Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2004. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 138-145).

Thesis--University of Wisconsin, 1966. / Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Σκοπός αυτής της διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι η υλοποίηση υπολογιστικού προγράμματος για την αντικεραυνική προστασία σε κατασκευές. Επίσης μέσω αυτής της εργασίας γίνεται αναφορά στο Ελληνικό Πρότυπο του Ελληνικού Οργανισμού Τυποποίησης (ΕΛΟΤ) 1197 και στο Διεθνές Πρότυπο IEC 62305-2. Το πρόγραμμά μας βασίζεται στα δυο αυτά πρότυπα και μελετά κυρίως την χρησιμότητα ή μη του Συστήματος Αντικεραυνικής Προστασίας (ΣΑΠ). Παρακάτω παρατίθενται τα περιεχόμενα του κάθε κεφαλαίου της εν λόγω εργασίας. Στο 1ο κεφαλαίο γίνεται μια αναφορά στα χαρακτηριστικά και στο φυσικό φαινόμενο του κεραυνού και στις ζημιές που προκαλούνται από τους κεραυνούς καθώς και στη σημασία που έχει το αλεξικέραυνο. Στο 2ο κεφάλαιο γίνεται αναφορά στην δομή και τις προδιαγραφές του αλεξικέραυνου σύμφωνα με το Ελληνικό Πρότυπο του ΕΛΟΤ 1197. Επίσης αναφέρεται η επιλογή της στάθμης προστασίας, ανάλογα με την τιμή της αποτελεσματικότητας που έχουμε υπολογίσει. Επιπροσθέτως γίνεται μια λεπτομερέστερη επεξήγηση της διαδικασίας επιλογής του (ΣΑΠ) μέσω του διαγράμματος ροής. Στο 3ο κεφάλαιο γίνεται αναφορά στην αποτελεσματικότητα του αλεξικέραυνου από μαθηματική πλευρά σύμφωνα με το Διεθνές Πρότυπο IEC 62305-2. Επίσης εξετάζει το θέμα προστασίας με χρήση πιθανοτήτων και κατηγοριοποιεί τους κινδύνους με ποικίλα κριτήρια. Επιπροσθέτως δίνεται ένα ενδεικτικό διάγραμμα ροής για τον υπολογισμό κινδύνου. Στο 4ο κεφάλαιο γίνεται αναφορά στο υπολογιστικό πρόγραμμα που χρησιμοποιήσαμε για την υλοποίηση της εργασίας. Επίσης αναφέρονται λίγα λόγια για την Java και το πακέτο Swing. Στο 5ο κεφάλαιο περιγράφεται το πρόγραμμα που προέκυψε στα πλαίσια αυτής της διπλωματικής εργασίας. Ο υπολογισμός των παραμέτρων για μεγάλες κατασκευές είναι μια επίπονη διαδικασία. Έτσι στα πλαίσια της εργασίας αυτής αναπτύχθηκε ένα υπολογιστικό πρόγραμμα για τον υπολογισμό του κινδύνου από κεραυνικά πλήγματα σε κατασκευές. Εξάλλου αυτό ήταν και το πιο δημιουργικό κομμάτι της, η εφαρμογή της θεωρίας. Αναλύεται ο τρόπος λειτουργίας του, και η χρησιμότητά του σε έναν μελετητή ΣΑΠ. Στο 6ο κεφάλαιο δίνονται παραδείγματα και εφαρμογές τόσο για το Ελληνικό Πρότυπο του Ελληνικού Οργανισμού Τυποποίησης (ΕΛΟΤ) 1197 όσο και για το Διεθνές Πρότυπο IEC 62305-2. Στο 7ο κεφάλαιο αναφέρονται τα συμπεράσματα από την εργασία αυτή και η πιθανή μελλοντική χρήση του υπολογιστικού προγράμματος που δημιουργήθηκε. Τέλος αναφέρονται πιθανές βελτιώσεις που μπορούν να γίνουν σε αυτό. / Purpose of this diploma thesis is the implementation of computer program regarding the lighting protection at the area of constructions. In addition through this study reference is made to Greek Model of Hellenic Organization of Standardization 1197 and scheme of International Model IEC 62305-2. The program is based on two models each of which makes reference to the utility or not of the Lighting Protection System (LPS). Below we state the contents of each chapter of the relative work. At the first chapter makes reference at the characteristics to the physical phenomenon of lighting. As well as an analysis is done of the term ¨thunder¨, which is integral connected to the phenomenon of lighting and to the several kinds of discharges. Finally a reference is made at the damages caused by lightings and to the necessity which disposes the lighting rod. At the second chapter reference is made to the structure of unit of lighting rod according to Greek Model of Hellenic Organization of Standardization 1197. The level of protection is mentioned proportionally to the unit of resulting estimated. A further explanation of the course selection of Lighting Protection System (LPS) through flowchart. At the third chapter reference is made to the effectiveness of lighting rod in connection to mathematic view according to Model of International IEC 62305-2. The theme of protection by using possibilities categorize the risks in various criterions. For explanation purposes a diagram of flowchart is given for risk to be estimated. At the fourth chapter reference is made to the computational program used to fulfil the study. A light mention is made to the Java language and Swing package. At the fifth chapter we shall describe the program produced keeping the frames of this diplomatic essay. The estimation of parameters of big structures is a hard to be done job. Therefore a program regarding the risks caused by lightings has been defiled. Many insist that this part of job is the most creative transforming theory to action. We are going to analyze the way of function and particularities even its use to the researcher of Lighting Protection System (LPS). At the sixth chapter examples and applications are given for the Greek Model of Hellenic Organization of Standardization 1197 as well as the International Model IEC 62305-2. At the seventh chapter we reference the conclusions of this thesis and we propose future uses of the computational program that we implemented. Finally we reference possible improvements that we can make to this.

Thesis (MEng) -- Stellenbosch University, 1987. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: A vision robot, with comparable characteristics currently being used, was designed and built. The response of the robot is evaluated in terms of the lighting conditions it is subjected to, treated as a transfer function with a visual display as input and a decision made as output. The sensitivity for luminance, contrast and detail of the display are given. Successful classification of certain displays are accomplished. The limitations of each part of the robot is evaluated and the result of these limitations on the total response of the robot is pointed out.

Lighting research has produced a wealth of knowledge concerning the visual effects of workplace lighting, but little understanding of other behavioural consequences. One trend in current lighting practice is toward providing users with the opportunity to control their own workstation lighting, often through the use of supplementary task lighting. The general assumption is that personal control over lighting will lead to better performance and improved mood. The personal control literature in psychology is abundant and tends to support this belief. Environmental psychologists in particular have embraced the idea that the provision of choices in the physical environment will lead to desirable outcomes, such as feelings of self-efficacy or competence. The present study tested the notion that personal control over lighting has beneficial effects, using a modified 2 x 2 Control x Preference factorial design with an additional control group to test for the possibility of subject reactivity biases. The Preference variable was included to test the hypothesis that working under favoured conditions, regardless of one's ability to control them, beneficially affects performance and mood. The design incorporated measures of motivation and attention to attempt to distinguish between two competing mechanisms that might underlie the effects. Male and female undergraduate students were randomly assigned to one of the five conditions in this laboratory experiment for a 2-hr session during which they completed a mood questionnaire and intellectual tasks including brain-teaser puzzles, a creativity task, an arithmetic task, and a grammar worksheet. The manipulation of Control as well as the manipulation of Preference (for the lighting at which one worked) affected ratings or perceived control. Subjects in the Control condition reported higher feelings of control than those in the No Control Condition; similarly, Preference Given subjects rated their perceptions of control more highly than Preference Denied subjects. Contrary to the conventional wisdom among environmental psychologists and designers, the results showed that choices in the physical environment are not always beneficial, at least where lighting is concerned. Control subjects performed more poorly on the intellectual tasks and more slowly on the creativity task than No Control subjects. The outcomes are discussed as differential effects of decisional versus cognitive control. Design applications of the personal control construct await further research. / Graduate

This thesis presents the evaluation, research, and written documentation of the process in the lighting design of Lysistrata: A Woman's Translation. Chapter One contains two parts. The first is in-depth research specific to the production as well as an analysis of the script. The second part is the Statement of Goals, Methodology and Procedures. Chapter Two presents the design process during the production and the implementation of the design processes. Chapter Three, the final chapter, discusses and examines the responses and includes a self-evaluation of the production. The appendices of this document contain research images, hand renderings and computer renderings, drafting, and production photographs.

Ce travail porte sur l'étude de la dégradation accélérées des diodes électroluminescentes organiques (OLEDs) pour l'éclairage. Nous avons choisi d'étudier des OLEDs commerciales (Philips lumiblade GL55 et OSRAM Orbeos RMW-046) afin d'éliminer l'effet de l'humidité et de l'oxygène et ainsi que les processus de fabrication sur les mécanismes de dégradation. Une étude bibliographique préalable nous a permis de comprendre les mécanismes de fonctionnement des OLEDs et d'analyser les différentes causes de dégradations. Elle nous a également permis de définir des conditions de vieillissement accéléré (stress thermique et électrique) que nous avons appliquées à nos échantillons. Afin d'appliquer ces conditions de stress particulières, nous avons conçu et réalisé un dispositif expérimental spécifique qui nous permet à la fois d'appliquer ces différentes conditions de vieillissement et de réaliser des mesures électriques et optiques in situ. Ces mesures ont été réalisées avant dégradation, puis jusqu'à une perte de 50% du flux lumineux. L'évolution des caractéristiques électriques et photométriques des OLEDs ainsi que certaines analyses structurales complémentaires nous ont permis d'établir et de comprendre les mécanismes mis en jeu. / This work reports on the study of accelerated ageing of white organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) for lighting. We chose to apply our study on commercial products (Philips lumiblade GL55 and OSRAM Orbeos RMW-046) to eliminate the moisture, oxygen and manufacturing process effects on the degradation mechanisms. A preliminary bibliographic study enabled us to understand the operation mechanism of the OLEDs and to analyze the different degradation causes. This one also allowed us to determine the accelerated ageing test conditions (thermal and electrical stresses). In order, to apply these particular stress conditions, we designed and realized a specific and custom-made experimental ageing bench which allows us at the same time to apply these various ageing conditions and carry out electrical and optical measurement in situ. These measurements were realized before degradations and then until a loss of 50% of the luminous flow. The evolution of the electrical and optical characteristics of the OLEDs as well as the results obtained from some additional structural analysis enabled us to establish and understand the involved mechanisms.

Esse trabalho busca classificar sistemas de iluminação em vitrinas de ambientes comerciais para o entendimento da estrutura formal arquitetônica de lojas. O papel da luz em espaços comerciais permite a interpretação da intenção arquitetônica. Por isso, o projeto de iluminação é etapa essencial no processo criativo e conceitual do ambiente comercial e deve ser planejado conjuntamente ao arquitetônico. O objetivo da pesquisa é fazer o estudo de vitrinas, em lojas, localizadas em centros de compras, com a classificação dos sistemas de iluminação artificial utilizados, características físico-espaciais, definição e características técnicas, modelos, requisitos de desempenho e emprego da iluminação. Para tanto, a revisão de literatura baseia-se na relação entre iluminação artificial, espacialidade de edificações, conforto visual e uso da simulação computacional em arquitetura. A metodologia desenvolve-se a partir do levantamento dos critérios para elaboração de projeto de iluminação em vitrinas como elemento de transição espacial aplicados às simulações computacionais. Análises dos aspectos da espacialidade, psicológicos e fisiológicos e fatores da tarefa constatam o comportamento da luz diante das variáveis formais no intuito de investigar a relação entre forma construída que atende a um programa e o papel desempenhado por esta forma na função específica de abrigar o programa e o nível de conforto do objeto arquitetônico Com a documentação gráfica e bibliográfica reunida são estabelecidos parâmetros de comparação entre os exemplos encontrados. Os resultados dos cálculos das simulações dos modelos geométricos de vitrinas viabilizam estudos quantitativos da luz disponível no ambiente. Os estudos qualitativos se referem à condição de conforto visual em vitrinas. Ao final do trabalho a sistematização espacial dos exemplares de vitrinas e classificação dos sistemas de iluminação auxiliam na definição do conceito e partido arquitetônico para projeto de ambientes comerciais. O trabalho de pesquisa divide-se em 5 fases: 1ª fase: Aspectos de classificação espacial 2ª fase: Aspectos psicológicos e fisiológicos (conforto visual) 3ª fase: Fatores da tarefa - sistemas de iluminação 4ª fase: Simulações 5ª fase: Conclusões / This work seeks to classify lighting systems in commercial environments windows to understand stores the architectural formal structure. The role of light in commercial spaces allows the interpretation of the architectural intent. Therefore, the lighting design is an essential step in the creative and conceptual process of the commercial environment and should be planned in conjunction with the architectural design. The objective of the research is to study showcases in shops located in shopping centers, with the classification of artificial lighting systems used, physical and spatial characteristics, definition and technical characteristics, models, performance requirements and use of lighting. Therefore, the literature review is based on the relationship between artificial lighting, spatiality of buildings, visual comfort and use of computer simulation in architecture. The methodology is developed from the survey of the criteria for elaboration of lighting design project in showcases as spatial transition element applied to computer simulations. Analysis of aspects of spatiality, psychological and physiological and task factors shall establish the behavior of light before the formal variables in order to investigate the relationship between built form that meets a program and the role of this in the specific function to house the program and the comfort level of the architectural object With the graphical and bibliographical documentation gathered parameters are established for comparison between the examples found. The showcases geometric models simulations calculations results enable quantitative studies of the light available in the environment. Qualitative studies refer to visual comfort condition in display cabinets. At the end of the work space systematization of showcases specimens and classification of lighting systems assist in the definition and architectural party for commercial environments design. The research was divided into 5 stages: 1st phase: spatial classification aspects 2nd phase: psychological and physiological aspects (visual comfort) 3rd phase: Task Factors - lighting systems 4th phase: Simulations 5th phase: Conclusions

abstract: This dissertation focuses on lighting and the dining experience as an experiential phenomenon at upscale restaurant setting. The aim is to better the understanding of the impact of lighting on upscale dining experiences, on a global scale. In addition, special emphasis was given to understand the theatrical approach of lighting in staging the dining experience. This research follows a sequential exploratory, mixed-methods approach, which consisted of a qualitative phase, followed by a quantitative phase. The qualitative phase gathered data in the form of interviews and observations, which was then analyzed using thematic analysis. The second phase involved creating a measure which I term, ‘DineLight,’ as an instrument to assess correlational relationships between lighting and specific dimensions of the upscale dining experience. The quantitative data was analyzed using a two-tailed Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. Results revealed that lighting can affect four aspects of the overall dining experience; atmosphere, service, sociality, and food. This research revealed a new perspective when looking at the impact of lighting in a certain context, beyond the atmosphere perception. The results of qualitative data and quantitative data were combined and produced two main reference tables for lighting at upscale restaurant setting; lighting characteristics and approaches, and lighting fixtures. These two tables operate as guidelines for successful lighting practices in upscale restaurants. This research demonstrates the applicability of the ‘DineLight’ instrument to reveal new insights regarding the upscale dining experience, contributing not just to research in the area of lighting design, but also providing practical applications for restaurateurs and others in this industry. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Architecture 2017

Resumo: A atual matriz energética mundial baseia-se fundamentalmente na utilização de combustíveis fósseis, mas por questões ambientais 9efeito estufa e as emissões de CO2) e econômicas (preço do barril), o petróleo vem sendo substituído por outras formas de energia como os pellets de madeira que possuem grande potencial para suprir as necessidades atuais de energia com menor impacto ambiental. Desta forma, este estudo objetiva comparar as principais características químicas (carbono fixo, voláteis, cinzas, extrativos, lignina e holocelulose) característica físicas (comprimento, diâmetro, densidade a granel, teor de umidade e durabilidade mecânica), característica téricas (poder calorífico superior e inferior, densidade energética e termogravimetria) e as emissões de CO e NOx, desses biocombustíveis, com os padrões de qualidade estabelecidos pelas normas nacionais e internacionais. Foram analisadas quatro procedências de pellets (um de eucalipto e três de pinus), uma amostra de serragem de eucalipto, uma amostra de casca de pinus e uma amostra de cavacos de pinus. Os pellets foram produzidos no Brasil e obtidos diretamente com os produtores em suas embalagens comerciais de venda e efetuadas análises seguindo normas padrões. A amostragem de gás foi realizada utilizando um analisador eletroquímico de gases para a determinação dos teores de monóxido de carbono, dióxido de carbono e óxidos de nitrogênio presentes nos gases de combustão. Essas análises mostraram que o poder calorífico inferior dos pellets P1, pellets P3 e pellets P$, não atingiram valores mínimos exigidos na norma austríaca, que estabelce valores> 18MJ/kg e alemã que exige valores de 17,5 a 19,5 MJ/kg. Quanto ao teor de umidade, os resultados mostraram que a maioria atingiu este parâmetro de qualidade. A durabilidade mecânica dos pellets P1, pellets P3 e pellets P4 estão abaixo... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The current world-wide energy model is based basically on the oil fuel use, but for environment questions (greenhouse effect and CO2 emissions) and economic ( barrel of the price), the oil comes being substituted for other forms of energy as wood pelletsthat it possess great potential to supply the current necessities of energy with lesser environment impact. In such a way, this objective study to compare the main chemistries characteristics (fixed carbonm volatile, ashes, extratives, lignin and holocellulose), physica characteristics (length, diameter , in bulk density, moisture content and mechanical durability), thermal characteristics (heating value, net heating value energy density, thermogravimetric) and the emissions CO and NOx, of this bioenergy with the standards of quality established by the national and international norms. The four analyzed samples had been wooden origin of pellets (onde eucalyptus and three of the pinus), one sample of the sawdust of the eucalyptus, one sample of the pinus bark and one sample the wood pinus chips. The wood pellets were produced in Brazil and gotten directly with the producers in commercial packings, and made analysis regarding standard rules. An electrochemical analyzer of gases... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Orientador: Gustavo Ventorim / Coorientador: Jose Claudio Caraschi / Banca: José Claudio Caraschi / Banca: Claudio de Conti / Banca: Alcides Lopes Leão / Mestre