Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2000. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 246-260). Available also in a digital version from Dissertation Abstracts.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 1994. / Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (p. 293-308).

Esta dissertação tem como objetivo o estudo comparativo entre três textos de memórias de infância: dois argentinos, El archipiélago, de Victoria Ocampo (1979) e Cuadernos de infancia, de Norah Lange (1937), e outro brasileiro: Infância de Graciliano Ramos (1945). A análise sobre a configuração das narrativas nestes livros indaga como a recuperação do espaço delineia a reconstrução do passado com enfoque nas temáticas comuns às memórias de infância escola, família, nascimento e morte e os questionamentos das crianças e adultos sobre estes assuntos. / This work aims to a comparative study among three texts of childhood memories: two Argentinians, El Archipiélago (1979), from Victoria Ocampo and Cuadernos de infancia (1937), from Norah Lange and another Brazilian: Infância (1945), from Graciliano Ramos. The analysis of the narrative configuration in these books ask the space recovery outlines the reconstruction of the past with a focus on the common themes of the childhood memories - school, family, birth and death - and the questioning of children and adults about these issues.

The exotic plant Lantana camara L. has invaded the riparian areas of the Victoria Falls World Heritage Site in Livingstone, southern Zambia, threatening native plant communities which support populations of species of special concern. I trialled the mechanical control method of manual uprooting and 3 different herbicides applied through paint brushing of an imazapyr concentrate at 250g. l¯¹, spraying on cut stumps with metsulfron methyl at 600g.l¯¹, and foliar spraying on re-emergent lantana foliage with glyphosate at a dosage of 166g. l¯¹ in July 2008 in 20 100m2 treatment plots, 5 invaded control plots and 5 uninvaded controls. Follow-up treatments for re-sprouting lantana stumps and emerging seedlings were undertaken in June 2009. I measured effectiveness of the methods using adult lantana mortality in June 2009 and lantana seedling density in the different treatment plots during the follow-up exercise. The cost of the various methods and human labour applied were compared across the four treatments at initial clear and at follow-up. All treatments recorded a high adult lantana mortality rate, though there were no significant differences in lantana adult mortality amongst the treatments. Overall, uprooting had the highest adult mortality, followed by imazapyr, metsulfron and lastly glyphosate. Germination of lantana seedlings after clearing was high for all treatments but with no significant differences occurring between the treatments. Both adult lantana mortality and seedling density were however significantly different from the control. With labour included, chemical costs were far higher relative to uprooting, though uprooting costs were the highest when it came to the follow-up because of the emerging seedlings and some resprouting stumps. The effects of mechanical and chemical treatments on vegetation composition in the cleared areas were also assessed in order to detect any non-target and medium term effects of treatments. Contrary to expectation, none of the chemicals showed any significant effects on vegetation composition in the short and medium-term and no significant differences were found in plant species richness, diversity and seedling density between invaded and uninvaded plots at baseline, in October 2008 and in September 2009. In order to determine potential for unaided vegetation recovery in the riparian areas of the study site after lantana clearing, I conducted an investigation of soil seed banks and seed rain using 60 seed bank samples measuring 1800m³ collected from 30 invaded and uninvaded plots. Using the seedling emergence method, 1, 991 seedlings belonging to 66 species representing 27 families germinated from the seed bank. Sedges (Cyperaceae family) were the most abundant taxa in the seed banks from invaded areas, followed by Ageratum conyzoides, lantana, Triumfetta annua and Achyranthes aspera which also occurred in the uninvaded soil seed banks. The seed banks from uninvaded plots were dominated by the grass Oplismenus hirtellus. Overall, species richness, diversity and seedling density from seed banks in invaded areas did not differ significantly from seed bank in uninvaded areas and there was a low similarity in species composition when above ground vegetation was compared to seed banks from invaded and uninvaded areas. It would appear if natural regeneration occured from the current seed bank in disturbed areas, future vegetation would largely comprise of short lived, early successional species in the short term as the seed bank is dominated by non-native herbaceous weedy species. From the seed traps investigating seed rain, a total of 27 species numbering 623 individual seeds were found in the thirty 1m² seedtraps distributed in invaded and uninvaded areas at the five sites, over an intermittent period of three months. Lantana had the highest monthly arrival rate in the seed traps followed by Phoenix reclinata and Ricinus communis. The number of species with invasive potential found in the seed traps located in invaded areas was more than that found in seed traps under native vegetation cover by far. Considerable forest remnants still occur around the invaded sites, and these could serve as an important source for long-term natural re-establishment of native vegetation if seed availability by animals and wind dispersal continues, while the re-invasion of lantana is prevented by ongoing follow-ups and futher clearing of lantana invaded areas. It is concluded that while uprooting and other treatments are effective in the control of lantana, its successful control in the Victoria Falls World Heritage Site will require extensive clearing to keep it from reinvading infested areas after clearing as shown by the seed rain data. The high seedling density of lantana in the seed banks and in the cleared areas shows the need for ongoing follow-up in order to deplete soil stored seed banks. There is need for longer term research to establish what the exact follow-up requirements are in order to contain lantana re-infestation and create favourable micro-sites for native species to establish. It is predicted that ongoing lantana control in the cleared plots will most likely initiate long-term community recovery.

The Nile perch, Lates niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758), is a predacious freshwater fish widely distributed throughout the Afro-tropic eco-zone. The species was introduced to Lake Victoria in the early 1950s and by 1980 it had dominated the fisheries of Lake Victoria. This was followed by a dramatic decrease in the Nile perch fisheries production due to uncontrolled exploitation. The purpose of this thesis is to provide fundamental knowledge that can be applied in aquaculture and fisheries management through the study of the reproductive biology of L. niloticus. The research was aimed at the studying of the diverse aspects of the reproductive biology of L. niloticus in the Lake Victoria, Ugandan populations. This included reproductive patterns in relation to proximate environmental conditions, size at sexual maturity, gonad and gamete structure, gametogenesis and induced ovulation. The size at 50% sexual maturity for female Nile perch was 59.4 cm, which is lower than the earlier reported size of greater than 90 cm total length. Male L. niloticus matured at 57.8 cm total length in Lake Victoria. Microscopy revealed that L. niloticus from Lake Victoria had one spawning period that started in November and ended in March. Type I atresia occurred at high frequency from March to June, and type III atresia was present from July to September and between November and December. Spermatogenesis in L. niloticus is cystic and sperm development is the result of asynchronous activation of the germ cells. Type II spermatozoa are simple, uni-flagellate aquasperm with no acrosome. Oogenesis in L. niloticus differed from that of other fishes in that no cortical alveoli were present in any stage of oogenesis. Numerous oil globules were present in the primary yolk vesicle stage. This formed one centrally positioned, large oil globule in the tertiary yolk vesicle oocytes during final oocyte maturation. Clove oil was an effective sedative and an anaesthetic for the handling of L. niloticus. Induction time was more rapid at clove oil concentrations of 50 - 100 μl L⁻¹ than in fish exposed to clove oil concentrations less than 50 μl L⁻¹. Fish exposed to high concentrations exhibited significantly short induction times of less than 240 seconds. On average, fish recovered within 673 ± 58 seconds for all the concentrations used. Prolonged exposure of L. niloticus to low clove oil concentrations of 2.5 - 10 μl L⁻¹ did not change the blood plasma cortisol, glucose, and the lactate and chloride ion concentration, relative to the control treatment. Captive breeding was attempted by conducting induced spawning experiments. Only final oocyte maturation was achieved using a decapeptide Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (Dargin, sGnRH-MET), combined with a water-soluble dopamine receptor antagonist metoclopramide. This thesis suggests a research approach that provides a basis for aquaculture of the new species by first studying reproductive biology patterns and then linking the information to gonad and gamete structure so that spawning times can be estimated. It further provides insights into aspects of the reproductive biology of the species and the effects of hormonal intervention on oocytes by showing at which stage of oocyte development hormones should be applied in L. niloticus. Clove oil can be used to sedate and anaesthetise L. niloticus broodfish to reduce the stress related to the handling of large specimens.

La presente investigación tiene como finalidad analizar la influencia del uso de las actividades del marketing en redes sociales (Facebook e Instagram) en la intención de compra en Mypes de prendas de vestir en Gamarra. Para ello, se seleccionó el modelo de Sharma, Singh, Kujur y Das (2020), el cual tiene una estructura definida y validada, desarrolla las actividades en base a cinco elementos del Social Media Marketing Activities (SMMA) y cómo influyen ellos en la intención de compra (PI). El estudio posee un enfoque cuantitativo de alcance descriptivo y correlacional. Para la recolección de información, se aplicaron dos tipos de herramientas entre las cuales se encuentran: las entrevistas a profundidad a expertos en marketing digital y a especialistas del sector; así como, 307 encuestas aplicadas a seguidores de páginas de Facebook y/o Instagram de tiendas de prendas de vestir en Gamarra. De acuerdo a la información analizada en los modelos Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio (CFA) y Modelo de Ecuaciones Estructurales (SEM), mediante el uso del programa SPSS y su extensión AMOS, se identificó que el principal hallazgo es que las SMMA poseen relación positiva y fuerte respecto a la intención de compra con un valor de 0.058 y un chi cuadrado de 55%. Ello explica el efecto que causan las SMMA en el PI, y las subvariables más valoradas por los participantes son: Informatividad (Info), Personalización (Pers) e Interactividad (Inter).

Abstract not available

Abstract not available

La presente investigación analiza el proceso de negociación e intentos de implementación del Proyecto “Tierra Prometida” durante la gestión de la alcaldesa Susana Villarán en la Municipalidad Metropolitana de Lima. El proyecto planteaba la reubicación de cerca de 2 000 comerciantes ambulantes ubicados en las inmediaciones del Mercado Mayorista “La Parada” (en adelante, MM1) en La Victoria en el marco su reubicación, en el 2011, al nuevo Gran Mercado Mayorista de Lima en Santa Anita. El proyecto, sin embargo, no se llegó a concretar durante la gestión de Villarán y, actualmente, 5 años después, tampoco hay señales de que esto ocurra. El estudio se enfoca en la relación entre los actores políticos y sociales involucrados en el proyecto durante los últimos tres años de la gestión de Villarán (2012-2014). Así, se busca responder en qué medida las dificultades en este proceso, en particular entre la MML y los comerciantes ambulantes, incidieron en la realización del proyecto. Para ello, se reconstruye la ruta del proyecto a partir de un enfoque de “rastreo de procesos” (Mahoney, 2007) tanto desde documentos públicos e internos de la gestión y noticias en los medios de comunicación como desde los actores involucrados en las distintas etapas del mismo, siendo claves los funcionarios municipales y regidores del Concejo Municipal durante la gestión y los representantes de los comerciantes minoristas. Los hallazgos dan luces a la relación que se establece entre el Estado y los comerciantes ambulantes en los proyectos de formalización del comercio ambulatorio en la ciudad

Después que el ex Mercado Mayorista Número 1 fue removido por la autoridad municipal, La Parada ha cobrado visibilidad. No obstante, su problemática, que atañe a la ciudad y sus autoridades, ha sido abordada de manera general, parcial y homogenizante. Debido a ello, el estudio de caso se enfoca en las comerciantes ambulantes que pertenecen a la asociación “Húsares de la Pampa de Productos Perecibles”, ubicados en la avenida 28 de Julio, Cercado de Lima. Se observó prácticas políticas locales, tomando en cuenta su funcionamiento, manejo, y administración de la organización, a partir de relaciones espaciales donde se desarrolla la vida cotidiana y laboral de estas personas, habitada de solidaridad y cooperación, así como también del conflicto entre ellos. La metodología empleada fue de enfoque cualitativo, que permitió una adecuada aproximación a la naturaleza de los problemas y necesidades del grupo. A la vez, permitió explorar contextos en los que opera las relaciones espaciales como parte de la convivencia y el trabajo. Para todo esto se utilizó técnicas de recojo de información como: observación participante, entrevistas a profundidad, revisión de registros escritos y/o periodísticos. La investigación ratifica la importancia de la asociación, tanto para la producción del espacio de trabajo como para la reproducción de las relaciones espaciales allí desarrolladas. Estas prácticas políticas reflejarán aspectos organizacionales, así como del proceso de deliberación para la toma de decisiones, dentro de dinámicas formales y no formales al interior del grupo y con los cuales manejarán sus diferencias a través de consensos.