Commencing with a foundational understanding of the vital role energy modeling plays in optimizing building performance, this study meticulously compares a lowenergy lightweight concrete wall with a wooden stud wall featuring an air gap. The objective is to determine the most advantageous wall type for the construction phase, considering factors such as energy efficiency and cost-effectiveness. Additionally, comprehensive calculations will be performed to assess the heat resistance of each wall type and ascertain the most cost-effective option in terms of heating expenses for residential purposes.Acquiring pertinent information to successfully complete this study, our analysis considers variations in calculations based on whether the lightweight concrete wall is homogeneous or if the wooden stud wall consists of diverse materials.The findings of this study underscore that low-energy lightweight concrete walls offer notable advantages in terms of production aspects, primarily due to cost savings during the construction process. Moreover, in direct comparison to conventional lightweight concrete blocks, the study demonstrates that low-energy blocks outperform wooden stud walls in terms of energy efficiency and consumption.

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Магистерская диссертация посвящена проектированию завода по производству стеновых блоков из легкого бетона на основе безобжигового зольного гравия. Проведен эксперимент по получению безобжигового зольного гравия из золы-унос Рефтинской ГРЭС (Свердловская область, РФ). Получен БЗГ, обладающий маркой по плотности М900 для гранул после нормального твердения и маркой М1000 для гранул после пропаривания. Марка по прочности – П250. Полученный БЗГ соответствует требованиям ГОСТ 32496–2013. Получен облегченный бетон на БЗГ класса В12,5. Разработана технологическая схема и подобрано основное оборудование для производства БЗГ. Для производства стеновых блоков выбран агрегатно-поточный способ производства. Составлена технологическая схема, определено количество постов. Рассчитано и подобрано основное и вспомогательное оборудование: для обеспечения работы каждой из четырех линии нужно 65 форм, ямная камера размерами 8,0х4,7х2,9 м, бетоноукладчик СМЖ-859, вибротумба СМЖ-200, рельсовая механизированная тележка СМЖ-151 и мостовой кран грузоподъёмностью 10 т. Рассчитан склад готовой продукции: 30 х 36 м. Определен список и численность работников формовочного цеха. Выполнена графическая часть. / The master's thesis is devoted to the design of a plant for the production of wall blocks made of lightweight concrete based on non-burnt fly ash gravel. An experiment was conducted to obtain non-burnt fly ash gravel from fly ash from Reftinskaya GRES (Sverdlovsk region, Russian Federation). NBFAG was obtained, which has a density mark M900 for granules after normal hardening and a mark M1000 for granules after steaming. The strength grade is P250. The resulting NBFAG complies with the requirements of GOST 32496-2013. Lightweight concrete was obtained for NBFAG of class B12.5. A technological scheme has been developed and the main equipment for the production of NBFAG has been selected. An equipment-flow production method has been selected for the production of wall blocks. A technological scheme has been drawn up, the number of posts has been determined. The main and auxiliary equipment was calculated and selected: to ensure the operation of each of the four lines, 65 forms are needed, a pit chamber with dimensions of 8.0x4.7x2.9 m, a concrete paver SMJ-859, a vibrating column SMJ-200, a rail mechanized trolley SMJ-151 and an overhead crane with a lifting capacity of 10 tons. The warehouse of finished products is designed: 30 x 36 m. The list and number of employees of the molding shop have been determined. The graphic part is completed.