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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Cloning and characterization of the genes encoding Oenococcus oeni H+-ATPase and Cu+-ATPase

Fortier, Louis-Charles. January 2000 (has links)
Two enzymatic systems from the lactic acid bacterium Oenococcus oeni, isolated from wine, have been studied. The first one is the H+-ATPase for which the activity was characterized under various conditions of growth. The activity gradually increased by l.6 to 1.9-fold upon inoculation at pH 3.5. The H+-ATPase activity did not vary significantly in function of the growth rate or with and without malic acid. However, acidification of the medium in the absence of malic acid induced the activity by 1.5 to 2.2-fold depending on the initial pH. The partially cloned H+-ATPase genes shared high homologies with those from other bacterial F0F1-ATPases. A mRNA of about 7 kb was detected by Northern blot and its size suggests that the genetic organization of O. oeni atp operon is similar to most F0F 1-ATPases. Furthermore, the amount of atp mRNA was shown to increase in acidic conditions. O. oeni H +-ATPase activity was pH-inducible and regulation of the expression seems to occur at the level of mRNA synthesis. Thus, the results confirmed the proposed role of the H+-ATPase in acid tolerance in O. oeni. / The second system studied was a chromosome-encoded P-type ATPase (CopB) and its putative transcriptional regulator (CopR). The copB gene encodes a protein showing great similarities with other Cu2+-ATPases of the CPx-type family of heavy-metal ATPases like Enterococcus hirae copB. Another gene (copR) was found 250 bp upstream of copB and displays great similarities with proteins of the MecI/BlaI family of transcriptional regulators, including En. hirae CopY repressor. O. oeni was shown to be highly resistant to copper and growth occurred in up to 30 mM CuSO4. Northern blot analyses indicated that the amount of copB mRNA increased upon a 0.2 to 4.0 mM copper stress suggesting that expression of the enzyme might be regulated at the level of mRNA synthesis. Whether CopR is involved in this regulation remains to be determined, but the results suggest that copRB genes might be involved in copper resistance in O. oeni.
12

Recherche de bactéries lactiques autochtones capables de mener la fermentation de fruits tropicaux avec une augmentation de l'activité antioxydante / Research of indigenous lactic acid bacteria capable of leading the fermentation of tropical fruits with an increase in antioxidant activity

Fessard, Amandine 27 November 2017 (has links)
Les bactéries lactiques sont utilisées pour la fermentation d'aliments dans le but d'augmenter leur durée de conservation et d'améliorer leurs propriétés organoleptiques et nutritionnelles. Dans le but de diversifier l'offre d'aliments fonctionnels et de limiter les pertes en produit frais, nous proposons des produits fermentés à base de fruits ou légumes, riches en antioxydants et plaisants pour le consommateur. Pour cela, mes travaux de thèse ont été menés en deux étapes : caractériser la flore bactérienne lactique présente à la surface de fruits et de légumes cultivés à La Réunion, puis sélectionner des bactéries autochtones possédant certaines propriétés fonctionnelles. Ainsi, 77 bactéries lactiques isolées de papayes, de tomates et d'achards de la Réunion, appartenant aux genres Leuconostoc, Lactococcus, Weissella, Lactobacillus et Fructobacillus ont été caractérisées génétiquement et phénotypiquement. Parmi la grande diversité observée, certains isolats ont présenté des caractéristiques technologiques (conditions et vitesse de croissance, résistance aux stress environnementaux) et fonctionnelles (production d'exo-polysaccharides) intéressantes pour l'élaboration d'aliments fermentés, en particulier les isolats Weissellla cibaria 64 et 30, Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides 60 et Lactobacillus plantarum 75. A partir de ces données, des étapes complémentaires de criblage ont été réalisées sur différents substrats (mangue, papaye, ananas, thé vert, thé noir) fermentés, en examinant leurs propriétés organoleptiques et leurs activités antioxydantes. Deux isolats, Lc. pseudomesenteroides 12b et W. cibaria 64, ont augmenté significativement la teneur en composés phénoliques et l'activité antioxydante de jus d'ananas Victoria au cours d'une fermentation de 48h. Le produit fermenté se conserve 16 jours au froid sans aucune altération et conserve l'ensemble de ses bénéfices nutritionnels. Une odeur et des goûts typiques ont été détectés dans les boissons fermentées obtenues. L'augmentation de l'activité antioxydante observée au cours de la fermentation résulte probablement du métabolisme des composés phénoliques par les bactéries. L'identification des molécules produites et des enzymes impliquées est nécessaire afin de comprendre les mécanismes mis en jeu. / Lactic acid bacteria are used for the production of large variety of fermented foods in order to enhance shelf-life together with improved organoleptic and nutritional properties. In order to create new functional foods and to reduce fresh product waste, the objectives of my PhD were to develop and characterize fruit or vegetables fermented foods, rich in antioxidants and pleasant for consumers. To reach these goals, my PhD work was split in two steps: 1- characterization of lactic bacteria present on fruits and vegetables grown at Reunion Island and 2- selection of autochthonous bacteria with functional properties. Thus, 77 lactic bacteria from genera Leuconostoc, Lactococcus, Weissella, Lactobacillus and Fructobacillus were isolated from papaya, tomato and sliced cabbage from Reunion Island. They were genetically and phenotypically characterized. A huge diversity in term of genetic and phenotypic characteristics was determined. Furthermore, several isolates exhibiting specific technological and functional properties (growth rate, resistance to environmental stress, production of exopolysaccharides) were identified. These isolates, potentially useful for the production of fermented foods, were Weissella cibaria 64 and 30, Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides 60 and Lactobacillus plantarum 75. Then, further screening steps were performed on different food substrates (pineapple, mango, papaya, tea infusions) in order to select isolates able to improve antioxidant and organoleptic properties. Two isolates, W. cibaria 64 and Lc. pseudomesenteroides 12b were shown to significantly enhance the phenolic content and the antioxidant activity of Victoria pineapple juice after a 48h-fermentation. The fermented products exhibited a good shelf-life of 16 days without alteration and preserved nutritional benefits. Characteristic odour and tastes were detected in the fermented drinks. The increase in antioxidant activity observed during fermentation was probably the consequence of a depolymerization of phenolic compounds. Further works are required to identify the composition changes over fermentation and to reach a better understanding of the mechanisms involved.
13

Application of bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria in preserving dairy products and development of a selective medium for Leuconostoc isolation

Benkerroum, Noreddine 03 January 1992 (has links)
Graduation date: 1993
14

Growth and metabolism of `Leuconostoc oenos` and `Lactobacillus plantarum` in wine / by Thomas Henick-Kling

Henick-Kling, Thomas January 1986 (has links)
Bibliography: leaves 172-187 / xxiv, 187 leaves : ill ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, 1986
15

Leuconostoc mesenteroides SJRP55 isolada de mussarela de búfala: perfil probiótico e bacteriocinogênico

Paula, Aline Teodoro de [UNESP] 16 December 2013 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-09T12:28:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-12-16Bitstream added on 2015-04-09T12:47:20Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000810531.pdf: 668774 bytes, checksum: 1a6ac71fb78b500de7fede169236fc16 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / As bactérias acidoláticas formam um grupo de grande importância para as indústrias de alimentos, sendo comumente utilizadas em produtos fermentados. Leuconostoc mesenteroides pode apresentar propriedades tecnológicas interessantes para aplicação em alimentos, tais como o potencial probiótico e a produção de bacteriocinas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o perfil probiótico de Lc. mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides SJRP55 e aplicá-lo em leites fermentados, além de caracterizar, purificar e identificar as bacteriocinas produzidas por esse micro-organismo. Na avaliação do potencial probiótico e da viabilidade na presença de medicamentos, a cultura mostrou resistência às condições de estresse (ácido e sais biliares) e também foi capaz de desconjugar sais biliares. A tolerância ao NaCl foi dependente da temperatura, assim como a capacidade de agregação. Lc. mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides SJRP55 mostrou boas propriedades de adesão (co-aggregação, hidrofobicidade, aderência às células Caco-2), presença da enzima β–galactosidase e sensibilidade à maioria dos antibióticos testados. No entanto, alguns medicamentos analgésicos inibiram o desenvolvimento desta cepa. Lc. mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides SJRP55 em co-cultura com Streptococcus thermophilus TA040 apresentou viabilidade durante o período de estocagem dos leites fermentados. Na avaliação da produção de substâncias antimicrobianas, Lc. mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides SJRP55 produziu compostos com ampla inibição sobre cepas de Listeria spp., mas não para espécies de Lactobacillus spp. Os compostos antimicrobianos foram estáveis em altas temperaturas, em baixos valores de pH, e na presença de compostos químicos, foram sensíveis a enzimas proteolíticas e resistentes a α-amilase, lipase e catalase. A temperatura ótima de produção do composto foi 25°C. As substâncias antimicrobianas apresentaram um leve efeito bactericida sobre ... / Lactic acid bacteria are an important group for food industry, being commonly used in food fermentation. Leuconostoc mesenteroides can show interesting technological properties in food application, such as probiotic potential and bacteriocins production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the probiotic potential of Lc. mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides SJRP55 and its application in fermented milk, and to characterize, purify and identify the bacteriocins produced by this microorganism. In the evaluation of probiotic potential and viability in presence of medicaments, the culture showed resistance to stress conditions (acid and bile salts) and it was also able to deconjugate bile salts. The tolerance to NaCl was temperature dependent, as well as the results obtained for the aggregation assays. Lc. mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides SJRP55 presented good adhesion properties (co-aggregation, cell surface hydrophobicity and adherence to Caco-2 cells), demonstrated β–galactosidase activity and it was sensitive to most of the tested antibiotics. However, some analgesic drugs inhibited the growth of this strain. Lc. mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides SJRP55, in co-culture with Streptococcus thermophilus TA040, showed viability in fermented milk during the storage conditions. During the evaluation of production of antimicrobial substances, Lc. mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides SJRP55 produced antibacterial compounds with strong inhibition against Listeria spp. strains and no inhibition against Lactobacillus spp. The antimicrobial substances were stable to high temperatures, low pH values, in presence of chemical compounds, but sensitive to proteolytic enzymes and resistant to α-amylase, lipase and catalase enzymes. The optimal temperature for antimicrobial compounds production was 25°C. The compounds showed slight bactericide effect against Listeria innocua and Listeria monocytogenes strains and reduced one log cycle of viable ...
16

Avaliação do potencial probiótico de bactérias acidoláticas produtoras de substância antimicrobiana isoladas de mussarela de búfala

Jeronymo, Ana Beatriz de Oliveira [UNESP] 18 February 2013 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-02-18Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:55:49Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 jeronymo_abo_me_sjrp.pdf: 527948 bytes, checksum: 021b8dab7a3a66a58891530aa01bb6bb (MD5) / As bactérias acidoláticas (BAL) constituem um grupo de micro-organismos heterogêneos Gram positivos, catalase negativos, anaeróbios facultativos e produtores de ácido lático . Estas bactérias têm despertado grande interesse na indústria de alimentos devido à produção de substâncias antimicrobianas, tais como as bacteriocinas. Estas substâncias têm a capacidade de reduzir a contaminação por patógenos e deteriorantes em alimentos, resultando em produtos com maior vida de prateleira. Outra característica importante presente em algumas linhagens de BAL é apresentar efeitos benéficos aos consumidores. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a produção de substâncias antimicrobianas por 38 cepas de BAL isoladas de mussarela de búfala, caracterizar as bacteriocinas quanto ao espectro de ação, estabilidade em diferentes pH, estabilidade térmica e resistência a agentes químicos. Para as cepas produtoras de bacteriocina também foi avaliado o efeito inibitório de L isteria monocytogenes ATCC 7644 em leite UHT integral e leite UHT desnat ado, e avaliar o potencial probiótico . Das trinta e oito cepas de BAL isoladas de mussarela de búfala, oito foram produtoras de substância antimicrobiana. Essas cepas foram identificadas como: Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus (cepa 13) , Lactobac illus casei ( cepa 24), L eu conostoc citreum (cepa 28 ) e Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides (cepas 26, 30 e 32). O estudo da natureza do composto confirmou que os compostos microbianos são bacteriocinas. As bacteriocinas produzidas pel as cepas 26 e 32 não foram afetadas pelo calor , extremos d e pH e diferentes detergentes. As cepas 26 e 32 reduziram a população do micro -organismo patogênico L. monocytogenes ATCC 7644 quando inoculadas em leite UHT integral e leite UHT desnatado, apresentando um efeito... / Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) ar e a heterogeneous group of Gram-positive microorganisms, catalase negative, facultative anaerobes and lactic acid producers. These bacteria have attracted great attention from the food industry due to the production of antimicrobial substances such as bacteriocins. These substances have the ability to reduce food spoilage and contamination by pathogens, resulting in products with longer shelf life. Another important feature present in some strains of LAB is to provide benefits to consumers. The aim of this study is to evaluate the production of antimicrobial substances by 38 LAB strains isolated from water-buffalo mozzarella cheese, and characterize the spectrum of activity of the bacteriocins, stability at different pH values, thermal stability and its resistance to chemicals. The bacteriocin-producing strains were also evaluated regarding the inhibitory effect on L. monocytogenes ATCC 7644 in UHT whole milk and UHT skim milk, and the probiotic properties. Six of the thirty-eight strains of LAB isolated from water-buffalo mozzarella cheese produce d antimicrobial substances. These strains were identified as L actobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus (strain 13), Lactobacillus casei (strain 24), Leuconostoc citreum (strain 28) and Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides (strains 26, 30 and 32). The study of the nature of the antimicrobial compounds confirmed that they are bacteriocins. The bacter iocins produced by strains 26 and 32 were not affected by heat, extreme pH and different detergents. Strains 26 and 32 reduced the pathogenic microorganism Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 7644 population when inoculated in UHT whole and UHT skim milk, presenting a bacteriostatic effect. Strains 1 3, 24, 28 and 32 survived during the passage through the simulated gastrointestinal tract when inoculated... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
17

Leuconostoc mesenteroides SJRP55 isolada de mussarela de búfala : perfil probiótico e bacteriocinogênico /

Paula, Aline Teodoro de January 2013 (has links)
Orientador: Ana Lúcia Barretto Penna / Banca: Svetoslav Dimitrov Todorov / Banca: Vanessa Bíscola / Banca: Rafael Chacon Ruiz Martinez / Banca: Mara Corrêa Lelles Nogueira / Resumo: As bactérias acidoláticas formam um grupo de grande importância para as indústrias de alimentos, sendo comumente utilizadas em produtos fermentados. Leuconostoc mesenteroides pode apresentar propriedades tecnológicas interessantes para aplicação em alimentos, tais como o potencial probiótico e a produção de bacteriocinas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o perfil probiótico de Lc. mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides SJRP55 e aplicá-lo em leites fermentados, além de caracterizar, purificar e identificar as bacteriocinas produzidas por esse micro-organismo. Na avaliação do potencial probiótico e da viabilidade na presença de medicamentos, a cultura mostrou resistência às condições de estresse (ácido e sais biliares) e também foi capaz de desconjugar sais biliares. A tolerância ao NaCl foi dependente da temperatura, assim como a capacidade de agregação. Lc. mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides SJRP55 mostrou boas propriedades de adesão (co-aggregação, hidrofobicidade, aderência às células Caco-2), presença da enzima β-galactosidase e sensibilidade à maioria dos antibióticos testados. No entanto, alguns medicamentos analgésicos inibiram o desenvolvimento desta cepa. Lc. mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides SJRP55 em co-cultura com Streptococcus thermophilus TA040 apresentou viabilidade durante o período de estocagem dos leites fermentados. Na avaliação da produção de substâncias antimicrobianas, Lc. mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides SJRP55 produziu compostos com ampla inibição sobre cepas de Listeria spp., mas não para espécies de Lactobacillus spp. Os compostos antimicrobianos foram estáveis em altas temperaturas, em baixos valores de pH, e na presença de compostos químicos, foram sensíveis a enzimas proteolíticas e resistentes a α-amilase, lipase e catalase. A temperatura ótima de produção do composto foi 25°C. As substâncias antimicrobianas apresentaram um leve efeito bactericida sobre ... / Abstract: Lactic acid bacteria are an important group for food industry, being commonly used in food fermentation. Leuconostoc mesenteroides can show interesting technological properties in food application, such as probiotic potential and bacteriocins production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the probiotic potential of Lc. mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides SJRP55 and its application in fermented milk, and to characterize, purify and identify the bacteriocins produced by this microorganism. In the evaluation of probiotic potential and viability in presence of medicaments, the culture showed resistance to stress conditions (acid and bile salts) and it was also able to deconjugate bile salts. The tolerance to NaCl was temperature dependent, as well as the results obtained for the aggregation assays. Lc. mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides SJRP55 presented good adhesion properties (co-aggregation, cell surface hydrophobicity and adherence to Caco-2 cells), demonstrated β-galactosidase activity and it was sensitive to most of the tested antibiotics. However, some analgesic drugs inhibited the growth of this strain. Lc. mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides SJRP55, in co-culture with Streptococcus thermophilus TA040, showed viability in fermented milk during the storage conditions. During the evaluation of production of antimicrobial substances, Lc. mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides SJRP55 produced antibacterial compounds with strong inhibition against Listeria spp. strains and no inhibition against Lactobacillus spp. The antimicrobial substances were stable to high temperatures, low pH values, in presence of chemical compounds, but sensitive to proteolytic enzymes and resistant to α-amylase, lipase and catalase enzymes. The optimal temperature for antimicrobial compounds production was 25°C. The compounds showed slight bactericide effect against Listeria innocua and Listeria monocytogenes strains and reduced one log cycle of viable ... / Doutor
18

Avaliação do potencial probiótico de bactérias acidoláticas produtoras de substância antimicrobiana isoladas de mussarela de búfala /

Jeronymo, Ana Beatriz de Oliveira. January 2013 (has links)
Orientador: Ana Lúcia Barretto Penna / Banca: Svetoslav Dimitrov Todorov / Banca: Mara Corrêa Lelles Nogueira / Resumo: As bactérias acidoláticas (BAL) constituem um grupo de micro-organismos heterogêneos Gram positivos, catalase negativos, anaeróbios facultativos e produtores de ácido lático . Estas bactérias têm despertado grande interesse na indústria de alimentos devido à produção de substâncias antimicrobianas, tais como as bacteriocinas. Estas substâncias têm a capacidade de reduzir a contaminação por patógenos e deteriorantes em alimentos, resultando em produtos com maior vida de prateleira. Outra característica importante presente em algumas linhagens de BAL é apresentar efeitos benéficos aos consumidores. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a produção de substâncias antimicrobianas por 38 cepas de BAL isoladas de mussarela de búfala, caracterizar as bacteriocinas quanto ao espectro de ação, estabilidade em diferentes pH, estabilidade térmica e resistência a agentes químicos. Para as cepas produtoras de bacteriocina também foi avaliado o efeito inibitório de L isteria monocytogenes ATCC 7644 em leite UHT integral e leite UHT desnat ado, e avaliar o potencial probiótico . Das trinta e oito cepas de BAL isoladas de mussarela de búfala, oito foram produtoras de substância antimicrobiana. Essas cepas foram identificadas como: Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus (cepa 13) , Lactobac illus casei ( cepa 24), L eu conostoc citreum (cepa 28 ) e Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides (cepas 26, 30 e 32). O estudo da natureza do composto confirmou que os compostos microbianos são bacteriocinas. As bacteriocinas produzidas pel as cepas 26 e 32 não foram afetadas pelo calor , extremos d e pH e diferentes detergentes. As cepas 26 e 32 reduziram a população do micro -organismo patogênico L. monocytogenes ATCC 7644 quando inoculadas em leite UHT integral e leite UHT desnatado, apresentando um efeito... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) ar e a heterogeneous group of Gram-positive microorganisms, catalase negative, facultative anaerobes and lactic acid producers. These bacteria have attracted great attention from the food industry due to the production of antimicrobial substances such as bacteriocins. These substances have the ability to reduce food spoilage and contamination by pathogens, resulting in products with longer shelf life. Another important feature present in some strains of LAB is to provide benefits to consumers. The aim of this study is to evaluate the production of antimicrobial substances by 38 LAB strains isolated from water-buffalo mozzarella cheese, and characterize the spectrum of activity of the bacteriocins, stability at different pH values, thermal stability and its resistance to chemicals. The bacteriocin-producing strains were also evaluated regarding the inhibitory effect on L. monocytogenes ATCC 7644 in UHT whole milk and UHT skim milk, and the probiotic properties. Six of the thirty-eight strains of LAB isolated from water-buffalo mozzarella cheese produce d antimicrobial substances. These strains were identified as L actobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus (strain 13), Lactobacillus casei (strain 24), Leuconostoc citreum (strain 28) and Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides (strains 26, 30 and 32). The study of the nature of the antimicrobial compounds confirmed that they are bacteriocins. The bacter iocins produced by strains 26 and 32 were not affected by heat, extreme pH and different detergents. Strains 26 and 32 reduced the pathogenic microorganism Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 7644 population when inoculated in UHT whole and UHT skim milk, presenting a bacteriostatic effect. Strains 1 3, 24, 28 and 32 survived during the passage through the simulated gastrointestinal tract when inoculated... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre
19

Isolamento e seleção de micro-organismos e desenvolvimento de tecnologia para produção de ácido lático

Coelho, Luciana Fontes [UNESP] 11 February 2011 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-02-11Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:03:40Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 coelho_lf_dr_rcla.pdf: 3999428 bytes, checksum: b2a1c737e7c2bb5f6e89843add264993 (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / O objetivo deste trabalho foi isolar micro-organismos produtores de D-(-) e L-(+) ácido lático, os quais são utilizados na síntese de polímeros empregados na produção de diversos materiais resistentes e biodegradáveis, além de otimizar a produção de ácido lático, a partir da utilização de diversos resíduos agro-industriais. Os micro-organismos mais promissores para produção de L-(+) ácido lático foram os isolados de Keffir (Ke6, Ke11, Ke8 e Ke24) e o Lactobacillus rhamnosus B103, já para a produção de D-(-) ácido lático, os mais promissores foram os isolados de iogurte (Y15C e Y15A) e o Leuconostoc mesenteroides B512. Pode-se afirmar que os micro-organismos selecionados apresentaram grande potencial para utilização na indústria de biopolímeros e indústria de alimentos. O soro de queijo e a manipueira foram os melhores resíduos para produção de L-(+) ácido lático por Lactobacillus rhamnosus B103. Quando se utilizou 160 g/L de lactose de soro de queijo, 60 mL/L de água de maceração de milho (AMM), 2 mL/L de Tween 80 e 0,10 g/L de MnSO4, observou-se alta produção de L- (+) ácido lático (142 g/L) e baixo residual de lactose (3,2 g/L). Para a otimização com manipueira, foi obtido 41,58 g/L de L-(+) ácido lático, a partir de 50 g/L de açúcar redutor total (ART), 65,40 mL/L de AMM e 1,27 mL/L de Tween 80. Nas otimizações com Leuconostoc mesenteroides B512 foi observado produção de 60,20 g/L de D-(-) ácido lático, utilizando 116,90 g/L de ART de caldo de cana e 44,25 g/L de autolisado de levedura. Nas otimizações com L. plantarum Lmism6 observou-se uma produção de 63,40 g/L de ácido lático, 0,40 g/L de ART residual e alta conversão de substrato (99,40%), quando se utilizou 70 g/L de ART de melaço, 30,00 mL/L de AMM, 2 g/L de K2HPO4 e 1 mL/L de Tween 80 / The aim of this study was to isolate D-(-) and L-(+) lactic acid producers micro-organisms, which are used in the synthesis of polymers used in the production of many resistant and biodegradable materials and optimize the lactic acid production, from agro-industrial residues. The most promising micro-organisms for L-(+) lactic acid production were Lactobacillus rhamnosus B103, as well as, the isolated from Keffir (Ke6, Ke11, Ke8 Ke24) and the most promising D-(-) lactic acid producers were strains of yogurt (Y15C and Y15A) and Leuconostoc mesenteroides B512. Cheese whey and cassava wastewater (CW) were the best residues for L-(+) lactic acid production by Lactobacillus rhamnosus B103. Using 160 g/L of lactose from whey, 60 mL/L of CSL, 2 mL/L of Tween 80 and 0.10 g/L of MnSO4, there was higher production of L-(+) lactic acid (142 g/L) and low lactose residual (3.20 g/L). For optimizations with CW, it was obtained 41.58 g/L of L-(+) lactic acid from 50 g/L of reducing sugar, 65.40 mL/L and 1.27 mL of corn steep liquor (CSL) and Tween 80 respectively. Leuconostoc mesenteroides B512 produced 60.20 g/L of D-(-) lactic acid, using 116.90 g/L of sugarcane juice and 44.25 g/L of yeast autolysate. L. plantarum Lmism6 produced 63.40 g/L of lactic acid, with less residual reducing sugar (0.41 g/L) and higher substrate conversion (99.41%), by using 70 g/L of sugar reducing from molasses, 30 mL/L of CSL, 2 g/L of K2HPO4, and 1 mL/L of Tween 80
20

ObtenÃÃo de oligosscarÃdeos prebiÃticos por processo fermentativo a partir do suco de caju clarificado in natura / Obtentioin of prebiotic oligosaccharides for fermentative process from the clarificado cashew juice in natura

Clarice Maria AraÃjo Chagas Vergara 27 March 2007 (has links)
OligossacarÃdeos prebiÃticos sÃo carboidratos capazes de chegar ao intestino grosso onde sÃo metabolizados pelas bidifidobactÃrias e lactobacilos ali presentes estimulando o seu crescimento. A importÃncia destes microrganismos està associada a sua relaÃÃo com a melhoria da intolerÃncia à lactose, melhora da funÃÃo intestinal, melhoria do sistema imunolÃgico, reduÃÃo de enzimas mutagÃnicas e sÃntese de vitaminas do complexo B. A enzima dextrana-sacarase pode ser facilmente obtida a partir da fermentaÃÃo do Leuconostoc mesenteroides em meio contendo sacarose como fonte de carbono. Esta enzima catalisa a formaÃÃo de dextrana em meio contendo sacarose como Ãnico substrato. Quando um aceptor està presente no meio de cultura, parte das unidades de glicose da sacarose sÃo desviadas da sÃntese de dextrana formando oligossacarÃdeos. A utilizaÃÃo do suco de caju, rico em glicose e frutose, visa o aproveitamento de excedentes agrÃcolas, reduzindo assim o custo do processo final. Este trabalho teve por objetivo estudar a sÃntese de oligossacarÃdeos prebiÃticos a partir da fermentaÃÃo de duas linhagens de Leuconostoc mesenteroides; B512F e B742, ambas nÃo patogÃnicas e seguras do ponto de vista alimentar. Com base nos resultados obtidos pode-se concluir que o processo fermentativo utilizando o suco de caju como substrato apresentou bons resultados, principalmente no que se refere ao crescimento microbiano, produÃÃo da enzima dextrana-sacarase e crescimento de Lactobacillus sendo sua utilizaÃÃo, portanto viÃvel. / Prebiotic oligosaccharides are carbohydrates able to reach the large intestine being metabolizated by bidifidobacterium and lactobacillus and stimulating their growth. The importance of these microorganisms is related with its improvement of the intolerance to the lactose, improvement of the intestinal function and the imunologic system, mutagenic enzyme reduction and vitamin synthesis of the complex B. The enzyme dextransucrase can be easily obtained through the fermentation of Leuconostoc mesenteroides in a medium containing sucrose as carbon source. This enzyme catalyzes the formation of dextran in a medium containing sucrose as the only substrate. When an acceptor is present in the culture medium, part of the glucose moieties from sucrose are deviated from the dextran synthesis forming prebiotic oligosaccharides. The use of the cashew juice, rich in glucose and fructose, aims to the use of an agriculture excess, reducing the cost of the final process. This work had as objective the study of synthesis of prebiotic oligosaccharides from the fermentation of Leuconostoc mesenteroides, B512F and B742, both non pathogenic and safe from the alimentary point of view. Based on the obtained results it can be concluded that the fermentative process using the cashew juice as substratum presented good results, mainly for the microbial growth, production of the enzyme dextransucrase and growth of Lactobacillus being its use, therefore viable.

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