The purpose of this thesis is to restate the definition of the integral as given by O. Perron, to establish some of the fundamental properties of the Perron integral, and to prove the equivalence between the Perron and Lebesgue integrals in the bounded case.

This dissertation concerns two topics in analysis. The rst section is an exposition of the Henstock-Kurzweil integral leading to a necessary and su cient condition for the change of variables formula to hold, with implications for the change of variables formula for the Lebesgue integral. As a corollary, a necessary and suf- cient condition for the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus to hold for the HK integral is obtained. The second section concerns a challenge raised in a paper by O. Lazarev and E. H. Lieb, where they proved that, given f1….,fn ∈ L1 ([0,1] ; C), there exists a smooth function φ that takes values on the unit circle and annihilates span {f1...., fn}. We give an alternative proof of that fact that also shows the W1,1 norm of φ can be bounded by 5πn + 1. Answering a question raised by Lazarev and Lieb, we show that if p > 1 then there is no bound for the W1,p norm of any such multiplier in terms of the norms of f1...., fn. / Includes bibliography. / Dissertation (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2016. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

Thesis (M.S. in Applied Mathematics)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2002. / Thesis advisor(s): Chris Frenzen, Bard Mansager. Includes bibliographical references (p. 49). Also available online.

Neste trabalho estudamos a integral de Kurzweil para funções definidas em um intervalo fechado limitado da reta e a valores em um espaço de Riesz. Apresentamos algumas propriedades básicas dessa integral e teoremas que relacionam a convergência uniforme de uma seqüência de funções Kurzweil integráveis com a convergência da seqüência formada pelas respectivas integrais. / In this work we study the Kurzweil integral for functions defined in a compact interval and with values in a Riesz space. We present some elementary properties for this integral and we prove theorems that relate the uniform convergence of a sequence of Kurzweil integrable functions to the convergence of the sequence of their integrals.

Neste trabalho estudamos a integral de Kurzweil para funções definidas em um intervalo fechado limitado da reta e a valores em um espaço de Riesz. Apresentamos algumas propriedades básicas dessa integral e teoremas que relacionam a convergência uniforme de uma seqüência de funções Kurzweil integráveis com a convergência da seqüência formada pelas respectivas integrais. / In this work we study the Kurzweil integral for functions defined in a compact interval and with values in a Riesz space. We present some elementary properties for this integral and we prove theorems that relate the uniform convergence of a sequence of Kurzweil integrable functions to the convergence of the sequence of their integrals.

In calculus the concept of an infinite derivative – i.e. DF(x) = ±∞ – is seldom studied due to a plethora of complications that arise from this definition. For instance, in this extended sense, algebraic expressions involving derivatives are generally undefined; and two continuous functions possessing identical derivatives at every point of an interval generally differ by a non-constant function. These problems are fundamentally irremediable insofar as calculus is concerned and must therefore be addressed in a more general setting. This is quite difficult since the literature on infinite derivatives is rather sparse and seldom accessible to non-specialists. Therefore we supply a self-contained thesis on continuous functions with infinite derivatives aimed at graduate students with a background in real analysis and measure theory.  Predominately we study continuous primitives which satisfy the Luzin condition (N) by establishing a deep connection with the strong Luzin condition – a weak form of absolute continuity which has its origins in the Henstock–Kurzweil theory of integration. The main result states that a function satisfies the strong Luzin condition if and only if it can be expressed as a sum of two such primitives. Furthermore, we establish some pathological properties of continuous primitives which fail to satisfy the Luzin condition (N).

The aim of this thesis is to build the foundations of generalized ordinary differ- ential equation theory in metric spaces. While differential equations in metric spaces have been studied before, the chosen approach cannot be extended to in- clude more general types of integral equations. We introduce a definition which combines the added generality of metric spaces with the strength of Kurzweil's generalized ordinary differential equations. Additionally, we present existence and uniqueness theorems which offer new results even in the context of Euclidean spaces.

The thesis deals with the HKSp α integral, which is generalization of the HKS integral, its properties and the concepts of ordinary oscillation and p-oscillation, which are needed for the construction of the integral. This integral is non-absolutely convergent and more general than the Lebesgue integral. This thesis is based on recent results in the theory of integrals and its goal is to introduce this integral to a wide readership interested in mathematical analysis. 1

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Neste trabalho, introduzimos os conceitos de controlabilidade e de observabilidade para equações diferenciais ordinárias generalizadas, apresentamos resultados inéditos sobre condições suficientes e necessárias para controlabilidade e para observabilidade para estas equações e também apresentaremos uma aplicação. Utilizando teoremas de correspondência entre equações diferenciais ordinárias generalizadas e outras equações diferenciais, traduzimos os resultados obtidos para os casos particulares de controlabilidade e observabilidade para equações diferenciais em medida e equações diferencias com impulsos. O fato de trabalharmos no ambiente das equações diferenciais ordinárias generalizadas permitiu que os resultados obtidos pudessem envolver funções com muitas descontinuidades e muito oscilantes, ou seja, de variação ilimitada. Os resultados novos apresentados aqui estão contidos no artigo [21] que se encontra em fase final de redação e será submetido à publicação em breve. / In this work, we introduce concepts of controllability and observability for generalized ordinary differential equations, we present new results on necessary and sufficient conditions for controllability and observability for these equations and we also present an application. Using theorems of correspondence between generalized ordinary differential equations and other differential equations, we translate the results obtained for the particular cases of controllability and observability for measure differential equations and differential equations with impulses. The fact that we work in the framework of generalized ordinary differential equations allows us to obtain results where the functions involved can have many discontinuities and be highly oscillating, that is, of unbounded variation. The new results presented here are contained in the preprint [21] which is under final revision and will soon be submitted for publication.