The need for high spectral efficiency and data rate drives the modulation schemes like OFDM and QAM. The resulting signal is a complex signal with high peak to average power ratio. This property causes signal sensitivity to the non-linearity of power amplifiers. Power amplifiers create out-of-band distortion, in band distortion and spectral re-growth. The spectral re-growth affects the adjacent channels and cause Adjacent Channel Interference (ACI). So linearization techniques should be used to remove the skirts produced by the amplifier in the adjacent frequencies. The objective of this thesis is to figure out a pre distortion method that is simple enough to implement with an analog circuit. We are proposing a novel method to model the non linearity and use the same model as post-distorter and pre-distorter to invert non linearity so linear gain is maintained. The implementation is generic to all the non linear systems and can be implemented to invert the non linearity of any such system.

The probit function is the inverse of the cumulative distribution function associated with the standard normal distribution. It is of great utility in statistical modelling. The Carleman embedding technique has been shown to be effective in solving first order and, less efficiently, second order nonlinear differential equations. In this thesis, we show that solutions to the second order nonlinear differential equation for the probit function can be approximated efficiently using a variant of the Carleman embedding technique.

Variation analysis, or tolerance analysis as it is sometimes called, is typically used to predict variation in critical dimensions in assemblies by calculating the stack-up of the contributing component variations. It is routinely used in manufacturing and assembly environments with great success. Design engineers are able to account for the small changes in dimensions that naturally occur in manufacturing processes, in equipment, and due to operators and still ensure that the assemblies will meet the design specifications and required assembly performance parameters. Furthermore, geometric variation not only affects critical fits and clearances in static assemblies, it can also cause variation in the motion of mechanisms, and their dynamic performance. The fact that variation and motion analysis are both dependent upon the geometry of the assembly makes this area of study much more challenging. This research began while investigating a particular application of dynamic assemblies - automobiles. Suspension and steering systems are prime examples dynamic assemblies. They are also critical systems, for which small changes in dimension can cause dramatic changes in the vehicle performance and capabilities. The goals of this research were to develop the tools necessary to apply the principles of static variation analysis to the kinematic motions of mechanisms. Through these tools, suspension and steering systems could be analyzed over a range of positions to determine how small changes in dimensions could affect the performance of those systems. There are two distinct applications for this research, steering systems and suspension systems. They are treated separately, as they have distinct requirements. Steering systems are mechanisms, for which position information is most critical to performance. In suspension systems, however, the higher order kinematic terms of velocity and acceleration often are more important than position parameters.

The present contribution examines object complement clauses from the perspective of constituent-order typology. In particular, it provides the first principled empirical investigation of the position of object clauses relative to the matrix verb. Based on a stratified sample of 100 languages, we establish that there is an overall cross-linguistic preference for postverbal complements, due largely to the heterogeneous ordering patterns in OV-languages. Importantly, however, we also show that the position of complement clauses correlates with aspects of their structural organization: Preverbal complement clauses are significantly more likely to be coded by morphosyntactically “downgraded” structures than postverbal complements. Given that previous research has found a parallel correlation between structural downgrading and the semantics of the complement-taking predicate (Givón 1980. The binding hierarchy and the typology of complements. Studies in Language 4. 333–377, Cristofaro 2003. Subordination. Oxford: Oxford University Press), one needs to analyze how positional, structural and semantic factors interact with one another. Our data suggest that the correlation between clause order and morphosyntactic structure holds independently of semantic considerations: All predicate classes distinguished in the present study increase their likelihood of taking downgraded complements if they are preceded by the complement clause. We thus propose that, in addition to the well-known “binding hierarchy”, a second correlation needs to be recognized in the typology of complementation: the co-variation of linear order and morphosyntactic structure.

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