Thesis (doctoral)--Lund University, 1994. / Added t.p. with thesis statement inserted.

Thesis (doctoral)--Lund University, 1994. / Added t.p. with thesis statement inserted.

No description available.

Hui, Lai Shan. / Thesis (M.Sc.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1988. / Bibliography: leaves 83-87.

by Kwok-cheong Chung. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1983. / Bibliography: leaves 194-221.

by Ng, Shuet Fai. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1990. / Bibliography: leaves 118-137. / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.i / ABSTRACT --- p.ii / CONTENTS --- p.iv / Chapter CHAPTER 1: --- GENERAL INTRODUCTION / Chapter I. --- The History of Gossypol --- p..4 / Chapter II. --- The Chemistry of Gossypol --- p..7 / Chapter A. --- Enantiomers of Gossypol --- p.10 / Chapter B. --- Analysis of Gossypol --- p.11 / Chapter III. --- Metabolism and Distribution of Gossypol in Body --- p.12 / Chapter IV. --- The Effect of Gossypol --- p.14 / Chapter A. --- Effect of Gossypol on Different Animal Species --- p.14 / Chapter B. --- Effect of Gossypol on Male Reproductive Organs --- p.16 / Chapter 1. --- Testis and Epididymis --- p.16 / Chapter 2. --- Spermatozoa and Spermatogenic Cells --- p.18 / Chapter C. --- Effect of Gossypol on Reproductive Hormones --- p.20 / Chapter D. --- Effect of Gossypol on Enzymes --- p.22 / Chapter 1. --- Enzymes in Capacitation --- p.23 / Chapter 2. --- The Metabolic Enzymes --- p.24 / Chapter a. --- On Glycolysis --- p.24 / Chapter b. --- On TCA Cycle --- p.26 / Chapter c. --- On Oxidative Phosphorylation --- p.26 / Chapter 3. --- Adenyl Cyclase --- p.26 / Chapter 4. --- Na+/K+-ATPase --- p.28 / Chapter E. --- Other Effects of Gossypol --- p.29 / Chapter V. --- Toxicity of Gossypol --- p.30 / Chapter A. --- General Toxic Effect --- p.30 / Chapter B. --- The Mutagenicity --- p.32 / Chapter VI. --- Clinical Trials of Gossypol --- p.33 / Chapter VII. --- The Purpose of This Study --- p.35 / Chapter A. --- Gossypol and LDH-X --- p.35 / Chapter B. --- Effect of Gossypol on Antioxidant Defense Systems / Chapter C. --- The Influence of Gossypol on Zinc Metabolism --- p.37 / Chapter CHAPTER 2: --- EFFECT OF GOSSYPOL ON LDH-X OF COCK AND DRAKE / Chapter I. --- Introduction --- p.39 / Chapter A. --- General Description of Lactate Dehydrogenase --- p.39 / Chapter B. --- Discovery of LDH-X --- p.40 / Chapter C. --- Properties of LDH-X --- p.41 / Chapter D. --- Role of LDH-X in the Spermatozoa --- p.42 / Chapter E. --- Gossypol and LDH-X --- p.43 / Chapter II. --- Materials and Methods --- p.44 / Chapter A. --- Reagents --- p.45 / Chapter B. --- Methods --- p.45 / Chapter 1. --- The Effect of Gossypol on the Spermatozoa of Cock and Drake --- p.45 / Chapter 2. --- "Measurement of LDH-X Activities in Cock, Drake, Mouse and Rat" --- p.46 / Chapter a. --- Preparation of Samples --- p.46 / Chapter b. --- Enzyme Assay --- p.47 / Chapter III. --- Results / Chapter A. --- Effect of Gossypol on the Spermatozoa of Cock and Drake --- p.48 / Chapter 1. --- Cock --- p.48 / Chapter 2. --- Drake --- p.49 / Chapter B. --- "The LDH-X Activities of Cock, Drake, Rat and Mouse" --- p.51 / Chapter IV. --- Discussion --- p.54 / Chapter CHAPTER 3: --- "THE EFFECT OF GOSSYPOL ON THE METABOLISM OF ZINC IN THE TESTIS, HAIR AND RETINA OF HAMSTER AND MOUSE" / Chapter I. --- Introduction --- p.57 / Chapter A. --- The Physiological Role of Zinc in Animals --- p.57 / Chapter B. --- The Relationship Between Gossypol and Divalentions --- p.58 / Chapter II. --- Materials and Methods --- p.60 / Chapter A. --- Reagents --- p.60 / Chapter B. --- Treatment of Animals for the Zinc Content Study / Chapter 1. --- Detection of Zinc Content in Hamster Hair --- p.61 / Chapter 2. --- "Detection of Zinc Distribution in the Hair, Testis, and Retina in Hamster and Mouse" --- p.62 / Chapter C. --- Determination of Zinc and Iron --- p.63 / Chapter III. --- Results --- p.63 / Chapter A. --- Amount of Zinc in Hamster's Hair --- p.63 / Chapter B. --- "The Distribution of Zinc Content in Hair, Testis and Retina of Hamster and Mouse" --- p.69 / Chapter IV. --- Discussion --- p.71 / Chapter CHAPTER 4: --- EFFECT OF GOSSYPOL ON THE ANTIOXIDANT DEFENSE SYSTEM IN THE TESTIS OF HAMSTER / Chapter I. --- Introduction --- p.73 / Chapter A. --- Oxygen Radicals in Living Cells --- p.75 / Chapter B. --- Oxygen Damage of Spermatozoa --- p.76 / Chapter C. --- Antioxidant Defense System --- p.77 / Chapter 1. --- Enzymatic Antioxidants --- p.78 / Chapter 2. --- Non-Enzymatic Antioxidants --- p.78 / Chapter II. --- Materials and Methods --- p.81 / Chapter A. --- Reagents --- p.81 / Chapter B. --- Experimental Animals --- p.82 / Chapter C. --- The Effect of Scavengers on the Antifertility of Gossypol --- p.83 / Chapter 1. --- Vitamin C --- p.83 / Chapter 2. --- Selenium --- p.84 / Chapter 3. --- Vitamin E --- p.85 / Chapter D. --- Chemical Interaction of Gossypol with Vitamin C and Sodium Selenite --- p.85 / Chapter E. --- Malonaldehyde Assay --- p.85 / Chapter F. --- The Effect of Gossypol on the Antioxidant Defense Enzymes --- p.86 / Chapter 1. --- Drug Treatment --- p.86 / Chapter 2. --- Preparation of Samples for Enzyme Determination --- p.87 / Chapter 3. --- Enzyme Assays --- p.87 / Chapter a. --- Se-GSH-Px --- p.88 / Chapter b. --- Glutathione-S-Transf erase --- p.88 / Chapter c. --- Catalase --- p.89 / Chapter d. --- Superoxide Dismutase --- p.90 / Chapter III. --- Results --- p.90 / Chapter A. --- The Effect of Scavengers on the Antifertility of Gossypol --- p.90 / Chapter B. --- Chemical Interaction of Gossypol with Vitamin C and sodium selenite --- p.91 / Chapter C. --- The MDA Concentration of the Testis of Hamster after Gossypol and Scavengers Injection --- p.101 / Chapter D. --- The Antioxidant Defense Enzymes --- p.101 / Chapter IV. --- Discussion --- p.109 / Chapter CHAPTER 5: --- CONCLUSION AND GENERAL DISCUSSION --- p.113 / REFERENCES --- p.118 / Chapter APPENDIX I --- THE INFLUENCE OF DIETARY LARD ON THE ANT I FERTILITY EFFECT OF GOSSYPOL --- p.138 / Chapter APPENDIX II --- PROTOCOL FOR GOSSYPOL DETERMINATION --- p.158

L-lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) cDNAs encoding for LDH-A4 (muscle) and LDH-B4 (heart) isozymes from caiman (Caiman crocodilus apaporiensis) belonging to the order Crocodilia were sequenced. The phylogenetic relationships of the newly determined cDNA and their deduced protein sequences, as well as the previously published sequences of vertebrate LDH isozymes were analyzed by various phylogenetic tree construction methods. These results indicated that Chelonia is indeed more closely related to Crocodilia. The divergent times between caiman and alligator, Chelonia and Crocodilia, were estimated to be approximately 36, 177 million years, respectively. £`-crystallin/Lactate dehydrogenase B cDNA from caiman (Caiman crocodilus apaporiensis), Pekin duck (Anas platyrhynchos), Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) and Greylag goose (Anser anser) eye lens were sequenced. Accorcding to cDNA sequences, duck lens £`¡Vcrystallin and heart LDH-B are the products of the same gene. In amino acid sequences, two residues Asn-114 and Phe-118 are well conserved in£`-crystallin/ LDH-B among caiman, Muscovy duck and Greylag goose except in Pekin duck which are replaced by glycine residues. The lens protein composition, LDH activity and£`-crystallin/ LDH B4 protein structure of caiman and three avians were analyzed and compared. The results show no significant differences in conformational or enzymatic properties between Pekin duck £`-crystallin and caiman, Muscovy duck and Greylag goose £`-crystallin. The unique replacement of both Asn-114 and Phe-118 by Gly residues in Pekin duck £`-crystallin amino acid sequence might therefore be due to the selective pressure during the recruitment processes of active enzyme into avian lens£`-crystallins.

Puberty and adolescence are periods of brain-driven physiological development that display increased incidences of depression development. Adolescents display significant alterations to their stress response signaling, sleep patterns, and metabolism when compared to pre-pubescents. Increased exposure to stress, sleep disturbances, and impaired energy acquisition is typical during puberty and adolescence and similarly increases the likelihood of developing depression. A promising avenue of limiting the deleterious effects of stress and sleep disruption on pubertal and adolescent depressive behaviour is the use of treatments that blunt underlying metabolic impairments associated with depression. Treatments that directly or indirectly increase availability of the glucose metabolite L-lactate are associated with depression reduction. The investigations included in this dissertation evaluate the usability of L-lactate treatments in reducing depression development in pubertal CD-1 male and female mice. This work first examines a previously proposed oral lactate solution, its effect on energy substrate concentration and drowsiness, and its efficacy as a safe oral L-lactate treatment (Chapter 2). Subsequent research aimed to identify a pubertal model of depression that would allow future testing of L-lactate antidepressant treatment. Pubertal male and female mice exposed to chronic sleep disruption were evaluated for stress reactivity and depressive behavior and were identified as a model for antidepressant testing (Chapter 3). In the final study, we evaluated the effects of chronic sleep disruption on the expression of energy metabolites like L-lactate and glucose within the brain, its effect on neurotransmitters associated with depression, and changes to sleep architecture in relation to depression behaviour. Sleep disrupted and depressed animal models were administered L-lactate producing probiotics and were evaluated for improvements to energy substrate concentration, neurotransmitter expression, sleep recovery, and depression reduction (Chapter 4). The present thesis provides groundwork for the use of L-lactate therapies in depressed pubertal and adolescent groups and provides initial evaluations of probiotic intervention as a prevention strategy for juvenile depression.

This thesis reports on investigations into the influence of diet and a bentonite feed additive on blood parameters in the horse, and the effect of a bentonite feed additive on the process of digestion in the dog. In addition, the methodology of scientific research is examined, and reflections of learning experiences arising from contact with the Hawkesbury approach described. A high-concentrate low-roughage diet, consisting by weight of 70% oats and 30% lucerne chaff, when fed to horses was shown to influence blood red cell levels and blood L-lactate levels compared to three diets of equivalent energy content but reduced proportion of concentrate. Other blood parameters measured included pack cell volume, total plasma protein, total and differential white blood cell count. These demonstrated no significant alteration with diet. The inclusion of bentonite feed additive in a kibble and mince diet fed to dogs was demonstrated to improve the digestion of dry matter and organic matter components of the diet compared to the unmedicated control diet. Inclusion of bentonite food additive in the diet was also associated with an improvement in degree of stool formation and reduction in faecal odour. Part B of the thesis documents the learning experience developed from involvement in the Masters program and reflection on the research studies undertaken. A model for improved reductionist research is described. / Master of Science (Hons) (Systems Agriculture)

Akademisk avhandling--Copenhagen. / Bibliography: p. 102-109.