O CLT (Cross Laminated Timber) ou MLCC (Madeira Laminada Colada Cruzada) é um painel compósito estrutural formado por lamelas de madeira unidas com adesivos próprios para uso estrutural, com as camadas montadas de maneira perpendicular à camada anterior. É utilizado como elemento estrutural principal em edificações térreas e multipavimentos por ter características estruturais semelhantes ao concreto armado. Os objetivos gerais deste trabalho foram desenvolver uma metodologia de ensaios para a caracterização estrutural de painéis de MLCC visando a contribuição para a normatização do produto no Brasil e o estudo da rigidez de um painel modelo. Foi fabricado um painel com dimensões estruturais utilizando madeira de Pinus elliotti e adesivo estrutural à base de melamina-ureia formaldeído. Os ensaios mecânicos realizados foram adequados para caracterização estrutural de painéis de MLCC e podem compor uma futura normatização. Os valores de rigidez para o painel avaliado apresentaram módulo de elasticidade abaixo dos especificados pela norma americana ANSI/APA PGR 320 e pela especificação técnica europeia ETA06/0138, porém os módulos de rigidez do rolling shear e de compressão obtiveram valores similares aos recomendados. / The CLT (Cross Laminated Timber) is a structural composite panel formed by wooden slats together with own stickers for structural use, with the layers mounted perpendicular to the previous layer. It is used as the main structural element in single-story buildings with one or more floors for having structural features similar to reinforced concrete. The aims of this study were to develop a test methodology for structural characterization of MLCC panels aimed at contributing to the standardization of the product in Brazil and the study of rigidity of a panel model. A panel with structural dimensions using wood of Pinus elliotti and structural adhesive melamine urea formaldehyde base was manufactured. The mechanical tests were suitable for structural characterization of MLCC panels and can compose a future standardization. The stiffness values reported for the modulus of elasticity panel presented below specified by the US standard ANSI/APA PGR 320 and the European Technical Specification ETA06/0138, but the stiffness of the rolling shear and compression modules obtained similar to recommended values.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004. Directed by Mark G. Allen. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 155-166).

No description available.

Low velocity impact behaviour of bi-layered laminates of acrylic and polycarbonate was investigated using a combination of drop tower impact experiments and explicit finite element analysis in LS-DYNA. Material characterisation tests were conducted in tension and in compression to obtain material properties for input to the material model in the numerical analysis. Quasistatic plate bending tests were conducted at different loading rates to compare the quasistatic response of the materials to the impact behaviour. Impact tests on circular plates of monolithic acrylic and polycarbonate were carried out using an instrumented drop weight impact tester. The impact force histories were recorded and a multiparameter approach was used to determine critical energy. Acrylic exhibited radial cracking, spalling and pene- tration while polycarbonate underwent large deformation and failed by dishing and plugging. The damage caused by impact in the bilayered laminate included partial or full delamination at the interface and radial cracks in the acrylic layer. The low velocity impact responses were simulated using 8-noded solid elements in LS- DYNA. A node-splitting technique based on maximum tensile stress failure criterion and an erosion approach based on maximum principal stress criteria was used to model the failure of acrylic. A material model that takes into account the asym- metric behaviour in tension and compression was investigated. The delamination between the acrylic and polycarbonate plate was modelled by a tiebreak contact with a shear strength based failure. The results of the finite element simulations are in good agreement with the experimental data.

Thesis (M.S.)--Michigan State University. Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2008. / Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on July 29, 2009) Includes bibliographical references (p. 108-110). Also issued in print.

Thesis (M.S.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, Thomas J. Watson School of Engineering and Applied Science, Department of Systems Science and Industrial Engineering, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references.

O CLT (Cross Laminated Timber) ou MLCC (Madeira Laminada Colada Cruzada) é um painel compósito estrutural formado por lamelas de madeira unidas com adesivos próprios para uso estrutural, com as camadas montadas de maneira perpendicular à camada anterior. É utilizado como elemento estrutural principal em edificações térreas e multipavimentos por ter características estruturais semelhantes ao concreto armado. Os objetivos gerais deste trabalho foram desenvolver uma metodologia de ensaios para a caracterização estrutural de painéis de MLCC visando a contribuição para a normatização do produto no Brasil e o estudo da rigidez de um painel modelo. Foi fabricado um painel com dimensões estruturais utilizando madeira de Pinus elliotti e adesivo estrutural à base de melamina-ureia formaldeído. Os ensaios mecânicos realizados foram adequados para caracterização estrutural de painéis de MLCC e podem compor uma futura normatização. Os valores de rigidez para o painel avaliado apresentaram módulo de elasticidade abaixo dos especificados pela norma americana ANSI/APA PGR 320 e pela especificação técnica europeia ETA06/0138, porém os módulos de rigidez do rolling shear e de compressão obtiveram valores similares aos recomendados. / The CLT (Cross Laminated Timber) is a structural composite panel formed by wooden slats together with own stickers for structural use, with the layers mounted perpendicular to the previous layer. It is used as the main structural element in single-story buildings with one or more floors for having structural features similar to reinforced concrete. The aims of this study were to develop a test methodology for structural characterization of MLCC panels aimed at contributing to the standardization of the product in Brazil and the study of rigidity of a panel model. A panel with structural dimensions using wood of Pinus elliotti and structural adhesive melamine urea formaldehyde base was manufactured. The mechanical tests were suitable for structural characterization of MLCC panels and can compose a future standardization. The stiffness values reported for the modulus of elasticity panel presented below specified by the US standard ANSI/APA PGR 320 and the European Technical Specification ETA06/0138, but the stiffness of the rolling shear and compression modules obtained similar to recommended values.

No description available.

No description available.

Within the past several years, researchers have detected the presence of a third “phase” between the bulk fiber phase and bulk matrix phase in a polymeric matrix composite. This finite-thickness region — termed the interphase — possesses mechanical, physical, and chemical properties that are distinct from the fiber and matrix constituents. Thus, the interphase embodies the characteristics of the fiber/matrix bond, including the strength and stiffness of the bond. In essence, the interphase represents the composite system, since it defines the level of synergistic interaction that occurs between the load-carrying fibers and the binding matrix material. Recent interest in the interphase has spawned international conferences and a technical journal devoted to its study. Despite this spate of research, some very fundamental questions about the interphase have remained unanswered. One such question is: “What is best for the performance of a composite, a strong or weak or intermediate-strength interphase?” It is surprising that this question is even asked, since, until recently, it had been assumed that the stronger the fiber/matrix bond, the better the composite behavior. It is now known that this adage is far from true. Two formidable challenges await those who wish to correlate the strength of the interphase to the mechanical performance of polymeric matrix composite materials. First, one seeks to systematically alter the interphase in order to exploit this variable. In this study, fourteen material systems representing permutations of four carbon fibers, three matrix systems, percentages of fiber surface treatment, and three sizing conditions have been examined. Secondly, one needs to quantitatively characterize the properties of the resultant interphase in order to correlate the bond condition to the composite’s mechanical behavior. This investigation utilizes two techniques, the Continuous Ball Indentation Test and transverse flexure testing, as a means of interrogating the strength of the interphase. The influence of the interphase on the tensile and compressive strength and modulus of crossplied laminates possessing a center hole is investigated. Unnotched angle-ply ([±45]_ns) laminates are also tested in order to assess the role of the interphase in the strength of a “matrix-dominated” laminate. Fully-reversed (R =-1), axial fatigue of notched cross-plied laminates from each of the fourteen material systems 1s performed. During fatigue testing several data are monitored, including cycles to failure, dynamic modulus, and notch temperature. The tension-tension (R= 0.1) fatigue response of the unnotched angle-ply laminates is also studied. Results from X-ray radiography of fatigue-damaged specimens help to explain the relationship between the interphase and the initiation and propagation of life-critical damage mechanisms. Having observed the formative role played by the interphase in the performance of these laminates, an attempt is made to introduce variables representing the interphase into micromechanical models of composite behavior. / Ph. D.