The aim of the final thesis was to design and check the steel loadbearing structure of the exhibition pavilon. The basis for the structural design was a specified building layout. The assessment of the structure was made according to valid czech and european standards, including the system of "Eurocodes". Construction is situated in Zlin. The rectangular plan of the building is 45,0 m wide and 48,0 m long. The peripheral field of the roof is flat, while the central field is designed as a barrel roof. Main truss was designed with 6,0 m centre to centre distance. Structural design of the main loadbearing elements was made by the Dlubal RFEM v.5.07 software. Selected structure elements, including joints and column anchors were verified manualy.

Im Konstruktiven Glasbau ist es keine Besonderheit mehr, Glasträger für Dachkonstruktionen und Glasschwerter in Fassaden einzusetzen, um leichte, transparente und in den Hintergrund tretende Tragkonstruktionen umzusetzen. Für die Fügung dieser tragenden Bauteile werden bisher Verbindungsmittel aus Edelstahl eingesetzt, die optisch beeinträchtigen, Bohrungen im Glas erfordern und ungünstige Spannungsspitzen im Glas hervorrufen. Demgegenüber ist das Kleben für den spröden Werkstoff Glas ein materialgerechteres Fügeverfahren. Die Untersuchung einer flächigen Klebverbindung zum Lastabtrag zwischen tragenden Glas-Bauteilen im Primärtragwerk ist Gegenstand der vorliegenden Arbeit. Bei einer relativ großen Schichtdicke bildet die transparente Ausführung eine ganz wesentliche Prämisse. Ein weiterer Anspruch liegt in der Alterungsbeständigkeit und der Tragfähigkeit. An einer Auswahl von 14 potentiell geeigneten, transparenten Acrylat-, Epoxidharz- und Polyurethanklebstoffen werden mit Hilfe thermomechanischer und mechanischer Prüfverfahren temperaturabhängige Materialeigenschaften ermittelt. Ergänzend wird die Langzeitbeständigkeit der Klebstoffe durch eine künstliche Alterung im Verbund überprüft. Im Anschluss erfolgt die Ermittlung der lichttechnischen Eigenschaften sowie die visuelle Beurteilung der Sichtproben. Im Resultat wird ein UV- und lichthärtender Acrylatklebstoff als besonders geeignet identifiziert. Für diesen Klebstoff werden Haftfestigkeitsuntersuchungen im Druckscherversuch unter Temperatur- und Alterungseinflüssen sowie Zeitstandversuche an Substanzproben und kleinen Prüfkörpern durchgeführt. Für den Einsatz in einer flächigen Klebung wird ein geeignetes Dosier- und Aushärteverfahren entwickelt. Der Tragfähigkeitsnachweis der geklebten Verbindung erfolgt an großformatigen Bauteilmustern. Bei diesen Versuchen wird jeweils die Belastbarkeitsgrenze des Glases erreicht, während die Klebung intakt bleibt. Ein Zeitstandversuch dient zur Aufzeichnung des Kriechverhaltens an Bauteilmustern bei erhöhter Temperatur. Begleitend zum Entstehen der vorliegenden Arbeit werden mehrere Bauvorhaben mit Ganzglaskonstruktionen umgesetzt. Der Verzicht auf jegliche metallische Verbindungsmittel stellt bei diesen Objekten in Deutschland ein bauaufsichtliches und bautechnisches Novum dar. Die Fügung von Glasstütze und Glasträger innerhalb des gläsernen Primärtragwerks erfolgt ausschließlich und erstmals über eine transparente Acrylatklebung, deren Ausführung auf Erkenntnissen der vorliegenden Arbeit basiert. Die umschließende Verglasung wird mit einem zugelassenen Silikonklebstoff an der Tragkonstruktion befestigt. Zwei der beschriebenen Bauvorhaben werden seit der Erstellung in einem umfangreichen Monitoring beobachtet, um weitergehende Aussagen zum Langzeitverhalten der Klebungen zu erhalten. Die weitgehenden Untersuchungen der vorliegenden Arbeit wie auch des laufenden Monitorings sollen Bedeutung und Zuverlässigkeit der transparenten, lastabtragenden Klebungen im Konstruktiven Glasbau belegen helfen. / The use of glass beams in transparent roofs and glass fins as part of the facade is already state-of-the-art construction to achieve a transparent and lightweight appearance. Until now, mechanical fasteners made from stainless steel are used to join these structural components. Those fasteners visually interfere, require holes in the glass and cause unfavorable stress peaks in the glass. In contrast, adhesive bonding is much more appropriate to join the brittle material glass. The subject of this dissertation is the study of a planar adhesive joint which transfers the load between the load-bearing glass components into the primary structure. With a relatively large layer thickness, the manufacturing of the transparent joint represents a major challenge. Furthermore, the aging resistance and the load-bearing capacity must be proven. A selection of 14 potentially suitable, transparent adhesives of acrylate, epoxy resin and polyurethane are tested for temperature-depending material properties. These tests are based on thermo-mechanical and mechanical test methods. In addition, the long-term durability of the adhesives is verified by artificial aging test on bonded specimens. Subsequently, the photometric characteristics and the visual quality of the samples are assessed. As the result an UV- and light-curing acrylate adhesive is identified as particularly suitable. Compression shear tests under temperature and aging influences as well as creep tests are performed on substance samples and small-scale specimens to determine the adhesive strength of this adhesive. A suitable application and curing process is developed for use in planar bonded joints. Tests on specimen components were carried out to determine the load-bearing capacity of the bonded glass frame corners. In these experiments, the glass fails while the adhesive joint remains intact. Creep test are used to record the creep deformation of component specimen at increased temperature. Accompanying the study, several building projects are realized to use adhesive bonding technology in all-glass constructions. Without any visible forms of connection, the glass construction represents a significant innovation in Germany in terms of both building legislation and building technology. It´s the first time, glass fins and glass beams are joint to a glass primary structural system via transparent acrylate adhesive. The connection method is based on the findings of the present study. The glass panels of the envelope are joined to the primary glass structure with an approved silicone adhesive. Two of the described construction projects are monitored to obtain further knowledge about the long-term behaviour of the bonded joints. The comprehensive studies of this thesis as well as the ongoing monitoring have proven the significance and the reliability of transparent, load-bearing bonded joints in the field of glass construction.

Das Trag- und Verbundverhalten textiler Bewehrungen wurde in den vergangen Jahren umfassend experimentell untersucht. Die dabei gewonnenen Erkenntnisse stützen sich jedoch fast ausschließlich auf einaxiale Beanspruchungszustände. Grundsätzlich können aus dem Vergleich von Versuchen an Rovings und an textilen Bewehrungsstrukturen Rückschlüsse auf den Einfluss der Quer- und Stützfäden und der verschiedenen Bindungstechniken auf das einaxiale Tragverhalten von Textilbeton getroffen werden. Offen bleibt jedoch, inwieweit sich die gefundenen Gesetzmäßigkeiten auf mehraxiale Beanspruchungssituationen übertragen lassen. Dadurch werden Fragen bezüglich des Tragverhaltens textiler Bewehrungen unter mehraxialen Zugbeanspruchungen aufgeworfen, welche die Motivation für die vorliegende Arbeit liefern. Die hierzu durchgeführten experimentellen Untersuchungen umfassen 84 Einzelversuche und wurden in einem speziell für zweiaxiale Zugbeanspruchungen entwickelten Versuchsaufbau durchgeführt. Als textile Bewehrungen kamen zwei verschiedene Gelegearten aus AR-Glas und Carbon zum Einsatz. Die Ergebnisse konnten die bisher ausschließlich an einaxialen Dehnkörpern gewonnenen Erkenntnisse über das Tragverhalten textiler Bewehrungen grundsätzlich bestätigen. Für den Übergang von Zustand I zum Zustand II konnte eine Abhängigkeit der Erstrissspannung vom Spannungsverhältnis nachgewiesen werden. Die Merkmale der Zustände IIa und IIb zeigen hingegen keine signifikante Abhängigkeit vom Verhältnis aus Längs- und Querzugspannung. Darüber hinaus haben offenbar durch Querzug induzierte bewehrungsparallele Risse keine maßgeblichen Auswirkungen auf das Verbundverhalten der Rovings in Längsrichtung. Eine wesentliche Erkenntnis aus den biaxialen Zugversuchen mit Carbon betrifft den Einfluss der Welligkeit. Es wurde deutlich, dass der Abbau der Welligkeit in beschichteten textilen Bewehrungen hochgradig lastabhängig ist. In zahlreichen Versuchen mit Carbon kam es innerhalb des Zustands IIb zu Delamination, einem bisher in diesem Umfang nicht beobachteten Effekt. Die Erkenntnisse hinsichtlich des Abbaus der Welligkeit wurden im Anschluss auf das Tragverhalten von AR-Glas übertragen und führten zu einer Neubewertung des bei AR-Glas beobachteten Steifigkeitsdefizits im Zustand IIb. Weiterhin wurde der Einfluss der Orientierung der Bewehrung unter einaxialer Beanspruchung an scheibenartigen Probekörpern untersucht. Es zeigte sich, dass die untersuchten Bewehrungen aus AR-Glas hinsichtlich der Tragfähigkeit bei schiefwinkliger Beanspruchung deutlich unempfindlicher reagieren als Bewehrungen aus Carbon. Für die Reduktion der effektiven Faserbruchspannungen wurde ein mathematisches Modell vorgestellt, welches eine getrennte Beschreibung der geometrischen Einflüsse sowie alle sonstigen, die Faserbruchspannung reduzierenden Effekte erlaubt. / The load bearing and bond behaviour of textile reinforcements has been comprehensively studied experimental in recent years. The findings are based almost exclusively on uniaxial loading. Generally, from the comparison of tests on rovings and fabrics conclusions can be drawn about the influence of transverse and supporting threads and different binding patterns on the uniaxial load-bearing behaviour. However, it remains open, to what extend the found principles are applicable to multi-axial loading situations. This raises questions about the load bearing behaviour under multi-axial tension loading, which provide motivation for this work. For the experimental studies on 84 specimens a specially developed test setup for biaxial tensile loading was used. Two different types of textile reinforcements made from AR-glass and carbon fibres were examined. The results generally approve the findings on the structural behaviour of textile reinforcements exclusively derived from uniaxial tests. A relationship between first cracking stress level and biaxial stress ratio has been found. The characteristics of the cracking phases and during stabilized cracking, however, show no significant dependencies on the ratio of longitudinal and transverse tensile stresses. Furthermore, parallel cracks induced by transverse tensile stresses have no significant impact on the bond behaviour of longitudinal rovings. An essential result from biaxial tensile tests with carbon is the strong influence of waviness. It became clear that the reduction of waviness in coated textile reinforcement is highly load-dependent. In numerous experiments with carbon reinforcement delamination occurred during stabilized cracking – an effect, that has been observed in this large scale for the first time. The findings regarding the reduction of the waviness were subsequently applied to AR-glass and led to a revaluation of the known stiffness deficit in the phase IIb. Furthermore, the influence of reinforcement orientation has been studied on discoidal specimens under uni-axial loading. It was found that the load bearing capacity of carbon reinforcement is much more sensible to load orientation than AR-glass. A mathematical model was presented, which allows the separate description of geometric factors and as well as all other effects that reduce the fibre tensile strength.

Ett nytt badhus i Västertorp, beläget i den bortglömda, av E4:an dammiga, Mellanbergsparken dit folk kan gå för att bada. Det behövs inga fler simhallar i Stockholm, men ett nytt sorts badhus dit alla olika människor av alla åldrar kan komma och bada i en starkt arkitektonisk miljö - det fattas idag. Därför har jag fokuserat på att gestalta starka rumsligheter där vattnet får stå i fokus och förstärka upplevelsen av rummet. Genom badhuset finns tre olika steg på skalan i material och badupplevelser som går från asfalt till skog, från slutet till öppet. Längst ut mot skogen finns en badsal på 24 x 84 meter där en pelarskog av tegelpelare möter vattenytan. En vattenyta sträcker sig genom hela badsalen och speglar taket bestående av kryssvalv i bärande tegel. Från entrén till badhuset ser du tvärs igenom hela huset, genom innergården och skymtar denna magnifika badsal. I badsalen finns en rundsimmningsslinga och bredvid är det endast ankeldjupt. Du kan simma ut under ett stort fönsterparti och under arkaden som skuggar utanför. Här möter du tillslut skogen och E4:ans buller är glömt långt bakom. / A new kind of bath house in Västertorp, situated in the forgotten Mellanbergsparken contaminated by noise and dust from the freeway, where people can go swimming. There is no need for more indoor swimming pools in Stockholm, but a new kind of bath house, where different people of all different ages can go to bathe, swim and relax in a strongly architectural environment is missing. Therefore my focus has been to create powerful spaces where the water is in focus and enhances the architectural experience of the room. Through the bath house there is a scale that evolves from the site: from asphalt to forest, from enclosed to open. From the bath house entrance you get a glimpse through the inner court yard, towards the 24 by 84 meter colonnade hall for swimming. Here brick columns meet the water surface that stretches through the entire hall unbroken and reflects the ceiling made up of load bearing brick lierne vaults. In the bath hall is a loop for swimming and on the sides the water is only ankle-deep. From the loop you can swim out under a colonnade that shades the pool. Finally you meet the forest on the other side and the noise and smell of the freeway is far away and forgotten.

This final thesis is focused on a reinforcement design and check of selected reinforced concrete structure parts of a church building. A spatial model loaded with dead and live loads is designed in order to carry out a structural analysis in SCIA Engineer software. Serviceability limit state and fire resistance are then checked for some selected load-bearing elements. The drawings are also included in this work.

The subject of this diploma thesis is the preparation for the implementation of a prestressed bridge in the village of Hnojník. This thesis contains a technical report, coordination situation of the construction with broader relations to transport routes, phases time shedule, a feasibility study of the main technological phases, project of construction site equipment, a suggested list of the main construction vehicles and building mechanisation, time shedule of main construction, shedule of transport of fresh concrete mixture, technological regulation of concreting bridge deck, technological regulation of additional prestressing bridge deck, control and test plan, health and safety at work on bridge construction, The annexes contain drawings of concept of load-bearing falsework, drawing of the construction site equipment, drawing of coordination situation of the construction with broader relations to transport routes , itemized budget, graph of workers and machines needs, phases time shedule and delivery shedule of fresh concrete mixture.

The diploma thesis is focused on the design of a new steel structure of a single-track railway bridge with bottom bridge deck. The solved bridge construction is located on line No. 123 between Nemšová and Trenčianska Teplá at the point, where the line crosses over the river Váh. The existing bridge on the line has a span of 50 + 50 + 50 + 50 m. The assignment was processed in five variants of a steel bridge structure with a bottom orthotropic deck. Each variant has a different static system, a different number of fields and a different type of superstructure. The comparison of variants was performed using multicriterial evaluation based on selected criteria. The most suitable variant was elaborated in more detail. The calculations were performed according to valid ČSN EN standards.

The subject of master’s thesis is determination of bridge load-bearing capacity and fully probabilistic approach to reliability assessment. It includes a nonlinear analysis of the specific bridge load-bearing capacity in compliance with co-existing Standards and its stochastic and sensitivity analysis. In connection with durability limit states of reinforced concrete structures, the influence of carbonation and the corrosion of reinforcement on the structure’s reliability is also mentioned.

The Master´s thesis subject is a design and an estimation of the load-bearing structure of a multi-storeyed building. The structure has a miscellaneous ground-plan shape consisting of three rectangular tracts and it is placed in the building basement under the ground level. The load-bearing structure involves walls and a floor slab which rises up vertically closer to the ground level in the central tract. Among further components being solved belong stairs, basement slab and beam. The load-bearing structure is solved monolithically as steel concrete component.

Modern-day terrorist attacks present a considerable danger for commercial aircrafts. This thesis analyzes potential methods of such attacks with a critical analysis of the most dangerous type: an attack from the outside of the aircraft via a fragmentation missile warhead. Such missiles cause damage to the airframe of the aircraft through fragments created by the explosion. In this thesis, analytical geometry is used to determine the area of the aircraft affected by the fragmentation. The aircraft’s geometry and the fragments’ dispersion are calculated by analytical functions, and the effect of the damage is analyzed. A shooting experiment was also carried out, in which fragments were shot at a reinforced skin panel that was manufactured according to the real design of commercial aircraft. The results of the experiment revealed that only directly hit sections of the structure are damaged. Data obtained by the experiment was then used for the creation and improvement of the model used in the simulation by means of the finite element method. This model is used for the numerical calculation of the damage sustained. Further included in the thesis is an analysis of the change in the load-bearing capacity after such an attack. The relationship between the size of the damage and its effect on the load-bearing capacity of the component as well as the entire structure is defined. First, the effect of component damage is analyzed via the FMEA/FMECA methods. This analysis is then extended using fuzzy logic. Fuzzy logic analysis is based on the determination of the size of the damaged component area and the component’s importance on the structure’s carry loads. Application of the defined approach is described for several parts of an aircraft’s life cycle, including development, operation after the terrorist attack, and assessment of causes after a crash caused by a fragmentation missile warhead.