Orientador: Regina Célia de Oliveira / Acompanhado de 15 mapas (folhas soltas dobradas) acondicionados em bolso (figuras 6 a 20) e 1 CD com mapas / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociências / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T08:42:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gigliotti_MarcelodaSilva_M.pdf: 91402353 bytes, checksum: df25f7157b8f7ea8786bd8f3080f1090 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: As regiões litorâneas constituem áreas de grande fragilidade e vulnerabilidade devido aos processos naturais predominantes, sendo, portanto, áreas muito instáveis. A intensa intervenção antrópica em zonas de tamanha fragilidade vem maximizar os níveis de instabilidade dos sistemas naturais promovendo situações de risco associados, por exemplo, a processos gravitacionais de movimentos de massa e mesmo a enchentes e inundações. A Região Metropolitana da Baixada Santista está inserida sobre uma estrutura de relevo bastante complexa, apresentando duas dinâmicas distintas, uma relacionada à zona de Serrania com altos índices de declividade, podendo chegar aos 45°graus, suscetível a processos gravitacionais relacionados a movimento de massa. A outra dinâmica observada é aquela associada a zonas de planícies costeiras, sujeitas a inundações periódicas, com lençol freático pouco profundo e sedimentos inconsolidados sujeitos a acomodações constantes. Em virtude do cenário, este trabalho tem como proposta a execução de um estudo de Zoneamento Geombiental para a totalidade da Região da Baixada Santista- SP, utilizando a metodologia proposta por Rodriguez, Silva e Cavalcanti (2002) da Geoecologia da Paisagem. Por meio do levantamento e análise de dados do quadro natural e sócio-econômico, pretende-se definir o quadro de unidades geoambientais da área de estudo em escala 1:100.000 como produto final. Considera-se que os resultados deste trabalho possam contribuir para subsidiar os planos de uso e ocupação do solo, observando as fragilidades naturais diagnosticadas na área, com o objetivo de minimizar o quadro de impactos ambientais observados na área, que conjuga a dinâmica de funcionamento de inúmeros sistemas naturais com níveis diversos de fragilidade e um importante uso de terra que remonta ao inicio de ocupação do território nacional / Abstract: The coastal regions are great fragility and vulnerability areas in which natural processes predominate, and are therefore very unstable areas. The intense human intervention in such fragile áreas maximizes the natural systems instability levels by promoting risk situations associated with, for example, the gravitational mass movements processes and even the floods. The Metropolitan Region of Baixada Santista is involved on a very complex relief structure, with two distinct dynamics, an area related to mountainous ground with high slope, which can reach 45 degrees, susceptible to gravitational processes related to mass movement. The other dynamic observed is associated with areas of coastal plains, subject to periodic flooding, with shallow ground water and unconsolidated sediments subjected to constant accommodation. Under this scenario, this paper proposes the implementation of a study of Geoenvironmental Zoning for the entire region of Santos-SP, using the methodology proposed by Rodriguez, Cavalcanti and Silva (2002) of the Landscape Geoecology, by natural and socio-economic status data aqquisition and analysis, seeking to define the framework for geoenvironmental units of the study area at 1:100,000 scale as the final product. It is considered that the results of this study may help to subsidize use plans and land use considering the natural weaknesses diagnosed in the area, to minimize the environmental impacts context observed in the area that combines the many levels of fragility natural systems functioning dynamic with important land use dating back to the beginning of the territory occupation / Mestrado / Análise Ambiental e Dinâmica Territorial / Mestre em Geografia

Orientador: Archimedes Perez Filho / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociencias / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-15T01:28:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Macia_ClementeJose_M.pdf: 4248296 bytes, checksum: e3b11f6049f394ac398421fa698ebc7d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: A região em estudo compreende as sub-bacias dos rios Changalane e Mazimunhama, afluentes do rio Tembe, situadas na província de Maputo, zona Sul de Moçambique. Esta região é reconhecida pelas autoridades administrativas nacionais e provinciais como estando sob pressão de uso agropecuário, desmatamento devido à exploração desenfreada das florestas, queimadas, pecuária extensiva de bovinos e caprinos. Estes fatos estão trazendo e acentuando problemas sócio-ambientais, nomeadamente, insegurança alimentar, baixa produtividade das culturas, erosão e assoreamento dos cursos de água. A avaliação e determinação da capacidade do uso das terras numa bacia hidrográfica são de vital importância para o planejamento e uso racional do solo e outros recursos da terra, dado que o uso inadequado e sem observância da sua capacidade do suporte tem provocado sua degradação. A partir de avaliações dos elementos do meio físico e das atividades desenvolvidas na região compreendidas entre as bacias de Chanagalane e Mazimunhama, com destaque para as de agropecuárias, fez-se uma avaliação das terras, pelo sistema de capacidade de uso, conjugado com as classes de manejo do sistema de aptidão agrícola das terras, a fim de atender ao planejamento e conservação dos recursos da terra e minimizar os problemas ambientais decorrentes do seu uso inadequado. Os dados foram gerados e integrados no SIG Arcinfo/Arcgis 9.2. Os planos de informação para entrada e cruzamento no SIG foram a carta de solos, cartas topográficas (Classes de declives) e uso das terras. Este último componente foi obtido por processamento digital de imagens ASTER. As análises permitiram concluir que a unidades de solos Bv (Basaltos vermelhos) de textura francoargilo- arenoso que ocorrem em declive plano (0-3%) cobrem a maior parte área de estudo com 172.8 km2 (30.1%); este solo foi avaliado como classe IIIs-p/f no sistema de capacidade de uso e 2ab(c) no sistema de avaliação para a aptidão agrícola, mostrando que é um solo adequado para o cultivo de culturas anuais e até perenes, porém têm problemas ligados a profundidade efetiva dos solos e à baixa fertilidade. Por causa da limitante profundidade não é recomendável o uso de mecanização pesada. A segunda unidade de solos que ocupa uma área considerável da área em estudo é a dos solos coluvionares (C) com 154.9 Km2 (26.9%) que ocorrem em relevo suave ondulado a ondulado e estão inclusos na subclasse IVs-sl/so. Estes solos são limitados pela salinidade e sodicidade e risco de inundação. / Abstract: The study area consists of the sub-basins of the Changalane and Mazimunhama rivers, tributaries of the Tembe river, situated in the Maputo province of Southern Mozambique. The region is recognized by the national and provincial authorities as being under pressure from: agricultural use, deforestation due to uncontrolled exploitation of forests, forest fires and the farming of cattle and goats. These factors are creating and exacerbating social and environmental problems, in particular: food insecurity, low crop yields, erosion and siltation of water courses. The evaluation and determination of land use capacity in a hydrographic basin is of vital importance to the planning and rational use of soil and other terrestrial resources given that misuse and disregard of this capacity lead to degradation. From an evaluation of the physical environment and the activities undertaken in the Chanagalane and Mazimunhama basin regions, especially those concerning argiculture, an assessment was made of the land use capability by combining the concepts of system management and agricultural fitness. The purpose of this evaluation was to address the issues of land-use planning and conservation in particular by minimizing the environmental problems arising from misuse. The data were generated and integrated using GIS Arcinfo/Arcgis 9.2. The information layers used included maps of both soil and topography (slope classes) as well a land use map. The latter component was obtained by the digital processing of ASTER images. The analysis showed that the Bv (Basaltos vermelhos) soil units, with a loam-clay-sandy texture, occur on the plains (slope; 0-3%) and cover most of the study area (172.8 km2, 30.1%). This soil was rated as Class IIIs-p/f when evaluated using the land-use capability system 2ab(c), indicating that it is adequate for the cultivation of annual and even perennial crops. However there exist problems regarding the depth of the soil and its low fertility, because of this limited depth it is not recommended to use heavy mechanization. The second soil unit, which occupies a considerable portion of the study area (154.9 km2, 26.9%), consists of the coluvionares soils (C). They occur in regions with mildly to considerably undulating relief and are included in the subclass IVs-sl/so. These soils are limited by their salinity, sodicity and flood risk. / Mestrado / Análise Ambiental e Dinâmica Territorial / Mestre em Geografia

Orientadores: Regina Célia de Oliveira, Maurício Santana Moreau / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociências / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T10:36:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Araujo_ItatianaClaudiaBarbosa_M.pdf: 5089874 bytes, checksum: e917d2e24e8c6571221a63677a3719b9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: O município de Ilhéus, situado na Costa do Cacau no sul do Estado da Bahia, apresenta ricos ecossistemas terrestres e aquáticos, incluindo praias arenosas, manguezais, restingas entre outros. Esta região encontrase em permanente transformação, constituindo um ambiente dinâmico e complexo, que sofre influência direta dos agentes oceanográficos, fluviais, meteorológicos e da ação humana através, do turismo, tornando se alvo de especulação imobiliária, instalação de projetos industriais, obras de engenharia, empreendimento portuário, entre outros, podendo levá-la a constantes modificações em sua estrutura sócio-ambiental, pois a partir de 1975 a área de estudo sofreu significativas transformações em razão das alterações tanto na zona continental pelo aumento do processo de urbanização, como no limite de costa que obedece a uma mudança na recepção dos fluxos continentais acrescidos pela instalação portuária. Neste contexto, a aplicação de um zoneamento ambiental para totalidade do município de Ilhéus, justificase na busca de um maior entendimento dos mecanismos que regem os sistemas ambientais. Tendo como perspectiva apontar zonas que apresentem características diversas de funcionamento e que podem vir a apresentar comportamento conflitante quando associado a usos inadequados podendo definir quadros de impactos ambientais. O estudo dessa natureza pode vir a auxiliar na tomada de decisões quanto ao uso e ocupação das terras, minimizando situações de impacto. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo principal propor um zoneamento ambiental para o município de Ilhéus (BA) na escala de 1:100.000, com o objetivo de compreender as organizações espaciais norteada pela abordagem sistêmica e pelos procedimentos metodológicos de Rodriguez Silva e Cavalcanti (2002). Para tanto tem-se a construção de importante documentação cartográfica e texto técnico-ciêntifico direcionado ao planejamento, definindo como produto final o Zoneamento Ambiental para a totalidade da área de estudo / Abstract: The city of Ilheus, located in the Cocoa Coast in the southern state of Bahia has rich terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, including sandy beaches, mangroves, salt marshes and others. This region is constantly changing, providing a dynamic and complex, which is under direct influence of agents oceanographic, river, weather and through human action, tourism, becoming the target of speculation, installation of industrial projects, works engineering, port development, among others, can take it to constant changes in its socio-environmental, because from 1975 the study area has undergone significant changes because of changes both in the continental rise in the urbanization process, as on the edge of the coast which follows a change in the reception of continental flows plus the port facility. In this context, the application of an environmental zoning for the entire city of Ilheus, is justified in seeking a greater understanding of the mechanisms governing environmental systems. From a perspective point areas with different characteristics of operation and that may have conflicting behavior when associated with improper use may develop frameworks to environmental impacts. The study of this nature might assist in making decisions regarding the use and occupation of land, minimizing impact situations. This paper aims to propose a major environmental zoning for the city of Ilheus (BA) on a scale of 1:100,000, in order to understand the spatial organizations guided by a systemic approach and the methodological procedures of Silva Rodriguez and Cavalcanti (2002) . To do so has been the construction of important cartographic and text aimed at the technical and scientific planning, defining how the final product environmental zoning for the entire study area / Mestrado / Análise Ambiental e Dinâmica Territorial / Mestre em Geografia

The rainbow parrotfish Scarus guacamaia is a prominent herbivore in the coastal waters of southeastern Florida whose life history is strongly linked to a dependence on both mangrove and coral reef habitats. Rainbow parrotfish in turn serve in maintaining the health of coral reefs by keeping algal populations in check. This study used NOAA Fisheries data from the Mangrove Visual Census and the Reef Visual Census in Biscayne Bay and Upper Florida Bay. Observations of abiotic factors at individual sites were used to correlate and predict presence and absence of this species. This was done to visualize habitat presence and ontogenetic shifts present in this species between juvenile and adult stages through ArcGIS mapping. Logistic regression analysis was used to predict presence or absence using the environmental variables of temperature, dissolved oxygen, salinity, average depth, distance from channel openings, mangrove presence, temperature Δ, and salinity Δ. Average depth, distance from channel openings, temperature Δ and salinity Δ were significant in predicting the presence of this species, while salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen, and mangrove presence were not. Conservation efforts for this species, listed as vulnerable under the IUCN, need to be given greater consideration. The health of this and other parrotfish may have a greater impact on coral reef ecosystems across the Caribbean Sea than currently acknowledged and management breadth and priorities should be adjusted to reflect this role.

The question which this thesis addresses is how authority or responsibility for decision making influences the planning process. Planning is defined as a process which guides change, is future oriented, leads to action, is on-going, is linked to politics and is socially acceptable. The process consists of a series of sequential steps including goal formulation, identification and evaluation of alternatives, selection of appropriate alternatives, and implementation and evaluation of alternatives. Three authority models of planning are discussed. They represent three points on a continuum. The Central Authority Model (CAM) is at one end of the continuum and is characterized by a strong well defined central authority which makes all decisions. At the other end of the continuum is the Participatory Adaptive Model (PAM). It is characterized by decentralized authority and the inclusion of impacted interests in all steps of the planning process. The third model discussed, the Lead Agency Model (LAM), lies in the middle of the continuum. It incorporates elements from both of the other models. Authority is somewhat decentralized but decision making is still the responsibility of a well defined authority. The public is, however, included in the planning process to a degree. A case study of 7-Utes Mountain, located in the northern Colorado Rockies, is presented. Proposals have been submitted to develop the mountain as a destination ski resort. Several levels of government are responsible for making land use decisions for 7-Utes Mountain. Each level of government has a different approach to decision making. Those different approaches have influenced the land use decisions which have been made regarding the mountain's development or, in this case, non-development. The decision making approaches used by the different levels of government closely parallel the three authority models of planning. The case study can therefore be defined in a planning context by the models and the results of the planning processes can be analyzed. It is the conclusion of this work that while each of the models has merit and can be successfully applied, none is by itself appropriate in every circumstance. In fact, more than one model may be necessary to achieve optimal land use decisions. Further, the models must be flexible to account for unanticipated events. Successful planning can be measured by its ability to educate participants and/or result in action. If the plan which results from the planning process is not implemented or if the process does not serve to educate participants, it makes no difference what type of process was used or how authority influenced that process. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Community and Regional Planning (SCARP), School of / Graduate

This study identifies and assesses the implications for community development in the Northwest Territories resulting from the structures and processes that have evolved from the Northwest Territories Northern Land Use Planning Program. Community development is described as a purposeful learning process whereby people identify their situation and plan and implement appropriate responses to it The original development strategies that have been applied to the Northwest Territories have been overwhelrningly modeled after the Western economic model, and have contributed to the dependency of northern communities upon government. Community development can help alleviate the powerlessness and economic and political dependency native northerners experience. Community development literature argues that any process leaving out those most affected by decisions will not lead to self-reliance. The Northern Land Use Planning Program was established as a "community-based" process to resolve land use conflicts; its 1983 Basis of Agreement mandated the sharing of authority to make land use plans between the native organizations, and the federal and territorial governments. The principle implication of the findings of this study is that although the Northern Land Use Planning Program is described as a community-based process, and has the potential and opportunity to develop structures and processes which contribute to community development in the Northwest Territories, it has done little to reduce dependency of communities on government. This is because the key elements of decision-making in the Northern Land Use Planning Program are held external to the communities. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Community and Regional Planning (SCARP), School of / Graduate

The aim of diploma thesis is to determine advantages and disadvantages of spatial planning in Spain in comparison with the system of regional and physical planning in the Czech Republic. First, there will be briefly carry out the socio-economic characteristics of Spain which will serve as a starting point to a better understanding of land use. In sequence to this characteristics will be carry out the first structural part of the thesis, i.e. complex and comprehensive characterization and evaluation of spatial planning in Spain which will be examined, both in term of historical development and in term of the legislative, institutional and economic aspects. Then, the thesis will focus on the specific spatial planning problems solved in concrete selected regions of Spain. There will be briefly characterized system of regional and physical planning in the Czech Republic. The last and fundamental part of the thesis will focus on identifying advantages and disadvantages of the system of regional and territorial planning in the Czech Republic and spatial planning in Spain.

Thesis titled Spatial planning in Germany - comparison with the Czech Republic is focused on characterizing the spatial planning system in this European country. Work in his introduction, contains the definition of basic concepts and issues in spatial planning. For a better understanding of the German system of spatial planning, there will be socio-economic analysis conducted in Germany, which will build on the very characteristics of spatial planning. Then at the appropriate levels of spatial planning will be given particular case of implementation of such planning in Germany at a practical level. The last part represents the comparison of German spatial planning with the concept of planning in the Czech Republic referring to fundamental differences and similarities.

Within the last decade, wind power has faced a strong expansion in Sweden, supported by national policies. However, when wind power projects are to be developed, a series of legal difficulties, opposing land-use interests and resistance often arise, hindering their implementation on a local level. To bypass such difficulties, the Swedish government has invited municipalities to localise suitable areas for wind power development in their comprehensive plans. By adopting this proactive approach, different interests and views can be implemented in an early stage of the planning process, possibly reducing the risk of land-use issues and local resistance.The Municipality of Kiruna is currently updating its comprehensive plan and wind power is among the planning issues to be further investigated. Therefore, this thesis aims to combine GIS and multi-criteria decision making to support wind power spatial planning in Kiruna Municipality by exploring environmental, economic and social constraints and criteria under different planning scenariosTherefore, a spatial multi-criteria decision analysis is implemented to promote wind power localisation and at the same time, to prevent possible detrimental consequences. Swedish legislation, guidelines issued by national agencies and wind power planning practices are implemented to delimit areas feasible or unfeasible for wind power development. Then, the localisation process within feasible areas is guided by a set of social, economic and environmental criteria reflecting land-use interests typical of Kiruna Municipality. Weights, steering the relevance of the different criteria in the process, are then developed on the basis of three planning scenarios of future development for the Nordic Arctic.The results of the analysis show that approximately 90% of the territory of Kiruna Municipality is not feasible for wind power development. In particular, low wind speeds and areas of interest for defence are constraints excluding large portions of the municipal territory. Among the feasible areas, it is particularly complex to identify locations which are not located within areas of interest for reindeer herding or national interest for undisturbed mountainous environment and that have an adequate distance from existing electric grids. Nevertheless, the planning scenarios pinpoint suitable locations for wind power development in northeastern Kiruna, in proximity of Karesuando.

In the context of a deepening environmental crisis, there are growing calls for a planning framework informed by environmental ethics. In response, I locate this research in the ecocentric discourse and argue the need to challenge both ecological destruction and patriarchy. I raise feminist concerns about the marginalization of women from the processes by which we come to understand and respond to environmental concerns, and adopt a feminist methodology, qualitative methods, and a case study strategy to explore the subjective dimension of women's environmental activism in the context of growing concerns about the forests of Clayoquot Sound, British Columbia. The purpose of this research is to identify: (a) the critical insights that these women bring to their activism; (b) the patriarchal barriers they face in the course of their activism; and (c) the implications of the research findings for an action-oriented ecofeminism and ethics-based planning for sustainability. In-depth interviews were conducted with 20 women and their feedback (transcripts, workshop, draft research findings) incorporated into the final report. The research findings confirm that these women have critical insights to offer and that patriarchal barriers frustrate but do not totally constrain their activism. These women offer insight into the complex set of values and structures that protect the status quo, and the forest industry in particular, expose patriarchal structures and values that constrain their activism and protect the interests of a male-dominated industry, and suggest a normative foundation for sustainability that takes seriously the well-being of human and nonhuman nature, male and female. In analysing these findings, I argue for an action-based ecofeminism that moves beyond ideal notions of the ecological self, promotes a public ethic of care, challenges both constructs and structures, and critically supports the emergence of women's insights and contributions from the economic, political, and cultural margins. Furthermore, I argue that these women's insights and experiences have significant substantive and procedural implications for planning. I propose an ethics-based planning framework committed to the ecological and social integrity of 'place' and to the well-being of all who live there—human and nonhuman, male and female. In challenging the status quo, this ethics-based planning involves struggles with both external structures and internally held values. In doing so, it links the political to the personal and contributes to both structural and personal transformation. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Community and Regional Planning (SCARP), School of / Graduate