Various agents such as heat, ultrasound, rhodamine derivatives and carbonylcyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone are used to induce cellular damage so as to understand certain events leading to cell death using a mammalian cell culture system - HeLa S3 cells. Clonogenic assay is insensitive as it is an end-point technique for determining the effectiveness of cell-killing. A combined approach using protein synthesis, oxygen consumption, time-sequenced morphological study, flow cytometric analysis and others is used instead. Ultrasound is used also because it can produce heat especially when focussing beams are employed. However, with the present experimental set-up system, it is the formation of microbubbles (cavitations) together with microstreaming in a fluid medium and not heat, that produce the 'shattering' damage to the HeLa S3 cells in suspensions. Heating e.g. at 42oC for a brief period can produce 'thermoprotection' to other stimuli, in this case ultrasound. Mitochondria are found to be highly sensitive to heat especially at 45oC and the compounds used in this study. Multivesicular and myelinoid-multivesicular bodies are related to mitochondria. Lysosomes do not appear to play a critical role in the early events leading to cell death. It is suggested that by damaging mitochondria leading to an irreversible state of cellular 'energy crisis' could be the earliest event in cell death.

Thesis. 1978. M.Arch.A.S.--Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Architecture. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ROTCH. / Includes bibliographical references. / by Peter Droege. / M.Arch.A.S.

<p>ABSTRACT Introduction: This study is based on Aantonovskys SOC-theory; Sense of Coherence. SOC can be described as a theory which describes how a person experience her existence and the theory is based on three key expressions; comprehensibility, manageability and meaningfulness. Aim: The aim of the study is to examine a group of elderly (>80 years) men and women who live alone to investigate how many percent of the group that estimate a high value of SOC. The study aims to investigate which factors contribute to the fact that a person achieve a high value of SOC and increase the understanding about how these factors concretely can appear in a persons life. Methods: Questionnaire (SOC scale) and Interviews. Results: Out of 59 questionnaires, 10 were answered completely. The 10 answers were represented equally of 50 % women and 50% men. Three persons out of ten (30%) estimated a high SOC (>160p). From the answered questionnaires, the 6 representatives with the highest estimated SOC were chosen for participating in interviews. The chosen people hade an estimated SOC-value between 132 and 177 points. The content from the interviews were analyzed and seven different subcategories were found consisting of common factors that had contributed to a high value of SOC. The subcategories were; relations, childhood, belief, conditions, career, occupation and experiences. Afterwards the subcategories were re-established to the three key-expressions; comprehensibility, manageability and meaningfulness. Conclusions: The number of answered questionnaires in the investigation was unexpected very low and therefore the result is only to be applied as an example of the meaning that the procedure have for the result. However the result from the interviews is to be considered as possible to transmit into the work with elderly in healthcare. The result shows how factors that contribute to good health can be expressed in elderly peoples life. This makes it easier for the nurse to take care of and illuminate these factors and to work from a salutogenetic perspective.</p>

ABSTRACT Introduction: This study is based on Aantonovskys SOC-theory; Sense of Coherence. SOC can be described as a theory which describes how a person experience her existence and the theory is based on three key expressions; comprehensibility, manageability and meaningfulness. Aim: The aim of the study is to examine a group of elderly (&gt;80 years) men and women who live alone to investigate how many percent of the group that estimate a high value of SOC. The study aims to investigate which factors contribute to the fact that a person achieve a high value of SOC and increase the understanding about how these factors concretely can appear in a persons life. Methods: Questionnaire (SOC scale) and Interviews. Results: Out of 59 questionnaires, 10 were answered completely. The 10 answers were represented equally of 50 % women and 50% men. Three persons out of ten (30%) estimated a high SOC (&gt;160p). From the answered questionnaires, the 6 representatives with the highest estimated SOC were chosen for participating in interviews. The chosen people hade an estimated SOC-value between 132 and 177 points. The content from the interviews were analyzed and seven different subcategories were found consisting of common factors that had contributed to a high value of SOC. The subcategories were; relations, childhood, belief, conditions, career, occupation and experiences. Afterwards the subcategories were re-established to the three key-expressions; comprehensibility, manageability and meaningfulness. Conclusions: The number of answered questionnaires in the investigation was unexpected very low and therefore the result is only to be applied as an example of the meaning that the procedure have for the result. However the result from the interviews is to be considered as possible to transmit into the work with elderly in healthcare. The result shows how factors that contribute to good health can be expressed in elderly peoples life. This makes it easier for the nurse to take care of and illuminate these factors and to work from a salutogenetic perspective.

Utifrån ett identifierat problem av produktutvecklingsföretaget Prodelox har de tagit fram ett examensarbete med syfte att utveckla ett koncept på ett bord och stol. Bordet ska kunna fällas ut från väggen och bakom ska det rymmas fyra stolar. I uppfällt läge ska bordet ha en extra funktion, den ska ha ett estetiskt värde. Examensarbetet ämnar ta fram olika idéer och lösningar på bord och stolar för att sedan välja ut ett koncept. Idén med ett bord på väggen med stolar integrerade grundar sig i dagens samhälle. Allt fler bor på en liten yta av olika orsaker vilket kan leda till att boendet blir väldigt trångt. Compact Living är ett begrepp inom inredning som syftar på att effektivisera boendet utan att hemtrevnaden blir lidande för bostadens yta. Ur ett Compact Living perspektiv och dagens trender har olika kreativa koncept tagits fram. Rapporten tar upp och sammanfattar Compact Living och trender som tas till hänsyn under utvecklingsarbetet. Projektet följer de tidigare stegen i en metodik utvecklad av Ulrich &amp; Eppinger (2004). Koncept utvecklas genom framtagande av kravspecifikation, konceptgenerering och vidareutveckling. Konceptutvecklingen resulterade i sju olika bordkoncept och åtta olika stolkoncept. Utav dessa koncept väljs två bordkoncept och två stolkoncept ut för fortsatt arbete. Utifrån det fortsatta arbetet väljs ett bord, där benen ligger bakom bordsskivan och en stol, som är en ihopsatt stol av plywoodsskivor, för vidare arbete. Ur en trendanalys som gjordes togs ett formgivningskoncept fram. Detta formgivningskoncept grundar sig i trenden Retro som identifierades som den minst representerad trenden på marknaden. Resultatet blev ett bord och en stol gjort i plywood och med teak som ytterfaner. Aluminiumdetaljer vid rotationspunkter samt konformiga ben och stolsram. Tre dekorativa förslag av tavelmotiv togs fram utifrån en enkätundersökning som gjordes. Första förslaget är att bordsskivan/tavlan fräses ut i ett mönster eller kontur och ersätts med ett annat material, förslag två är att hela skivan fräses ut och ersätts av en glasskiva över en plansch och det sista förslaget är en armatur. Resultatet blev ett bord som sitter fast i väggen. Det fälls ut underifrån och i utfällt läge kan stolarna lätt plockas fram och användas. Bordet är inte mer än en decimeter djupt i uppfällt läge och stolens och bordets mått är tagna utifrån standarder och riktlinjer på bord och stolar för att det ska kunna användas av de flesta personerna. Förslag 1 på tavla är att bordskivan kommer att ha en bild på en kontur eller mönster urfräst i bordskivan och fyllas med antingen aluminium eller annat material. Förslag 2 är att ur bordskivan fräses en större yta ut där ett valt motiv kan placeras under en glasskiva. Det sista förslaget, förslag tre är en lampa som i uppfällt läge kan lysas upp. För vidare arbete på detta projekt föreslås det att designmodeller och prototyper görs för att undersöka hur gångbart konceptet är. För att undersöka hur bra konceptet är bör både stolens och bordets hållfasthet beräknas mer genomgående för att därefter ta fram produktionsunderlag.

With the rapid development of the urbanization in China, more and more migrants who are mainly from the relatively poor areas move to big cities in order to obtain the economic benefits. However, rather than living condition of migrants and rural development, people pay more attention to the economic development of the city. Migrants cannot achieve reasonable living condition in the urban context, at the same time, they may lose their land and source of income if they come back hometown although they have devoted themselves to the construction of big cities and economic development of rural areas. I analyze the characters of migrants’ living conditions in the big cities and the transfer of labors in rural areas, claiming that we should consider the situation of migrants scientifically when we are conducting the urban planning and urbanization. To explain the phenomenon of migration intuitively, I choose the Zhejiang village in Beijing and four villages in Henan Province as the example to study and analysis in the following. Firstly, Beijing is the capital of China so that it is the most popular place for migrants to move in. Zhejiang village is the famous historic problem in China and there are a lot of literatures and data collections that can be useful for my thesis. Secondly, Henan Province has the largest population in China and the migration is popular there. After the case study and survey, I analyze the reasons of the problem from different perspective such as government, economic differences, migrants’ education and so on. The paper suggests the solutions to solve the problems from relevant aspects.

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"In terms of what they are capable of, it seems to me, when you have the distance narrowing between humans and machines in the sense that if we are becoming more machine-like, it's easier to see the machine as more human-like. I don't want to be overly dramatic about it, but I think more and more people wonder, is this living or are we just going through the motions? What's happening? Is everything being leached out of life? Are the whole texture and values and everything kind of draining away? Well, that would take many other lectures, but it's not so much the actual advance of the technology: If machines can be human, humans can be machines. The truly scary point is the narrowing of the distance between the two".In John Zerza’s talk ‘Against Technology’ at Stanford University, he observed that when you have the distance between humans and machines narrowing then in a sense we are becoming more machine-like, and it’s easier to see the machine as more human like. These views are similar to the views I have been considering for some time in my art practice.My research paper attempts to chart the relationship between my art practice and personal and global circumstances as an international student from Beijing studying at an art school in Melbourne.Living Machines also finds expressions of these ideas in the theories of Michel Focault, Gilles Deleuze, Jacques Lacan and Harold Pinter. The artists I have been investigating include Marcel Duchamp, Ai WeiWei, Ang Lee, Tom Friedman and A Constructed World .The informal nature of the writing attempts to articulate my philosophical stance taken in the studio-based research. My studio research practice comprises collaboration and installations where I construct objects from found materials, and use video, animation, and performance to explore material and spatial equivalences to the concept of body as machine.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.