponível na região para a tutela dos novos deslocados no cenário de crise climática, especialmente ante a ausência de uma norma internacional própria de proteção. Para isso, é necessário confrontar o atual Direito Internacional dos Refugiados, além de outras normativas como os Princípios Reitores Relativos aos Deslocados Internos de 1998 e documentos afetos à proteção na seara migratória, no que dizem respeito às atuais demandas e hipóteses de mobilizações forçadas e migrações provocadas por catástrofes e fenômenos climáticos extremos. Tem-se por objetivo, por fim, verificar as capacidades e potencialidades do Sistema Interamericano de Direitos Humanos (SIDH) para a proteção adequada das pessoas deslocadas forçadas por razões climáticas e ambientais. Considerase, sobretudo, a possibilidade de aplicação efetiva das normas de direitos humanos e dos padrões protetivos desenvolvidos no âmbito regional, tanto em questões ambientais quanto em questões de mobilidade humana, como resposta diante da anomia. Especial atenção é dada ao trabalho de interpretação empreendido pela Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos (Corte IDH) e suas contribuições que se coadunam e impulsionam a humanização do Direito Internacional, como sustentado por Antônio Augusto Cançado Trindade. / [en] The scope of this research is to analyze the growing migratory flows in Latin America and the Caribbean related to climate change. The aim is to identify new trends in cross-border forced displacement on the American continent and examine the protective regulatory framework available in the region to protect new displaced people in the climate crisis scenario, especially given the absence of a specific international protection standard, which implies confronting the current International Refugee Law, in addition to other regulations such as the 1998 Guiding Principles Relating to Internally Displaced Persons and documents related to protection in the area of migration, with regard to the current demands and hypotheses of forced mobilizations and migrations caused by catastrophes and extreme weather phenomena. The objective is, finally, to verify the capabilities and potential of the Inter-American Human Rights System (IAHRS) for the adequate protection of people forced to be displaced for climate and environmental reasons. Above all, the possibility of effective application of human rights standards and protective standards developed, both in environmental issues and human mobility issues, at the regional level is considered as a response to anomie. Special attention is given to the interpretation work undertaken by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IDH Court) and its contributions that are in line with and promote the humanization of International Law, as supported by Antônio Augusto Cançado Trindade. [pt] AMERICA LATINA [pt] NOVO JUS GENTIUM [pt] DESLOCADO CLIMATICO E AMBIENTAL [en] LATIN AMERICA [en] HUMANIZATION OF INTERNATIONAL LAW [en] NEW JUS GENTIUM [en] INTER AMERICAN HUMAN RIGHTS SYSTEM
2	Love Interest: Figures and Fictions of Venture Capital and the Law in Conquista Legnani, Nicole Delia 06 June 2014 (has links) Inspired by the visual allegory ("Conquista, embarcáronse a las Indias" fol. 73 of the Nueva corónica), Legnani contends that the development of the laws of peoples (jus gentium) by 16th century Spanish jurists should be analyzed within the corpus of commercial law (lex mercatoria) employed by sea merchants, bankers and mercenaries throughout the 15th and 16th centuries. This dissertation explores the movement from figure to fiction in discourses of capital and violence. / Romance Languages and Literatures Latin American studies Latin American literature History laws of peoples (jus gentium) metalepsis habitus political theology Spanish conquest conquista usury venture capital commenda triple contract
3	Jus Gentium & the Arab as Muselmänner: The “Islamist Winter” is the Pre-Emptive (Creative) Chaos of the “Arab Spring” Multiplying Necropolises / JUS GENTIUM & THE ARAB AS MUSELMÄNNER Al-Kassimi, Khaled January 2020 (has links) While the (re)conquest of Arabia as manifest in 2003 Iraq, and 2006 Lebanon, were respectively Act I and II accenting sovereign figures exercising necropower by adjudicating (il)legal doctrines (i.e., pre-emptive defense strategy) legalizing extrajudicial techniques of violence founded on discursive technologies of racism, I argue that the “Islamist Winter” – temporarily dubbed the “Arab Spring” in 2011 – is Act III reifying similar legal doctrines (i.e., Bethlehem Legal Principles) and a (secular) linear temporal perception of time seeking to implement a New Middle East (NME) that is no longer “resistant to Latin-European modernity” but amenable to such inclusive exclusion historicist telos. The importance of “creative anarchy” as a positivist legal technique in producing chaotic developments such as carnage and a “crisis” or “emergency” of displacement – with sovereign members of jus gentium authorizing agents of terror (i.e., death squads/war-machines) – is that it reveals the deadly technologies of racism and relations of enmity inherent in sovereignty as a positivist juridical concept endowing sovereign figures with the power to formulate legal doctrines that ultimately subjugate Arab life to the power of death (necropower). Therefore, one of the main questions orbiting the writing of this dissertation is interested in deconstructing and critiquing jus gentium – by adopting a Third World Approach to International Law (TWAIL) in tandem with necropolitics and biopolitics as paradigms of analysis – to disclose that it is because jus gentium valorizes positivist jurisprudent scholastics postulating an unbridgeable cultural gap between an Athenian mode of Being as a universal sovereign subject, and a Madīnian mode of Being as the particular object denied sovereignty, that leads ratiocinative sovereign figures to legally exercise necropower on the Arab body. Therefore, the following chapters seek to go beyond the limited (post-colonial) idea asserting that the problem with international law is that it is primarily “Eurocentric” since the simple solution to such a claim would be to include the non-European body in International Law. Rather, the primary question constellating this monograph is: what are the experienced consequences of being temporally included and what are the experienced consequences of being temporally excluded from a legal regime (i.e., jus gentium) reifying a Latin-European philosophical theology universalizing a particular set of liberal-secular cultural mores as a “cultural benchmark” (i.e., purity-metric) in order to be-come imagined as temporally “inside” jus gentium? / Thesis / Doctor of Social Science Jus gentium International law Positivist jurisprudence Necropolitics Biopolitics Displacement Operation Timber sycamore Arab Spring Islamist Winter Constructive Chaos Homo Sacer/Musulmann Arab Philosophical Theology Latin-European Philosophical Theology
4	The politics & poetics of Gulliver’s travel writing Cox, Philip 03 September 2019 (has links) Working at the intersection of narrative studies and political theory, this thesis performs an original critical intervention in Gulliver’s Travels studies to establish the work as an intertextual response to the hegemonic articulations of European travel writing produced between the 15th and 18th centuries under the discourse of Discovery. My argument proceeds through two movements. First, an archeology of studies on Gulliver’s Travels that identifies key developments and points of significance in analyses of the satire’s intertextual relationship with travel writing. Second, a discursive analysis of the role of Discovery generally, and travel writing specifically, in constructing European hegemony within a newly global context. Together these movements allow me to locate Gulliver’s Travels firmly within the discourse of Discovery and to specify the politics of the text and the poetics of its operations. For this analysis I adopt a conceptualization of hegemony elaborated by Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe in Hegemony and Socialist Strategy (1985), which defines discourse as a structured totality of elements of signification, wherein the meaning and identify of each element is constituted by articulatory practices competing to fix the differences and equivalences between it and others within the discourse. An hegemonic discourse is one that successfully limits the possibility of novel articulations according to a particular governing logic. In the Age of Discovery, this governing logic, I argue, is a socio-spatial logic that constructed the “European” subject through its difference from the “Non-European,” the “civilized” subject through its difference from the “savage,” and the “free land” of the “savage” peoples through its difference from the occupied lands of the “civilized.” To conduct the concomitant critical analysis of Gulliver’s Travels, I draw upon Jacques Rancière’s conception of the “distribution of the sensible,” which refers both to the partitions determined in sensory experience that anticipate the distributions of parts and wholes, the orders of visibility and invisibility, and the relationships of address or comportment beneath every community; and to the specific practices that partake of these distributions to establish the “common sense” about the objects that make up the common world, the ways in which it is organized, and the capacities of the people within it. This enables me to establish travel writing as an articulatory practice that utilized a narrative modality to “reveal” the globe in a Eurocentric image dependent upon the logic of Discovery: a discursively constructed paradigm that I identify as what others have labeled “travel realism,” which organized the globe into a single field of discursivity predicated upon the “civilizational” and “rational” superiority of Europeans over their non-European Others. Gulliver’s Travels, I conclude, intervenes in this distribution of the sensible by utilizing the satirical form as a recomposing logic to upend the paradigm of travel realism and break away from the “sense” that it makes of the bodies, beings, and lands it re-presents. / Graduate Gulliver's Travels Jonathan Swift Ernesto Laclau Chantal Mouffe Carl Schmitt Jacques Rancière Richard Hakluyt Samuel Purchas Michel De Certeau Barbara Shapiro Felipe Fernández-Armesto Stephen Greenblatt hegemony and socialist strategy nomos of the earth distribution of the sensible politics of literature discovery doctrine of discovery inter caetera treaty of tordesillas international relations public law jus gentium europaeum jus publicum international law travel writing travel realism european history atlantic exploration travel grand tour exploration discourse theory early modern period medieval hegemony discourse of fact postcolonialism colonialism political theory narrative studies literary analysis metaphor discursive analysis

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