Performance measurement is an important concern that has recently attracted much attention in the logistics area from both practitioners and academics. The performance measurement of logistics companies is based upon diverse performance indicators. However, to date, limited attention has been paid to the performance measurement of logistics companies and, also, performance measurement processes have become more complex for logistics companies due to the existence of numerous performance indicators. In this regard, the way in which decision makers in logistics companies deal with some vaguenesses, such as deciding on the most important indicators holistically and determining interrelationships between performance indicators, has remained an issue that needs to be resolved. This study, therefore, aims to offer a comprehensive decision model for identifying the key logistics performance indicators and determining the interrelationships among these indicators from logisticians’ perspective. In line with this purpose, the research first presents a stakeholder-based Balanced Scorecard (BSC) model which provides a balanced view by including financial and non-financial performance indicators and a comprehensive approach as a response to the major shortcoming of the generic BSC regarding the negligence of various stakeholders. Then, a large number of performance indicators used in logistics are systematically examined under the proposed model, and the key indicators are selected through an online survey conducted in the Turkish logistics industry. Subsequently, since the performance measurement indicators are not independent of each other, it is critical to understand the causal relationships among different indicators. In such cases, group decision making techniques are capable of modelling such complexities. After a systematic comparison of these techniques, a realistic and easy-to-follow multi-criteria decision making technique, the Analytic Network Process (ANP), is revealed as a suitably powerful method to determine the interrelationships among the indicators. Additionally, a case study approach based on the data obtained from three logistics companies is used to illustrate both the applicability of the model and the practicality of the ANP application. Furthermore, the sensitivity of the results about the case companies is also analysed with several relevant ‘what-if’ scenarios. Thus, real-life practices of three case companies are investigated with the proposed approach. Consequently, this research proposes the BSC-ANP integration which provides a novel way and in-depth understanding to evaluate logistics performance indicators for the competitiveness of logistics companies. Thus, in order to address the aforementioned vaguenesses, the proposed model in this study identifies key performance indicators with the consideration of various stakeholders in the logistics industry to decide on the most important indicators, and evaluates the interrelationships among the indicators by using the ANP. The results of the study show that the educated employee (15.61%) is the most important indicator for the competitiveness of logistics companies and four prominent indicators (educated employee, managerial skills, cost, and profitability) need to be primarily considered by logistics companies. In this way, with this integration, not only the performance indicators in logistics, but also different stakeholders of logistics companies are assessed by the ANP method. This means that the results of this research are not only useful for helping logistics companies to decide which indicators should be focused on to become more competitive, but also can be used as a reference model by different stakeholders in their decision-making processes in order to select the best logistics provider.

Yes / Performance measurement of logistics companies is based upon various performance indicators. Yet, in the logistics industry, there are several vaguenesses, such as deciding on key indicators and determining interrelationships between performance indicators. In order to resolve these vaguenesses, this paper first presents the stakeholder-informed Balanced Scorecard (BSC) model, by incorporating financial (e.g. cost) and non-financial (e.g. social media) performance indicators, with a comprehensive approach as a response to the major shortcomings of the generic BSC regarding the negligence of different stakeholders. Subsequently, since the indicators are not independent of each other, a robust multi-criteria decision making technique, the Analytic Network Process (ANP) method is implemented to analyze the interrelationships. The integration of these two techniques provides a novel way to evaluate logistics performance indicators from logisticians' perspective. This is a matter that has not been addressed in the logistics industry to date, and as such remains a gap that needs to be investigated. Therefore, the proposed model identifies key performance indicators as well as various stakeholders in the logistics industry, and analyzes the interrelationships among the indicators by using the ANP. Consequently, the results show that educated employee (15.61%) is the most important indicator for the competitiveness of logistics companies.

O setor de bens de capital agrícolas é um dos mais tradicionais da indústria brasileira e cumpre um papel de relevância na difusão de novas tecnologias e como dinamizador do desenvolvimento econômico, obtendo atualmente crescimentos acentuados de sua produção. Contudo as empresas deste setor enfrentam dificuldades para sustentar seus avanços produtivos e entre os principais problemas apontados está o custo da atividade logística. Sendo a atividade logística determinante para a obtenção de competitividade, a medição de desempenho passa a exercer um papel fundamental nas organizações, representando uma das mais importantes ferramentas a serem utilizadas na estratégia de gerenciamento de recursos e no alcance da melhor prática logística. Com base nestas considerações, o presente estudo objetivou identificar e analisar os indicadores de desempenho logístico e práticas associadas de empresas do setor de bens de capital agrícolas, por meio de revisão bibliográfica e estudo de múltiplos casos junto às empresas do setor. Os resultados apontaram os indicadores comuns às empresas e que práticas de gestão associadas a estes indicadores, possuem algumas diferenças significantes em relação ao recomendado pela literatura, no que se refere ao escopo de avaliação, aos envolvidos no processo de medição de desempenho e à comunicação de resultados. A abrangência da atividade logística desenvolvida pelas empresas e as características do setor de atuação surgem como prováveis fatores que influenciam o nível de adequação às boas práticas sugeridas pela literatura. Ao se utilizar casos de empresas de destaque no segmento de bens de capital agrícolas, espera-se que os resultados apontados sirvam para estas empresas e outras menos estruturadas deste segmento direcionarem avanços nos seus processos de avaliação das atividades logísticas. / The agricultural capital goods sector is one of the most traditional in the Brazilian industry and it has an important role in the diffusion of new technologies and in the economic development, obtaining nowadays accentuated growths of its production. However the companies of this sector face difficulties to sustain their productive progress and the main problem pointed is the cost of the logistics activity. Being the logistics activity decisive for the obtaining of competitiveness, the performance measurement exercise a fundamental role in the organizations, representing one of the most important tool to be used in the strategy of resources management and in the search of the logistics best practice. Based on these considerations, the present study aimed to identify and to analyze the logistics performance indicators used by companies of the agricultural capital goods sector, by means bibliographical revision and study of multiple cases in companies of the sector. The results indicated commons indicators and that the management practices associated with them have some important differences in relation to the literature indicated, as for the scope of evaluation, the involved in the process of performance measurement and the communication of results. The scope of the logistics activity developed by the companies and the characteristics of the sector of performance appear as probable factors that influence the adaptation level to the good practices suggested by the literature. When using cases of prominence companies in the agricultural capital goods sector, expects that the results serve for these companies and others less structured of this sector to guide progresses in their processes of evaluation of the logistics activities.

O setor de bens de capital agrícolas é um dos mais tradicionais da indústria brasileira e cumpre um papel de relevância na difusão de novas tecnologias e como dinamizador do desenvolvimento econômico, obtendo atualmente crescimentos acentuados de sua produção. Contudo as empresas deste setor enfrentam dificuldades para sustentar seus avanços produtivos e entre os principais problemas apontados está o custo da atividade logística. Sendo a atividade logística determinante para a obtenção de competitividade, a medição de desempenho passa a exercer um papel fundamental nas organizações, representando uma das mais importantes ferramentas a serem utilizadas na estratégia de gerenciamento de recursos e no alcance da melhor prática logística. Com base nestas considerações, o presente estudo objetivou identificar e analisar os indicadores de desempenho logístico e práticas associadas de empresas do setor de bens de capital agrícolas, por meio de revisão bibliográfica e estudo de múltiplos casos junto às empresas do setor. Os resultados apontaram os indicadores comuns às empresas e que práticas de gestão associadas a estes indicadores, possuem algumas diferenças significantes em relação ao recomendado pela literatura, no que se refere ao escopo de avaliação, aos envolvidos no processo de medição de desempenho e à comunicação de resultados. A abrangência da atividade logística desenvolvida pelas empresas e as características do setor de atuação surgem como prováveis fatores que influenciam o nível de adequação às boas práticas sugeridas pela literatura. Ao se utilizar casos de empresas de destaque no segmento de bens de capital agrícolas, espera-se que os resultados apontados sirvam para estas empresas e outras menos estruturadas deste segmento direcionarem avanços nos seus processos de avaliação das atividades logísticas. / The agricultural capital goods sector is one of the most traditional in the Brazilian industry and it has an important role in the diffusion of new technologies and in the economic development, obtaining nowadays accentuated growths of its production. However the companies of this sector face difficulties to sustain their productive progress and the main problem pointed is the cost of the logistics activity. Being the logistics activity decisive for the obtaining of competitiveness, the performance measurement exercise a fundamental role in the organizations, representing one of the most important tool to be used in the strategy of resources management and in the search of the logistics best practice. Based on these considerations, the present study aimed to identify and to analyze the logistics performance indicators used by companies of the agricultural capital goods sector, by means bibliographical revision and study of multiple cases in companies of the sector. The results indicated commons indicators and that the management practices associated with them have some important differences in relation to the literature indicated, as for the scope of evaluation, the involved in the process of performance measurement and the communication of results. The scope of the logistics activity developed by the companies and the characteristics of the sector of performance appear as probable factors that influence the adaptation level to the good practices suggested by the literature. When using cases of prominence companies in the agricultural capital goods sector, expects that the results serve for these companies and others less structured of this sector to guide progresses in their processes of evaluation of the logistics activities.