Taiwan has become the international supply center of the TFT-LCD panel since its investment in the field for the past decade. Besides the main application in the products such as notebooks, LCD monitors, and LCD TVs, other consuming electronic goods also take it in wide-range application. Suppliers keep on investing, building new factories. After semiconductor industry, TFT-LCD panel has become another representative of Taiwan industry. Facing a competition with international companies, the factories of Taiwan TFT-LCD panel must be internationalized and configured in order to approach market and satisfy customers¡¦ needed. This paper researched the literatures of competitive strategy and advantages, and vertical conformity and division firstly. On the basis of learning industrial structure and specialty, exploring global developing strategy, analyzing up and down panel manufacturer, Wuhan A corporation is selected to be a typical cooperative case, to summarize the result as below. 1. Location selected: As the research result, the location should focus on the value chain building and values add. Also, it needs to think about the possibility of future development. 2. Cost down¡G The cost down policy can be implement in China, because of the lower salary and large number of manpower¡F the abundant nature resources and so on¡C 3. Operation Strategy¡G The strategy need to focus on the core completive advantages, such as flexible, excellent management capability, the ability to build up the marketing channel and so on.

After the happen of Asia Financial Crisis in 1997, the ecology of the TFT-LCD industry has been changed dramatically. As many companies invested lots of money to enter the industry in Taiwan , Japan¡B Sound Korea and Taiwan will be the three main contenders within the TFT-LCD industry in the 21st century. This study is focused on factors what make firms, which manufacture TFT-LCD panels in Taiwan, choice different entry models when they entered the TFT-LCD industry. This study selects effective variables by the researches about aspects of external environment analysis and internal resource analysis. The variables of macro-environment include ¡§Politics¡¨¡B¡¨Law¡¨¡B¡¨Economy¡¨ and ¡§Technology¡¨. The variables of industry environment include ¡§Entry Barrier¡¨¡B¡¨Industrial Structure¡¨ and ¡¨Growth Opportunity ¡¨. The variables of internal resource include ¡§Tangible Asset¡¨¡B¡¨Intangible Asset¡¨¡B¡§Human Resource ¡§¡B¡¨Personal Capability¡¨ and ¡§Organizational Capability¡¨. By the procedures of case study research to gather secondary data and interview the senior managers of three TFT-LCD panel manufacturing firms, the results are as following: 1. The factors of external environment affect the entry model indirectly. 2. It is necessary to own lots of financial assets to enter the TFT-LCD industry, but it is not a factor which affects the entry model. 3. The difference of resource configuration will affect the entry model. 4. Intangible assets and organizational capabilities affect the entry model directly. 5. The effect of internal resource factors on the entry model is more powerful than the external environment factors. Key words : Entry Model¡BTFT-LCD .

Liquid Crystal Displays are commonly used in automotive dashboards. The back lighting necessary for a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) can be achieved by the use of a light source and a light box, light pipe, or a diffusing screen. The space constraints of an automobile dashboard often mean that the light pipe is the most suitable method of illumination. At present an optimum design for the light pipe is obtained by a "Cut and Try" approach in which several light pipes are usually moulded and tested before a satisfactory candidate is found. This thesis reports on experimental and theoretical work to improve the legibility and readability of 'on' and 'off' segments of liquid crystal displays and to automate the design of the light pipes using Computer-Aided Design.

As telas de cristal líquido (LCD) são usadas em TVs, calculadoras, telefones celulares, computadores (laptop e palm), vídeo games e agendas eletrônicas. O aumento e a rápida obsolescência tecnológica desses dispositivos eletrônicos causa o descarte excessivo de LCDs usados, diminuindo a vida útil de aterros. Por isso é necessário o desenvolvimento de uma metodologia de reciclagem de LCDs, que deve ser iniciada pela caracterização de LCDs, seguida do processamento das telas com objetivo de separar os materiais, utilizando algumas técnicas de Tratamento de Minérios. Os ensaios realizados para caracterização dos componentes da tela foram: solubilização em solvente; chama; infravermelho; DSC; MEV com EDS; difração de raios-X; e perda ao fogo. A seqüência identificada dos materiais de fora para dentro foi: triacetato de celulose, poli (álcool) vinil dopado com iodo, triacetato de celulose, cristal líquido, vidro com ITO, triacetato de celulose, poli (álcool) vinil dopado com iodo, triacetato de celulose, polímero não identificado com mica. Após a caracterização foi realizada a etapa de liberação de materiais, utilizando-se de moinhos de rolos, de disco, de martelos, de bolas, separação por álcool, imersão em nitrogênio líquido, e solubilização em água, para separação dos materiais recicláveis. A operação de Tratamento de Minérios que apresentou cerca de 98% de separação dos materiais foi com o moinho de martelos. Este material pode ser usado eventualmente como substituto da areia. Para viabilizar a separação dos materiais existe a necessidade de alteração no projeto das LCDs. / Liquid crystal displays (LCD) are used in TVs, calculators, mobiles, computers (laptop and palm), video games and electronic agendas. The increasing and fast technological obsolescence of these electronic devices causes their extreme discard, decreasing the landfills useful life. Therefore it is necessary the development of a LCD recycling methodology which must be started by the LCDs characterization, followed by the displays processing with the objective of separating materials, using some Ore Treatment techniques. The characterization tests of the LDC components: solvent solubilization, flame, infrarred, DSC, MEV with coupled EDS, X-ray diffraction and loss on fire. The sequence of the identified materials were: celulose triacetate, poly vinyl alcohol with iodine, cellulose triacetate, liquid cristal, ITO glass, cellulose triacetate, poly vinyl alcohol with iodine, cellulose triacetate, polymer with muscovite. Following the characterization, the materials releasing step was performed. Firstly the LCDs were grinded using different kinds of mills, then the grinded materials were passed through several separation tests: separation on alcohol, immersion in liquid nitrogen and solubilization in water. Hammer milling present the best results. The project of the LCDs should be improved in order to allow the materials separation.

As telas de cristal líquido (LCD) são usadas em TVs, calculadoras, telefones celulares, computadores (laptop e palm), vídeo games e agendas eletrônicas. O aumento e a rápida obsolescência tecnológica desses dispositivos eletrônicos causa o descarte excessivo de LCDs usados, diminuindo a vida útil de aterros. Por isso é necessário o desenvolvimento de uma metodologia de reciclagem de LCDs, que deve ser iniciada pela caracterização de LCDs, seguida do processamento das telas com objetivo de separar os materiais, utilizando algumas técnicas de Tratamento de Minérios. Os ensaios realizados para caracterização dos componentes da tela foram: solubilização em solvente; chama; infravermelho; DSC; MEV com EDS; difração de raios-X; e perda ao fogo. A seqüência identificada dos materiais de fora para dentro foi: triacetato de celulose, poli (álcool) vinil dopado com iodo, triacetato de celulose, cristal líquido, vidro com ITO, triacetato de celulose, poli (álcool) vinil dopado com iodo, triacetato de celulose, polímero não identificado com mica. Após a caracterização foi realizada a etapa de liberação de materiais, utilizando-se de moinhos de rolos, de disco, de martelos, de bolas, separação por álcool, imersão em nitrogênio líquido, e solubilização em água, para separação dos materiais recicláveis. A operação de Tratamento de Minérios que apresentou cerca de 98% de separação dos materiais foi com o moinho de martelos. Este material pode ser usado eventualmente como substituto da areia. Para viabilizar a separação dos materiais existe a necessidade de alteração no projeto das LCDs. / Liquid crystal displays (LCD) are used in TVs, calculators, mobiles, computers (laptop and palm), video games and electronic agendas. The increasing and fast technological obsolescence of these electronic devices causes their extreme discard, decreasing the landfills useful life. Therefore it is necessary the development of a LCD recycling methodology which must be started by the LCDs characterization, followed by the displays processing with the objective of separating materials, using some Ore Treatment techniques. The characterization tests of the LDC components: solvent solubilization, flame, infrarred, DSC, MEV with coupled EDS, X-ray diffraction and loss on fire. The sequence of the identified materials were: celulose triacetate, poly vinyl alcohol with iodine, cellulose triacetate, liquid cristal, ITO glass, cellulose triacetate, poly vinyl alcohol with iodine, cellulose triacetate, polymer with muscovite. Following the characterization, the materials releasing step was performed. Firstly the LCDs were grinded using different kinds of mills, then the grinded materials were passed through several separation tests: separation on alcohol, immersion in liquid nitrogen and solubilization in water. Hammer milling present the best results. The project of the LCDs should be improved in order to allow the materials separation.

The aim of the course work is to design and implement a driver for touchscreen LCD display. The premise of the connection the display to the microcontroller using the I2C bus and use MCP23017 circuits. Raspberry Pi B + will be used for communication with circuits MCP23017 via I2C bus. Display TFT_320QVT will be connected to the outputs of extension circuits MCP23017. Part of the display complete is also a touchscreen with XPT2046 controller. Raspberry Pi runs on Raspbian system based on the Debian Linux distribution. The driver will serve to communicate and display information on the screen. The complete will be useable for applications such as selecting settings and show main information on the display.

Serial or parallel buses are widely used to communicate information in most electronic devices. The energy consumed by bus interconnects may comprise a significant portion of the overall energy consumption of the device. Hence, techniques to reduce the energy consumption of bus interconnects have become an important area of research. One common method adopted to reduce energy is Bus Encoding, where redundant bits are added to the original data stream either in time or space to reduce the energy consumption. In this thesis, a novel bus encoding technique, called the Multiple Codebook Approach (MCA), is presented to reduce the Energy-Delay-Product (EDP) and Energy for data transmission over serial buses. For any symbol that is to be transmitted on the bus, the best code is selected (from an EDP or energy minimization standpoint) from among a set of codebooks. In particular, the implementation utilizes 3 codebooks. To minimize EDP, the codeword for each symbol is selected based on the product of the number of transitions resulting from its transmission in a serial manner, and the codeword length. To minimize energy, the codeword for each symbol is selected based on the number of transitions alone. The MCA is compared with other reported techniques in the literature, and the results are quite promising. The MCA achieves a 11% improvement in EDP and 3% improvement iv in Energy over the best approach known for serial data transmission, which was reported by Macii and others.

In this paper, a new method combining imprint lithography and multiimprint was discussed to improve the generic TFT process. In order to apply the multilayer imprint, the alignment machine is essential for the whole process. Although there are many types of equipment available on the market, the cost of those alignment apparatuses is too expensive. In this paper, a simple theorem is employed to complete a low cost alignment machine with alignment accuracy to 5 £gm. Besides, in order to develop new TFT imprint photoresist, three kind of materials, AZ-series photoresist (AZ-650 a positive photoresist), HOSP (Hygrido Organic Siloxane Polymer) and SE-812, are tested for imprint and evaluate the applications of these materials in the future. The AZ-650 suits imprint process in this experiment.

In order to create win-win solutions, outstanding multinational companies usually look for a well-performed cluster to join. On the one hand, the local cluster can upgrade their competitiveness by leveraging the resources of the MNCs, such as technologies, specialized materials, human resources, and also learning from their management know-how. On the other hand, MNCs can enjoy benefits, such as lower cost, more effective logistics, and approaching the local market. Both the development of the Export Processing Zone and the success of high-tech industry of Taiwan are good examples. The TFT-LCD industry is the newly arisen one after semi-conductor industry in Taiwan, and the government has positively pushed TFT-LCD industry to be the core competitive-advantage industry, and expect to create 1 trillion NT dollars in 2006 to become worldwide FDP research and development country. Though the local companies work hard for years, they build up the whole supply-chain as a competitive cluster. This research focuses on the MNCs effects on the development of the TFT-LCD cluster, and uses multi-case methodology to analyze the MNC suppliers Corning, Asahi and the local player PVU in the TFT glass industry. The conclusion of the research shows that the strategy evolution of the MNC TFT glass suppliers played the vital role of the upgrading of whole industry becoming an embedded cluster.

The delivered quantity of TFT-LCD of Taiwan is more than that of Japan in the first quarter 2002. It pushes Taiwan to the position of No 2 in the world, only next to Korea. Hence Taiwan government has included the TFT-LCD industries as the strategic industries to develo. In the near future, we can forecast that TFT-LCD will succeed the semi-conductor industry to stand for the star industry of Taiwan The purpose of this research is to probe the competitions of TFT-LCD industries among Taiwan, Janpan and South Korea, including core competence, developing strategies, business model, and to discover the key success factors(KFS) of competitive advantage of nation in these industries within different countries. By way of the KFS to forecast the future development and potential niche market in the global TFT-LCD industries. The results lead to the conclusion that follows¡G 1. TFT-LCD industry is a hypercompetitive global industry. 2. The TFT-LCD industries of Taiwan, Japan and South Korea each has his competitive advantages. 3. Core competence is the most important strategic resource. 4. LCD-TV will become the largest niche market in the future. 5. The Diamond-Model of TFT-LCD industries in Taiwan and Japan will link together.