The present research work has been carried out to develop a unified knowledge-based hybrid methodology combining regression-based, lumped parameter and finite element analyses that can be implemented in the initial phase of vehicle design resulting in a superior side crash performance. As a first step, a regression-based model (RBM) is developed between the injury parameter Thoracic Trauma Index (TTI) of the rear SID and characteristic side impact dynamic response variables such as rear door velocity (final) and intrusion supplementing an existing RBM for front TTI prediction. In order to derive the rear TTI RBM, existing public domain vehicle crash test data provided by NHTSA has been used. A computer-based tool with a Graphical User Interface (GUI) has been developed for obtaining possible solution sets of response variables satisfying the regression relations for both front and rear TTI. As a next step in the formulation of the present hybrid methodology for vehicle side impact safety design, a new Lumped Parameter Model (LPM) representing NHTSA side impact is developed. The LPM developed consists of body sub-systems like B-pillar, front door, rear door and rocker (i.e. sill) on the struck side of the vehicle, MDB, and “rest of the vehicle” as lumped masses along with representative nonlinear springs between them. It has been envisaged that for the initial conceptual design to progress, the targets of dynamic response variables obtained from RBM should yield a set of spring characteristics broadly defining the required vehicle side structure. However, this is an inverse problem of dynamics which would require an inordinate amount of time to be solved iteratively. Hence a knowledge-based approach is adopted here to link the two sets of variables i.e., the dynamic response parameters (such as average door and B-pillar velocities, door intrusion, etc.) and the stiffness and strength characteristics of the springs present in LPM. In effect, this mapping is accomplished with the help of an artificial neural network (ANN) algorithm (referred to as ANN_RBM_LPM in the current work). To generate the required knowledge database for ANN_RBM_LPM, one thousand cases of LPM chosen with the help of the Latin Hypercube technique are run with varying spring characteristics. The goal of finding the desired design solutions describing vehicle geometry in an efficient manner is accomplished with the help of a second ANN algorithm which links sets of dynamic spring characteristics with sets of sectional properties of doors, B-pillar and rocker (referred as ANN_LPM_FEM in the current work). The implementation of this approach requires creation of a knowledge database containing paired sets of spring characteristics and sectional details just mentioned. The effectiveness of the hybrid methodology comprising both ANN_RBM_LPM and ANN_LPM_FEM is finally illustrated by improving the side impact performance of a Honda Accord finite element model. Thus, the unique knowledge-based hybrid approach developed here can be deployed in real world vehicle safety design for both new and existing vehicles leading to enormous saving of time and costly design iterations.

This master’s thesis deals about Knowledge management in a small organization, and identification of knowledge resources and needs and the integration of knowledge management principles into the daily work of the organization. The theoretical part explains the basic terms and assumptions of knowledge management and shows a multidisciplinary overlap of knowledge management. The practical part deals with analysis of current situation of organization, especially in terms of utilization of knowledge resources and their evaluation, and design an appropriate system for managing knowledge in the organization.

Les travaux présentés dans ce mémoire s’inscrivent dans une problématique d’aide à l’élaboration d’offres, en adoptant le point de vue de l’entreprise soumissionnaire lors d’un processus de réponse à appel d’offres. Ces offres peuvent concerner indifféremment des produits, des services ou des systèmes produit-service (PSS). Dans le cadre de nos travaux, nous regroupons cette diversité sous le terme « PvSS ». Nous nous intéressons donc à la problématique suivante : «Comment maîtriser et assister l’élaboration d’offres en réponse à appel d’offres ?». Notre première contribution consiste en un cadre de modélisation et d’exploitation des connaissances. Ce cadre est composé d’un modèle générique de structure d’offre, ainsi que d’un modèle d’exploitation des connaissances. Le modèle générique de structure d’offre permet de modéliser à la fois (1) la solution technique (ce que l’entreprise propose au client) et (2) son processus de réalisation (comment l’entreprise fournit cette solution). Il intègre également les notions de contexte d’élaboration, d’exigences client, d’indicateurs d’évaluation (coût, délai de réalisation, confiance, etc.) et de risques. Ce modèle est formalisé et exploité à l’aide d’une taxonomie, d’un problème de satisfaction de contraintes (CSP) et de raisonnement à partir de cas (CBR). Notre deuxième contribution porte sur la caractérisation d’une méthodologie de déploiement et d’exploitation du cadre proposé. Cette méthodologie, appelée ISIEM, intègre des phases d’adaptation et de déploiement du cadre en entreprise (phases d’Initialisation, Spécialisation et Implémentation), mais également des phases d’utilisation (phases d’Exploitation et Mise à jour). Les travaux présentés dans ce mémoire s’inscrivent dans le cadre du projet ANR OPERA. Nos deux contributions sont illustrées par un cas d’étude provenant de l’une des entreprises partenaires du projet. / The work presented in this thesis deals with assistance in bid elaboration, by adopting the point of view of the bidder during a tendering response process. These bids may concern products, services or product-service systems (PSS). As part of our work, we group this diversity under the term“PvSS”. We are therefore interested in the following problem: “How to master and assist in bid elaboration in response to calls for tenders?”. Our first contribution is a framework for modelling and exploiting knowledge. This framework is composed of a generic model of bid structure, as well as a knowledge exploitation model. The generic model of bid structure allows the modelling of both (1) the technical solution (what the company proposes to the customer) and (2) its realization process (how the company provides this solution to the customer). It also integrates the elaboration context, customer requirements, the evaluation indicators (cost, delivery time, confidence, etc.) and risks. This model is formalized and exploited using a taxonomy, a constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) and case-based reasoning (CBR). Our second contribution deals with the characterization of a methodology for deploying and exploiting the proposed framework. This methodology, called ISIEM, includes phases of adaptation and deployment of the framework in enterprise (Initialization, Specialization and Implementation phases), but also phases of use (Exploitation and Maintenance phases). The work presented in this thesis is part of the ANR OPERA project. Our two contributions are illustrated by a case study from one of the project’s partner companies.

No description available.

Orientador: José Alexandre Matelli / Resumo: Por estar relacionado com questões econômicas e ambientais, o uso eficiente de energia é atualmente alvo de diversos estudos e pesquisas. A demanda energética, tanto elétrica quanto térmica, está presente nos mais diversos setores, tais como, indústrias, condomínios residenciais, cidades, comércios e hospitais. Para que tais demandas sejam supridas, com o melhor aproveitamento energético possível, surge o conceito de cogeração. Cogeração pode ser entendida como a geração de dois ou mais tipos de energia (trabalho mecânico, energia elétrica, calor ou energia de resfriamento) a partir de uma única fonte energética. O projeto, porém, de um sistema térmico de cogeração pode apresentar uma complexidade muito elevada. Isso se deve, dentre outras razões, aos diversos tipos e tamanhos de tecnologias existentes, além das inter-relações complexas dos parâmetros de um sistema (tais como pressões, temperaturas, vazões e eficiências em carga parcial). Surgem, então, diversas possibilidades de configurações de sistemas para se atender aos requisitos de um projeto, fazendo com que a busca pela solução ótima seja complexa. A solução ótima depende fortemente da superestrutura, no sentido que diferentes superestruturas resultam em diferentes soluções ótimas. No entanto, a criação de superestruturas não é feita, em geral, de modo sistemático, dependendo em grande medida das preferências, da experiência e criatividade de quem a propõe. Neste trabalho foi desenvolvido um método de projeto que usa... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Mestre

Tutoring is one of the most effective instruction methods. Computer as an Intelligent Tutor is an area of research since many decades. Technology advancement in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) can be used in developing Web – based Intelligent Tutoring System (WITS), which provides individualized tutoring at the same time to large number of students geographically distributed. Intelligent Tutoring System requires knowledge representation of expert, student and instructional strategy. While web technology promises many attractive features to build web based ITS, it would still be a challenge to represent knowledge objects that are scalable, reusable and platform independent. It is required to derive generalized knowledge representation framework which can be used in developing WITS for many courses. This research work proposes an instruction System Design (ISD) model based framework in development of WITS for Control Systems. ADDIE model is selected in development of WITS. Front end analysis is conducted to identify the learning goals of a course. Proposed research work presents a Bloom - Vincenti framework for preparing learning objectives for engineering courses. Problem Based Learning (PBL) is selected as instruction strategy. Then it presents an ontology based knowledge representation framework for expert module, tutoring module, and student module. Ontology for expert module is proposed on the course structure, instruction system, instruction material ontology, and Bloom – Vincenti Taxonomy. Ontology for student module is also proposed on course structure and Bloom – Vincenti Taxonomy. Tutoring module consists of ontology about the facts of the instruction material and rule base based on the categories of engineering knowledge (Vincenti) and cognitive skill (Bloom’s Taxonomy). Proposed way of knowledge representation supports scalability, and reusability. Prototype Web – based Intelligent Tutoring System for first level course on Control Systems is developed. JAVA technology used in development of Web – based Intelligent Tutoring System (WITS), makes WITS platform independent. Web – based Intelligent Tutoring System for Control Systems is deployed at laboratory level and its efficacy is tested for first two modules of a course.

La present tesi pretén recollir l'experiència viscuda en desenvolupar un sistema supervisor intel·ligent per a la millora de la gestió de plantes depuradores d'aigües residuals., implementar-lo en planta real (EDAR Granollers) i avaluar-ne el funcionament dia a dia amb situacions típiques de la planta. Aquest sistema supervisor combina i integra eines de control clàssic de les plantes depuradores (controlador automàtic del nivell d'oxigen dissolt al reactor biològic, ús de models descriptius del procés...) amb l'aplicació d'eines del camp de la intel·ligència artificial (sistemes basats en el coneixement, concretament sistemes experts i sistemes basats en casos, i xarxes neuronals).Aquest document s'estructura en 9 capítols diferents. Hi ha una primera part introductòria on es fa una revisió de l'estat actual del control de les EDARs i s'explica el perquè de la complexitat de la gestió d'aquests processos (capítol 1). Aquest capítol introductori juntament amb el capítol 2, on es pretén explicar els antecedents d'aquesta tesi, serveixen per establir els objectius d'aquest treball (capítol 3). A continuació, el capítol 4 descriu les peculiaritats i especificitats de la planta que s'ha escollit per implementar el sistema supervisor.Els capítols 5 i 6 del present document exposen el treball fet per a desenvolupar el sistema basat en regles o sistema expert (capítol 6) i el sistema basat en casos (capítol 7). El capítol 8 descriu la integració d'aquestes dues eines de raonament en una arquitectura multi nivell distribuïda. Finalment, hi ha una darrer capítol que correspon a la avaluació (verificació i validació), en primer lloc, de cadascuna de les eines per separat i, posteriorment, del sistema global en front de situacions reals que es donin a la depuradora / The present document wants to gather the experience obtained in the development of a Supervisory System for optimal WWTP management and control, its implementation in a real plant (Granollers WWTP) and its evaluation in the day-to-day operation with typical plant situations. This Supervisory System combines and integrates classical control of WWTP (automatic controller for maintaining a fixed dissolved oxygen level in the aeration tank, use of mathematical models to describe the process.) with the application of tools from the Artificial Intelligence field (knowledge-based systems, mainly expert systems and cased-based systems, and neural networks).This document has been structured into nine chapters. The first part is introductory with a review of the state-of-the-art in wastewater treatment control and supervision and the explanation of the complexity of WWTP management (chapter 1). This introductory chapter together with the second one, where the antecedents to the present thesis are reviewed, are good for the establishment of the objectives (chapter 3). Next, chapter 4 describes the peculiarities and specificities of the selected plant to implement the Supervisory System.Chapters 5 and 6 of the present document explain the work carried out to develop and build the knowledge base of the rule-based or expert system (chapter 6) and the case-based system (chapter 7). Chapter 8 illustrates the integration of these reasoning techniques into a distributed multi-layer architecture. Finally, there is a last chapter focused on the evaluation (verification and validation) of, first of all, each one of the techniques individually, and lately, of the overall Supervisory System when facing with real situations taking place in the wastewater treatment plant.

La implantació de Sistemes de Suport a la presa de Decisions (SSD) en Estacions Depuradores d'Aigües Residuals Urbanes (EDAR) facilita l'aplicació de tècniques més eficients basades en el coneixement per a la gestió del procés, assegurant la qualitat de l'aigua de sortida tot minimitzant el cost ambiental de la seva explotació. Els sistemes basats en el coneixement es caracteritzen per la seva capacitat de treballar amb dominis molt poc estructurats, i gran part de la informació rellevant de tipus qualitatiu i/o incerta. Precisament aquests són els trets característics que es poden trobar en els sistemes biològics de depuració, i en conseqüència en una EDAR. No obstant, l'elevada complexitat dels SSD fa molt costós el seu disseny, desenvolupament i aplicació en planta real, pel que resulta determinant la generació d'un protocol que faciliti la seva exportació a EDARs de tecnologia similar. L'objectiu del present treball de Tesi és precisament el desenvolupament d'un protocol que faciliti l'exportació sistemàtica de SSD i l'aprofitament del coneixement del procés prèviament adquirit. El treball es desenvolupa en base al cas d'estudi resultant de l'exportació a l'EDAR Montornès del prototipus original de SSD implementat a l'EDAR Granollers. Aquest SSD integra dos tipus de sistemes basats en el coneixement, concretament els sistemes basats en regles (els quals són programes informàtics que emulen el raonament humà i la seva capacitat de solucionar problemes utilitzant les mateixes fonts d'informació) i els sistemes de raonament basats en casos (els quals són programes informàtics basats en el coneixement que volen solucionar les situacions anormals que pateix la planta en el moment actual mitjançant el record de l'acció efectuada en una situació passada similar).El treball està estructurat en diferents capítols, en el primer dels quals, el lector s'introdueix en el món dels sistemes de suport a la decisió i en el domini de la depuració d'aigües. Seguidament es fixen els objectius i es descriuen els materials i mètodes utilitzats. A continuació es presenta el prototipus de SSD desenvolupat per la EDAR Granollers. Una vegada el prototipus ha estat presentat es descriu el primer protocol plantejat pel mateix autor de la Tesi en el seu Treball de Recerca. A continuació es presenten els resultats obtinguts en l'aplicació pràctica del protocol per generar un nou SSD, per una planta depuradora diferent, partint del prototipus. L'aplicació pràctica del protocol permet l'evolució del mateix cap a un millor pla d'exportació.Finalment, es pot concloure que el nou protocol redueix el temps necessari per realitzar el procés d'exportació, tot i que el nombre de passos necessaris ha augmentat, la qual cosa significa que el nou protocol és més sistemàtic. / The decision support systems (DSS) implemented in wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) make easier the application of better techniques based on the knowledge to manage the process, insuring the effluent quality and minimising the economical costs of its exploitation. The knowledge-based systems are characterised by its capability of working in ill structured domains, and with relevant information of type qualitative or uncertain. These are the characteristics that could be found in the biological systems treatments, and consequently in a wastewater treatment plant. However, the high complexity of the DSS makes very expensive their design, development and the application in a real WWTP, and because this reason it is very important the generation of a protocol that makes easier the exportation of the program to other similar plants.The objective of the present document is the development of a protocol that makes easier the systematic exportation of DSS and the reuse of the process knowledge acquired previously. The document is developed in basis on the study case from the DSS exportation from the Granollers WWTP to Montornès WWTP. This knowledge-based system integrates two kinds of systems based on knowledge, concretely the rule-based systems (which are programs that simulate the human reasoning and its capability of problem solving using the same information sources) and the case-based reasoning systems (which are informatic programs based on knowledge that solve the current abnormal situations in the plant by means of retrieving the executed action in a similar past situation).The document is structured in different chapters, in the first chapter; the lector is introduced in the DSS domain and in the wastewater treatment domain. Afterwards the objectives are defined and the materials and methods used are explained. Following, the Granollers DSS prototype is presented. Once, the prototype is explained, the first protocol made by the author in his research work is presented. Afterwards, the results obtained from the protocol application to export the DSS to other plant are presented. The real application of the protocol allows making better itself. In conclusion, the new protocol reduces the needed time to make the exportation process, although the new protocol needs more steps to make the same work, this means that it is more systematic.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-17T14:52:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jose Pinheiro de Moura.pdf: 2210496 bytes, checksum: 1838e13fe37d76069ab54519b694f6e6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003-04-15 / In this work is presented the development and implementation of an Expert System to detect faults and decision making over the faults of mineral belt conveyors. This system applies artificial intelligence techniques to help the operator s decision making during the production process. It uses the CommonKADS reference methodology for knowledge acquisition and modeling. In this approach is also emphasized the difficulties in getting accurate and qualitative information, to support the decision making, and provide the users with highly trustable mechanisms able to analyze, select and drive to them the right information, meeting the demanded requisites for optimum performance during the operation of the belt conveyor. / Neste trabalho apresenta-se o desenvolvimento e implementação de um sistema especialista para identificação de falhas e tomada de decisão em correias transportadoras de minério. Este sistema aplica técnicas de inteligência artificial para auxiliar o operador na tomada de decisão durante o processo produtivo. Utiliza-se a metodologia de referência CommonKADS para aquisição e modelagem do conhecimento. Neste trabalho também enfatiza-se as dificuldades para obter informação, precisa e qualitativa, para apoiar tomadores de decisão e fornecer aos usuários um mecanismo altamente confiável para analisar, selecionar e direcionar-lhes a informação correta, desta forma cumprindo os requisitos exigidos para o desempenho ótmo da produtividade durante a operação de uma correia transportadora de minério.

In the last decades and due to the Water Framework Directive implementation, the urban wastewater cycle management has become more complex. The concept of integrated urban wastewater system management is introduced, and it becomes necessary to consider some new data as the sewer system characteristics or the receiving body. In this sense, environmental decision support systems (EDSS) are very useful and powerful tools to support during the decision making process. A new EDSS for the integrated urban wastewater system management has been developed integrating data from several sources (bibliographic, theoretical or historical) and a real case-based virtual system able to perform simulations. Results demonstrate the benefits of using this kind of systems in comparison with a standard approach, which do not use the expert knowledge and encourages continuing with this research in order to improve the quality and efficiency of this type of EDSSs / En les darreres dècades, i degut a la implementació de la Directiva Marc de l’Aigua, la gestió del cicle urbà de l’aigua ha esdevingut més complexa. S’introdueix el concepte de gestió integrada de conca, i és necessari considerar certa informació, com les característiques de la xarxa de clavegueram o del medi receptor. D’aquesta manera, els sistemes de suport a la decisió ambiental (EDSS) són eines potentíssimes que faciliten la presa de decisions en aquest camp. S’ha desenvolupat un nou EDSS per a la gestió integrada de conca que utilitza una base sòlida de coneixement expert, integrant informació de diverses fonts (bibliogràfiques, teòriques o històriques) i dos sistemes virtuals basats en dades reals sobre els quals és possible realitzar simulacions. Els resultats demostren que aquest sistema presenta beneficis importants respecte a una gestió estàndard sense sistema expert, i esperona a prosseguir amb la recerca i el desenvolupament per a millorar-lo