A industria química e também a área de prospeção de petróleo utilizam freqüentemente muitas suspensões sólido-líquido de comportamento reológico não-newtoniano com tensão residual, que é um valor crítico abaixo do qual o fluido escoa sem deformação. Essa característica exige o uso de modelos reológicos mais sofisticados para descrever o seu comportamento fluido-dinâmico. _________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT: Several solid-liquid suspensions frequently encountered in chemical industry and also in oil well drilling operations exhibit a non-Newtonian behavior with an yield stress, a critical value of stress below which they do not flow. Due to the real conditions usually verified, it is important to master calculations techniques involve the laminar also the transitional and turbulent flow regimes.

Orientador: Chang-Yu Liu / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Campinas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-14T09:08:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ebinuma_CarlosDaniel_M.pdf: 784276 bytes, checksum: f19e73c707552039ceb7c44ca38cf3b0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1981 / Resumo: O problema da condensação pelicular laminar sobre uma parede vertical foi resolvido através da aplicação da Teoria da Camada Limite. Um parâmetro de velocidade adimensional ß, que é proporcional à velocidade normal variável na parede Vp e a coordenada longitudinal (xl/4) é definido para caracterizar o processo. Quando ß < O tem-se sucção e quando ß > O tem-se injeção. As equações diferenciais parciais da camada limite, através de uma trans formação de similaridade, são reduzidos em equações diferenciais ordinárias. O efeito da sucção e injeção variável sobre a transferência de calor, perfis de velocidades e temperaturas, espessura da película, razão de condensação e tensão de cisalhamento na parede é de mostrado através de vários exemplos, para Prandt1 1, 10 e 100. / Abstract: The problem of laminar film condensation on a vertical wall has been solved by the application of Boundary Layer Theory. A dimensionless velocity parameter ß, which is proportional to, the variable normal velocity Vp and longitudinal coordinate (xl/4) is defined to characterize the process. When ß < O has suction and ß > O has injection. The partial differential equations of Boundary Layer, through a similarity transformation, is reduced to ordinary differential equations. The effects of variable suction and injection heat transfer, velocity and temperature profiles, film thickness, condensation rate and shearing stress on the wall are demonstrated through various examples to Prandt1 numbers 1, 10 and 100. / Mestrado / Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

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Gasoline is a complex fuel containing hundreds of species, and, therefore, it is quite difficult to model all components present in gasoline. Alternatively, researchers tend to employ simpler surrogates that mimic targeted physical and chemical properties of gasoline. Two properties of gasoline, i.e., autoignition and laminar flame speed, play key role in the overall performance of spark-ignition and modern engines. For fuel-engine optimization, it is very important to have simple models which can accurately predict autoignition and laminar flame speed of gasoline. In this work, universal laminar flame speed correlation is proposed for typical gasolines. This correlation is based on Monte-Carlo simulations of randomly generated mixtures comprising of 21 gasoline-relevant molecules. Laminar flame speed of each molecule is numerically computed over a wide range of thermodynamic conditions using detailed chemical kinetic models, while flame speed of each mixture is estimated using a mixing rule. The proposed universal correlation is validated against experimentally-measured laminar flame speed of various gasoline fuels.

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