Nota-se, a partir do período carolíngio, um paulatino aumento da presença da dialética no cenário filosófico latino. A questão que se coloca a esses pensadores, sobretudo nos séculos X e XI, diz respeito à articulação entre o estudo das Sagradas Escrituras e a dialética. Anselmo de Cantuária representa um momento importante na dissolução dessa tensão, chegando a escrever uma obra exclusivamente dialética, o De grammatico. A originalidade de seu pensamento ganha contorno quando comparada à solução hierárquica de seu contemporâneo Pedro Damião, ou quando voltamo-nos à disputa sobre a eucaristia, na qual Lanfranco é visto pela tradição como defensor da proeminência da fé, e Berengário, apregoado como defensor da dialética. Este trabalho investiga os deslocamentos teóricos que permitem a Anselmo propor uma solução diferente para o problema da dialética em teologia. / From the carolingean period, one may note the gradually increasing presence of dialectic in the latin philosophical scenario. The question that arises to those thinkers, specially on the 10th and 11th centuries, concerns the relation between the study of the Sacred Scriptures and dialectic. Anselm of Canterbury represents an important moment on the dissolution of this tension, even writing an entirely dialectic work, De grammatico. The \"originality\" of his thinking gains proportions when compared to the hierarchical solution of his contemporary, Peter Damian, or when we turn attention to the dispute on the eucharist, in which Lanfrac is seen by the tradition as a defensor of the prominence of faith, and Berengar proclaimed as defensor of dialectic. This thesis investigates the theoretical shifts that allow Anselm to propose a different solution to the problem of dialectic in theology.

Nota-se, a partir do período carolíngio, um paulatino aumento da presença da dialética no cenário filosófico latino. A questão que se coloca a esses pensadores, sobretudo nos séculos X e XI, diz respeito à articulação entre o estudo das Sagradas Escrituras e a dialética. Anselmo de Cantuária representa um momento importante na dissolução dessa tensão, chegando a escrever uma obra exclusivamente dialética, o De grammatico. A originalidade de seu pensamento ganha contorno quando comparada à solução hierárquica de seu contemporâneo Pedro Damião, ou quando voltamo-nos à disputa sobre a eucaristia, na qual Lanfranco é visto pela tradição como defensor da proeminência da fé, e Berengário, apregoado como defensor da dialética. Este trabalho investiga os deslocamentos teóricos que permitem a Anselmo propor uma solução diferente para o problema da dialética em teologia. / From the carolingean period, one may note the gradually increasing presence of dialectic in the latin philosophical scenario. The question that arises to those thinkers, specially on the 10th and 11th centuries, concerns the relation between the study of the Sacred Scriptures and dialectic. Anselm of Canterbury represents an important moment on the dissolution of this tension, even writing an entirely dialectic work, De grammatico. The \"originality\" of his thinking gains proportions when compared to the hierarchical solution of his contemporary, Peter Damian, or when we turn attention to the dispute on the eucharist, in which Lanfrac is seen by the tradition as a defensor of the prominence of faith, and Berengar proclaimed as defensor of dialectic. This thesis investigates the theoretical shifts that allow Anselm to propose a different solution to the problem of dialectic in theology.

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Ce mémoire a pour but de comparer l’état du clergé anglo-saxon de la période de la Regularis Concordia du Xe siècle, avec celui du clergé anglo-normand d’après conquête situé entre 1060 et 1150. La base de cette recherche se fera à partir des sources narratives les plus pertinentes pour cette période. Mais celles-ci ne seront utilisées qu’en support puisque l’essentiel de ce mémoire sera basé sur le dépouillement des listes d’archevêques, d’évêques et d’abbés ayant vécu entre 1060 à 1150. Nous détaillerons leurs origines géographiques, les charges qu’ils ont occupées durant leur vie de même que leurs réseaux sociaux. Nous tenterons de démontrer que contrairement à l’idée reçue, il n’y eut pas de véritable réforme du clergé anglo-normand suite à la conquête, mais davantage une mise à jour de ce dernier, et qu’en fait, le modèle de gouvernance qui fut imposé au clergé anglo-normand au tournant du XIIe siècle fut largement inspiré du fonctionnement de l’Église normande. / This thesis aims at comparing the state of the Anglo-Saxon clergy from the Regularis Concordia period of the 10th century with the state of the Anglo-Norman clergy of the post- conquest era from 1060 to 1150. This research will be based on the most relevant narrative sources available for this period. However, they will be used only as support since the main part of the thesis will be based on various listings of archbishops, bishops and abbots, who have lived between 1060 and 1150. We will study in details their geographic origins, the positions they held as well as their social networks. We will try to demonstrate that contrary to preconceived ideas, a true reform of the Anglo-Norman clergy did not occur following the conquest. The Anglo-Norman clergy was simply updated. Also, the governance model, which was imposed to the Anglo-Norman clergy at the turn of the 12th century, was largely inspired by the functioning of the Norman Church.