abstract: The large distributed electric power system is a hierarchical network involving the transportation of power from the sources of power generation via an intermediate densely connected transmission network to a large distribution network of end-users at the lowest level of the hierarchy. At each level of the hierarchy (generation/ trans- mission/ distribution), the system is managed and monitored with a combination of (a) supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA); and (b) energy management systems (EMSs) that process the collected data and make control and actuation de- cisions using the collected data. However, at all levels of the hierarchy, both SCADA and EMSs are vulnerable to cyber attacks. Furthermore, given the criticality of the electric power infrastructure, cyber attacks can have severe economic and social con- sequences. This thesis focuses on cyber attacks on SCADA and EMS at the transmission level of the electric power system. The goal is to study the consequences of three classes of cyber attacks that can change topology data. These classes include: (i) unobservable state-preserving cyber attacks that only change the topology data; (ii) unobservable state-and-topology cyber-physical attacks that change both states and topology data to enable a coordinated physical and cyber attack; and (iii) topology- targeted man-in-the-middle (MitM) communication attacks that alter topology data shared during inter-EMS communication. Specically, attack class (i) and (ii) focus on the unobservable attacks on single regional EMS while class (iii) focuses on the MitM attacks on communication links between regional EMSs. For each class of attacks, the theoretical attack model and the implementation of attacks are provided, and the worst-case attack and its consequences are exhaustively studied. In particularly, for class (ii), a two-stage optimization problem is introduced to study worst-case attacks that can cause a physical line over ow that is unobservable in the cyber layer. The long-term implication and the system anomalies are demonstrated via simulation. For attack classes (i) and (ii), both mathematical and experimental analyses sug- gest that these unobservable attacks can be limited or even detected with resiliency mechanisms including load monitoring, anomalous re-dispatches checking, and his- torical data comparison. For attack class (iii), countermeasures including anomalous tie-line interchange verication, anomalous re-dispatch alarms, and external contin- gency lists sharing are needed to thwart such attacks. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Electrical Engineering 2015

abstract: A substantial amount of research has been dedicated to understanding how and why innocent people confess to crimes that they did not commit. Unfortunately, false confessions occur even with the best possible interrogation practices. This study aimed to examine how different types of false confession (voluntary, compliance, and internalization) and the use of jury instructions specific to confessions influences jurors’ verdicts. A sample of 414 participants read a criminal trial case summary that presented one of four reasons why the defendant falsely confessed followed by either the standard jury instruction for confessions or a clarified version. Afterwards, participants completed several items assessing the perceived guilt of the defendant, their attitudes on confessions in general, and their opinions on jury instructions. Although the three confession reasons did not differ among one another, jurors who were given no explanation for the false confession tended to more harshly judge the defendant. Further, the clarified jury instructions did not influence the participants’ judgments. Future research should focus on how expert witness testimonies affect verdicts regarding each type of false confession reason and whether the media may influence a juror’s knowledge of factors that could provoke false confessions. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Psychology 2017

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No. of bitstreams: 1 nascimento_gb_dr_jabo.pdf: 1770231 bytes, checksum: ad03948ecc7b09b89d46d26b7c9e3bf8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-22 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A implementação de dados de sequenciamento de nova geração - “next-generation sequence” (NGS) em programas de melhoramento genético animal representa a mais recente ferramenta na utilização de dados genotípicos nos modelos de associação genômica, tendo em vista que todo polimorfismo é considerado nas associações entre registros fenotípicos e dados de sequenciamento. Como em toda nova tecnologia, a prospecção das variantes ainda representa um desafio no sentido computacional e de viabilidade dos custos para sua implementação em larga escala. Diante desses desafios, neste trabalho buscou-se meios de explorar os benefícios na utilização da NGS nas predições genômicas e superar as limitações inerentes a esse processo. Registros fenotípicos e genotípicos (Illumina Bovine HD BeadChip) de 2.279 animais da raça Gir (Bos taurus indicus) foram disponibilizados pela Embrapa Gado de Leite (MG) e utilizados para as análises de associação genômica. Além disso, dados de sequenciamento de 53 animais do 1000 “Bulls Project” deram origem à população de referência de imputação. Visando verificar a eficiência de imputação, foram testados diferentes cenários quanto a sua acurácia de imputação por meio da análise “leave-one-out”, utilizando apenas os dados de sequenciamento, que apresentaram eficiências de até 84%, no cenário com todos os 51 animais disponíveis após o controle de qualidade. Também foram verificadas as influências das variantes em baixa frequência na acurácia de imputação em diferentes regiões do genoma. Com a escolha da melhor estrutura da população de referência de imputação e aplicação dos controles de qualidade nos dados de NGS e genômicos, foi possível imputar os 2.237 animais genotipados, que passaram pelo controle de qualidade para dados de sequenciamento e realizar análise de associação genômica para as características produção de leite (PL305), teor de gordura (PG305), proteína (PP305) e sólidos totais (PS305), mensuradas aos 305 dias em animais da raça Gir leiteiro. Para tal, foram utilizados os valores genéticos desregredidos (dEBV) como variável resposta no modelo de regressão múltipla. Regiões de 1Mb que contivessem 100 ou mais variantes com “False Discovery Rate” (FDR) inferior a 0,05, foram consideradas significativas e submetidas a análise de enriquecimento por meio dos termos MeSh (“Medical Subject Headings”). As três regiões significativas (FDR<0,05) para PS305 foram observadas nos cromossomos 11, 12 e 28 e a única região significativa em PG305 foi no cromossomo 6. Tais regiões apresentaram variantes associadas com vias metabólicas da produção de leite, ausentes nos painéis comerciais de genotipagem, podendo representar genes candidatos a seleção. / - Implementing "next-generation sequence" (NGS) data in animal breeding programs represents the latest tool in the use of genotypic data in genomic association models, since all polymorphisms are considered in the associations between phenotypic records and sequencing data. As with any new technology, variant prospecting still represents a computational and cost-effective challenge for large-scale implementation. Front to these challenges, this work sought ways to explore the benefits of using NGS in genomic predictions and overcome the inherent limitations of this process. Phenotypic and genotypic (Illumina Bovine HD BeadChip) records of 2,279 Gir animals (Bos taurus indicus) were made available by Embrapa Gado de Leite (MG) and used for genomic association analysis. In addition, sequence data of 53 animals from the 1000 Bulls Project gave rise to the imputation reference population. In order to verify the imputation efficiency, different scenarios were tested for their imputation accuracy through the leave-one-out analysis, using only the sequencing data, which presented efficiencies of up to 84%, in the scenario with all the 51 animals available after quality control. Influences from the low-frequency variants on the accuracy of imputation in different regions of the genome were also verified. After identifying the best reference population structure of imputation and applying the quality controls in the NGS and genomic data, it was possible to impute the 2 237 genotyped animals that passed in the quality control to sequencing data and perform genomic association analysis for (PL305), fat content (PG305), protein (PP305) and total solids (PS305), measured at 305 days in dairy Gir animals. For this, unregulated genetic values (dEBV) were used as response variable in the multiple regression model. Regions of 1Mb containing 100 or more variants with a False Discovery Rate (FDR) lower than 0.05 were considered statistically significant and submitted to pathways enrichment analysis using the MeSh (Medical Subject Headings) terms. The three significant regions (FDR <0.05) for PS305 were observed on chromosomes 11, 12 and 28 and only one significant region in PG305, was on chromosome 6. These regions presented variants associated with metabolic pathways of milk production, absent in the panels genotyping, and may represent genes that are candidates for selection / convênio Capes/Embrapa (edital 15/2014)

Resumo: Diante do amplo uso popular da espécie Melampodium divaricatum (Rich. In Pers.) DC (Asteraceae) conhecida no Brasil como falsa-calêndula, fica evidente o provável potencial farmacológico desta espécie justificando assim estudos que possam confirmar suas atividades biológicas bem como aspectos que garantam a qualidade e segurança de seu uso pela população. Neste trabalho foram estudados os extratos aquosos, etanólicos e o óleo essencial obtido a partir das partes aéreas desta espécie buscando avaliar possíveis atividades biológicas, bem como o estudo de parâmetros farmacognósticos relacionados à qualidade do material vegetal em estudo. Avaliou-se o efeito destes extrativos no sistema imunológico murino, utilizando cultura de macrófagos peritoneais de camundongos Swiss e também a atividade antimicrobiana pela metodologia de difusão em ágar frente às bactérias Gram-positivas: Staphylococcus aureus e Bacillus subtilis e Gram-negativas: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Shigella sonnei, Serratia marcescens. O estudo farmacognóstico foi realizado através de ensaios físico-químicos, qualitativos e quantitativos. Os resultados indicam que o material vegetal encontra-se dentro dos padrões de qualidade estabelecidos para materiais vegetais em geral. Os componentes majoritários presentes no óleo essencial, trans-cariofileno (48,6%); germacreno-D (13,2%); biciclogermacreno (10,6%); óxido de cariofileno (3,0%) e α-humuleno (2,2%) não apresentam variações estatisticamente significativas quando obtidos do material vegetal seco e fresco. Em triagem fitoquímica das partes aéreas foi caracterizada a presença de flavonóides e triterpenos e através de doseamento verificou-se que o extrato etanólico 99,5% apresentou um maior teor de flavonóides totais. / Abstract: According the ample popular use of the Melampodium divaricatum (Rich. In Pers.) DC (Asteraceae) known in Brazil as false-calendula, it is evident the pharmacological potential of this species which justify studies that confirm its biological activities and aspects that guarantee the quality and safety of its use for the population. In this work the aqueous and ethanolic extracts as well as the essential oil from the aerial parts of this species had been studied in order to evaluate possible biological activities, as well as the study of related pharmacognostic parameters to the quality of the plant. It was evaluated the effect of these extractives in murine imunne system, using peritoneal macrophages cultures from Swiss mice and also the antimicrobial activity for the methodology of agar diffusion to Gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis and Gram-negatives: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Shigella sonnei, Serratia marcescens. The pharmacognostic study was carried through qualitative and quantitative assays physicochemical. The results indicate that the vegetal material was according to established standards of quality established for plant drugs in general. The majority components present in the essential oil trans-caryophyllene (48.6%); germacrene-D (13.2%); bicyclogermacrene (10.6%); caryophyllene oxide (3.0%), α-humulene (2.2%), do not present statiscally significant variations when obtained from dry or fresh plant. In phytochemistry analysis of the aerial parts the presence of flavonoids and triterpenoids was characterized and through dosage was verified that the ethanolic extract presented higher level of total flavonoids. As extracts as essential oils presented immunomodulatory activity to the murine macrophages, inhibiting powerfully the production of NO and H2O2 in a form dose-dependent. / Orientador: Raquel Regina Duarte Moreira / Coorientador: Sandra Regina Ananias / Banca: Hérida Regina Nunes Salgado / Banca: Hércules Menezes / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:37:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CleantoRRF_DISSERT.pdf: 2516767 bytes, checksum: 61225edcfbca1f2e0d1e4f5701b940f5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-07-30 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / The episodic memory system allows us to retrieve information about events, including its contextual aspects. It has been suggested that episodic memory is composed by two independent components: recollection and familiarity. Recollection is related to the vivid e detailed retrieval of item and contextual information, while familiarity is the capability to recognize items previously seen as familiars. Despite the fact that emotion is one of the most influent process on memory, only a few studies have investigated its effect on recollection and familiarity. Another limitation of studies about the effect of emotion on memory is that the majority of them have not adequately considered the differential effects of arousal and positive/negative valence. The main purpose of the current work is to investigate the independent effect of emotional valence and arousal on recollection and familiarity, as well as to test some hypothesis that have been suggested about the effect of emotion on episodic memory. The participants of the research performed a recognition task for three lists of emotional pictures: high arousal negative, high arousal positive and low arousal positive. At the test session, participants also rated the confidence level of their responses. The confidence ratings were used to plot ROC curves and estimate the contributions of recollection and familiarity of recognition performance. As the main results, we found that negative valence enhanced the component of recollection without any effect on familiarity or recognition accuracy. Arousal did not affect recognition performance or their components, but high arousal was associated with a higher proportion of false memories. This work highlight the importance of to consider both the emotional dimensions and episodic memory components in the study of emotion effect on episodic memory, since they interact in complex and independent way / O sistema de mem?ria epis?dica nos permite recuperar informa??es sobre eventos, incluindo os seus aspectos contextuais. Tem sido sugerido que a mem?ria epis?dica ? composta por dois componentes independentes: lembran?a e familiaridade. A lembran?a est? relacionada com a recupera??o v?vida e detalhada dos itens e sua informa??o contextual, enquanto a familiaridade ? a capacidade de reconhecer os itens previamente vistos como familiares. Apesar do fato de que a emo??o ? um dos processos mais influentes na mem?ria, poucos estudos t?m investigado o seu efeito sobre a lembran?a a familiaridade. Outra limita??o dos estudos sobre o efeito da emo??o na mem?ria ? que a maioria deles n?o considerou adequadamente os efeitos diferenciais do alerta e val?ncia positiva / negativa. O principal objetivo do presente trabalho ? investigar o efeito independente do alerta e val?ncia emocional na lembran?a e familiaridade, bem como testar algumas hip?teses que t?m sido sugeridas sobre o efeito da emo??o na mem?ria epis?dica. Os participantes da pesquisa realizaram uma tarefa de reconhecimento de tr?s listas de fotos emocionais: negativa de alto alerta, positiva de alto alerta e positiva de baixo alerta. Na sess?o de teste, os participantes tamb?m avaliaram o n?vel de confian?a de suas respostas. As avalia??es de confian?a foram utilizados para tra?ar curvas ROC e estimar as contribui??es da lembran?a e familiaridade no desempenho do reconhecimento. Como principais resultados, verificou-se que a val?ncia negativa aumentou o componente de lembran?a, sem qualquer efeito sobre a familiaridade ou acur?cia do reconhecimento. O alerta n?o afetou o desempenho de reconhecimento ou de seus componentes, mas o maior alerta foi associado com uma maior propor??o de falsas mem?rias. Este trabalho destaca a import?ncia de considerar as dimens?es emocionais e componentes de mem?ria epis?dica no estudo do efeito da emo??o sobre a mem?ria epis?dica, uma vez que eles interagem de forma complexa e independente

abstract: Most data cleaning systems aim to go from a given deterministic dirty database to another deterministic but clean database. Such an enterprise pre&ndash;supposes that it is in fact possible for the cleaning process to uniquely recover the clean versions of each dirty data tuple. This is not possible in many cases, where the most a cleaning system can do is to generate a (hopefully small) set of clean candidates for each dirty tuple. When the cleaning system is required to output a deterministic database, it is forced to pick one clean candidate (say the "most likely" candidate) per tuple. Such an approach can lead to loss of information. For example, consider a situation where there are three equally likely clean candidates of a dirty tuple. An appealing alternative that avoids such an information loss is to abandon the requirement that the output database be deterministic. In other words, even though the input (dirty) database is deterministic, I allow the reconstructed database to be probabilistic. Although such an approach does avoid the information loss, it also brings forth several challenges. For example, how many alternatives should be kept per tuple in the reconstructed database? Maintaining too many alternatives increases the size of the reconstructed database, and hence the query processing time. Second, while processing queries on the probabilistic database may well increase recall, how would they affect the precision of the query processing? In this thesis, I investigate these questions. My investigation is done in the context of a data cleaning system called BayesWipe that has the capability of producing multiple clean candidates per each dirty tuple, along with the probability that they are the correct cleaned version. I represent these alternatives as tuples in a tuple disjoint probabilistic database, and use the Mystiq system to process queries on it. This probabilistic reconstruction (called BayesWipe&ndash;PDB) is compared to a deterministic reconstruction (called BayesWipe&ndash;DET)&mdash;where the most likely clean candidate for each tuple is chosen, and the rest of the alternatives discarded. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.S. Computer Science 2013

With the possibility of connecting several computers and networks the necessity of protecting the whole data and machines from attackers (hackers) that try to get some confident information to use for their own benefit or just destroy or modify valuable information was born. At this point IDS appears to help users, companies or institutions to detect when they are getting compromised. This thesis will cover two main parts: the first one consists of an intense research study about the world of IDS and its environment. Subsequently, we will conclude this part with some points where IDS still needs to be questioned and show up desirable requirements for “the perfect” intrusion detection system. This “perfect” adjective can of course be discussed variously. The second part of the thesis approaches the implementation of the most used open source IDS: Snort. Some basic attacks on the machine where Snort is installed will be performed in order to make the future user see what kind of protection it ensures and the usability of this. There is a brief discussion about two of the main challenges in IDS will follow: analyzing big amounts of packets and encrypted traffic. Finally there are conclusions for a safe computer environment as well as the suggestion that some skilled programmer should give Snort a more friendly interface for every kind of users and a built in programme package which includes webserver, database and other libraries that are needed to run it properly with all its features.

AMANDA-II est un télescope à neutrinos composé d'un réseau tri-dimensionnel de senseurs optiques déployé dans la glace du Pôle Sud.<p>Son principe de détection repose sur la mise en évidence de particules secondaires chargées émises lors de l'interaction d'un neutrino de haute énergie (> 100 GeV) avec la matière environnant le détecteur, sur base de la détection de rayonnement Cerenkov.<p><p>Ce travail est basé sur les données enregistrées par AMANDA-II entre 2000 et 2006, afin de rechercher des sources cosmiques de neutrinos.<p>Le signal recherché est affecté d'un bruit de fond important de muons et de neutrinos issus de l'interaction du rayonnement cosmique primaire dans l'atmosphère. En se limitant à l'observation de l'hémisphère nord, le bruit de fond des muons atmosphériques, absorbés par la Terre, est éliminé.<p>Par contre, les neutrinos atmosphériques forment un bruit de fond irréductible constituant la majorité des 6100 événements sélectionnés pour cette analyse.<p>Il est cependant possible d'identifier une source ponctuelle de neutrinos cosmiques en recherchant un excès local se détachant du bruit de fond isotrope de neutrinos atmosphériques, couplé à une sélection basée sur l'énergie, dont le spectre est différent pour les deux catégories de neutrinos.<p><p>Une approche statistique originale est développée dans le but d'optimiser le pouvoir de détection de sources ponctuelles, tout en contrôlant le taux de fausses découvertes, donc le niveau de confiance d'une observation.<p>Cette méthode repose uniquement sur la connaissance de l'hypothèse de bruit de fond, sans aucune hypothèse sur le modèle de production de neutrinos par les sources recherchées. De plus, elle intègre naturellement la notion de facteur d'essai rencontrée dans le cadre de test d'hypothèses multiples.La procédure a été appliquée sur l'échantillon final d'évènements récoltés par AMANDA-II.<p><p>---------<p><p>MANDA-II is a neutrino telescope which comprises a three dimensional array of optical sensors deployed in the South Pole glacier. <p>Its principle rests on the detection of the Cherenkov radiation emitted by charged secondary particles produced by the interaction of a high energy neutrino (> 100 GeV) with the matter surrounding the detector.<p><p>This work is based on data recorded by the AMANDA-II detector between 2000 and 2006 in order to search for cosmic sources of neutrinos. A potential signal must be extracted from the overwhelming background of muons and neutrinos originating from the interaction of primary cosmic rays within the atmosphere.<p>The observation is limited to the northern hemisphere in order to be free of the atmospheric muon background, which is stopped by the Earth. However, atmospheric neutrinos constitute an irreducible background composing the main part of the 6100 events selected for this analysis.<p>It is nevertheless possible to identify a point source of cosmic neutrinos by looking for a local excess breaking away from the isotropic background of atmospheric neutrinos;<p>This search is coupled with a selection based on the energy, whose spectrum is different from that of the atmospheric neutrino background.<p><p>An original statistical approach has been developed in order to optimize the detection of point sources, whilst controlling the false discovery rate -- hence the confidence level -- of an observation. This method is based solely on the knowledge of the background hypothesis, without any assumption on the production model of neutrinos in sought sources. Moreover, the method naturally accounts for the trial factor inherent in multiple testing.The procedure was applied on the final sample of events collected by AMANDA-II. / Doctorat en Sciences / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

The greatest sea turtle nesting in the United States occurs in Florida, which accounts for more than 85% (Shoop et al, 1985). Five species of sea turtle have been documented nesting in Florida, including the loggerhead (Caretta caretta), green (Chelonia mydas), leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea), kemp’s ridley (Lepidochelys kempi), and hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata) sea turtles. In southeast Florida, the loggerhead is the most common nester. The distribution of loggerhead nest numbers laid in 85 survey zones stretching along Broward County beaches between the Palm Beach County line and the Port Everglades Inlet have been highly correlated for aver a decade (P<<0.001). This study attempted to understand the reasons for this distribution by evaluating the distributions of false crawls and nesting success rates from 2000 through 2010. The nest and false crawl patterns in the 85 beach zones were all highly correlated for all 11 years (P < 0.01). These strong positive correlations indicate that these turtles receive preemergence cues, such as visual or depth profile, to primarily determine their emergence locations. However, weaker correlations between yearly nesting and nesting success patterns indicate that on-beach (post-emergence) cues also play a less important role in nest site selection.