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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:30:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-08-18Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:00:41Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 figueiredo_fv_dr_jabo.pdf: 435317 bytes, checksum: 69fb7e009fc30d94a576f4bd9b3535a4 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A salmonelose é uma das doenças de origem alimentar mais freqüente e considerada uma das zoonoses mais relevantes para a saúde pública em todo o mundo. A Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) assinalou aumento alarmante de estirpes de Salmonella resistentes aos antibióticos devido ao seu uso abusivo em criações intensivas, especialmente nas aquícolas. Diante do exposto, o escopo deste trabalho foi o de isolar e identificar a resistência plasmidial em bactérias do gênero Salmonella, em amostras de água de dois ambientes estuarinos, um do Norte (Acaraú) e outro do Sul (Jaguaribe) do Estado do Ceará, ambos com atividades de carcinicultura. Durante sete meses, de novembro de 2006 a maio de 2007, foram coletadas 84 amostras de água dos dois estuários. A pesquisa de Salmonella seguiu a metodologia do “Bacteriological Analytical Manual”. As salmonelas foram testadas quanto à susceptibilidade a dez antimicrobianos: Ácido nalidíxico, Ampicilina, Ciprofloxacina, Ceftriazona, Cloranfenicol, Gentamicina, Imipenem, Nitrofurantoína, Sulfametoxazol e Tetraciclina. A Concentração Inibitória Mínima dos antibióticos seguiu a técnica de macrodiluição em caldo. Em atividade de base, mediu-se o pH, a temperatura e a salinidade da água. Foram confirmadas 103 cepas de Salmonella, 90 no Rio Acaraú e 13 no Rio Jaguaribe, pertencentes aos sorovares: S. Newport, S. Saintpaul, S. Panama, S. Rubislaw, S Albany, S. Anatum, S. Corvallis, S. Madelia. O Rio Acaraú apresentou-se mais contaminado do que o Rio Jaguaribe, onde foram encontradas cepas resistentes a antimicrobianos, com um percentual de 25% para resistência plasmidial, e 75% para a cromossômica. Esses resultados ressaltam dois problemas de saúde pública: a presença de cepas de Salmonella resistentes e a possibilidade de contaminação humana pelo consumo dos crustáceos. Somado a isso,... / Salmonellosis is one of the most common foodborne diseases, was considered and the most important for public health authorities throughout the world. The World Health Organization (WHO) recently drew attention to the rapid increase in Salmonella strains resistant to antibiotics employed in farming activities, especially in aquaculture. Thus, the objective of this study was to test the antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella strains isolated from water samples collected in the estuaries of the Acaraú and Jaguaribe rivers (respectively in the north and south of Ceará State, Brazil), both of which are subject to extensive shrimp farming. Eighty-four samples were collected between November 2006 and May 2007. The susceptibility tests were performed following the guidelines of the Bacteriological Analytical Manual (BAM). The strains were exposed to 10 different antibiotics: nalidixic acid, ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, imipenem, nitrofurantoin, sulfamethoxazole and tetracycline. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the antibiotics was determined with the broth macrodilution method. In base activity, mensure the factores as Temperature, salinity and pH values were registered for all water samples. One hundred three Salmonella strains were isolated (Acaraú n=90; Jaguaribe n=13) belonging to the serotypes S. Newport, S. Saintpaul, S. Panama, S. Rubislaw, S Albany, S. Anatum, S. Corvallis and S. Madelia. Thus, the Acaraú river was more severely contaminated than the Jaguaribe river, where strains resistant to antimicrobial were found in a rate of 25% to plasmid resistance and 75% to chromosomal resistance. These results show up two problems of public health: the presence of resistant strains of Salmonella and the possibility of human contamination though crustacean consumption. In addition to this,...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)