The basic theoretical basis: According to demographic development the average and maximum lifespan prolongs. Therefore global population spends a bigger part of adulthood in their old age. This phenomenon is irreversible and brings significant changes into global geriatric nursing and we need to take note of the care that is provided to old patients. The seniors form an irreplaceable and a more and more considerable part of population, they create a varied group with individual needs, priorities and demands in sickness as in health. It is the very polymorbidity of senior patients which is often the reason for a long-term hospitalization. Nowadays, for these purposes more and more beds are built in long-term care facilities (LTCF) which are officially defined as specialized medical institutions which provide care to patients whose health states cannot be substantially improved by any medical treatment as they worsen without a continuous care. The life quality of seniors and the quality of the provided care in these facilities are the main long-term care level indicators. The goals of the thesis: 1) Ascertain the life quality of seniors hospitalized in long-term care institutions. The research questions: 1) How does the hospitalization of seniors in LTCF influence their subjectively perceived quality of life? 2) In which areas do seniors hospitalized in LTCF feel the difference of life quality in LTCF and at home? 3) How are the patients in LTCF satisfied with the quality of health care? 4) Within the rise of seniors' life quality in LTCF, in which areas should the nurse improve the provided care? Methods employed: For the empirical part of the thesis the qualitative analysis of gathered data method was used. The data accumulation was implemented by semi-structured interviews with clients-patients hospitalized in LTCF. The instructions for the interviews were adopted from a QOL Research Unit life quality model of the university in Toronto. This model emphasizes the individual's relations towards the surroundings and the possibilities of maintaining and improving skills. It is divided into 3 categories - existence, togetherness and adaptability. Interview transcriptions create a part of the thesis on an enclosed CD. For illustrative purposes, the results of the research were transformed into mind maps using the XMind software. There are also annotations with respondents' quotations concerning individual map as a part of the thesis. The results: The analysis of in-depth interview gathered information brought several factors which are highly subjective and have a logical level of individuality. The results concerning the research of the seniors' life quality dimensions are more or less in agreement with the basic division found in professional literature. However, they bring a further view on these dimensions and introduce subjective opinions, wishes and evaluation of seniors who found themselves in unknown environment of LTCF. The positive influence of nurses, which often impact the satisfaction of seniors in a medical institution, proved its importance. However, it was the area of communication skills of medical staff which was mentioned as lacking or insufficient. Also the fields of free time activities, seniors' adaptation in LTCF and social isolation were found to be neglected. Conclusion: The long-term care becomes, thanks to demographic development, the most rapidly evolving kind of health care. The emphasis on life quality of hospitalized seniors, as their biggest consumers, should be a matter of course for every medical and social facility. The contribution of the thesis is in detailed mapping of the issue of life quality in LTCF, warning against lack in health care and the neglected fields of life quality.

A elevação da expectativa de vida ocasionou a expansão do contingente de idosos no mundo e ascendeu à preocupação quanto à qualidade de vida dos mesmos. Os idosos solitários geralmente permanecem sob os cuidados dos familiares, que muitas vezes carecem de tempo para os assistirem adequadamente, e assim os alocam em Instituições de Longa Permanência (ILPIs), com a certeza de que receberão uma assistência adequada. Os moradores de ILPIs em sua grande maioria apresentam o aumento do sedentarismo, maior perda de autonomia, ausência de familiares e outros fatores que contribuem para uma qualidade de vida deficiente e maior incidência de enfermidades, sobretudo mentais. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a qualidade de vida de idosos residentes em ILPIs, verificar seu estado de saúde mental e correlacionar esses dois aspectos. O estudo foi realizado em 15 ILPIs do município de Ribeirão Preto, estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Foi aplicado o Mini Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM) em 357 idosos para a seleção dos que seriam inclusos do estudo e foram selecionados 99, nos quais foram aplicadas as escalas: WOQOL-Bref, WOQOL-Old e Inventário de Saúde Mental (MHI). Os escores médios dos domínios do WOQOL-Bref foram: Físico 46,57, Psicológico 53,58, Relações Sociais 66,08 e Meio Ambiente 57,58, sendo o domínio que mais favoreceu a QV foi o das Relações Sociais e o que mais desfavoreceu foi o Físico. Os escores dos domínios do WOQOL-Old foram: Funcionamento Sensorial 35,86; Autonomia 43,12; Participação social 53,35; Atividades Passadas, Presentes e Futuras 59,03; Morte e Morrer 32,5 e Intimidade 72,85. A faceta que apresentou o menor escore foi Morte e Morrer seguidos de Funcionamento Sensorial e Autonomia, demonstrando que estes aspectos estão rebaixados e contribuem desfavorecendo a QV. O escore total médio obtido pelo WOQOL-Old foi de 49,46, mostrando que a QV dos idosos entrevistados não está satisfatória nem insatisfatória, em virtude principalmente de alguns aspectos, próprios do idoso, de um modo geral, que contribuem negativamente para tal resultado, como o aspecto Morte e Morrer, o Funcionamento Sensorial e a Autonomia. O escore médio total do MHI foi de 30, 70, mostrando uma saúde mental deficiente. Foram encontradas correlações moderadas entre as dimensões de QV e SM, portanto, se as dimensões da QV forem satisfatórias, as da SM tenderão também a ser e vice-versa. Conclui-se, portanto, que a qualidade de vida da população estudada é mediana e sua saúde mental deficitária, sendo assim importante se atentar tanto à qualidade de vida, quanto à saúde mental desta população, pois elas se correlacionam. / The recent rise in life expectancy has led to a higher number of elderly people in the world and brought up concerns regarding their welfare. The elderly generaly remains under their family care, alone, due to the fact that their relatives lack the time to assist them properly, which leads their families to allocate them into Long-Term Care Facilities (LTCF) so that they can rest assured that they will receiver proper care. LTCF residents in general develop traits of sedentary lifestyle and become dependent, that\'s due to the absence of their relatives and other factors that lead to an impaired life with higher rates of diseases, mostly mental diseases. The goal of this research is to evaluate the life quality of LTCF residents, verify their mental health state and correlate both of these aspects. The research was conducted in 15 LTCF in the city of Ribeirão Preto, in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. 357 elders went through the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) to select the ones who were going to be included in this research and 99 of them were selected, in which the following scales were applied to: WOQOL-Bref, WOQOL-Old and Mental Health Inventory (MHI). The average WOQOLBref scores were: Physical 46,57, Psychological 53,58, Social Relationships 66,08 and Environmental 57,58, of which the one that favored the QV the most was Social Relationships and the least favored was the Physical domain. The WOQOL-Old domain scores were: Sensory Function 35,86; Autonomy 43,12; Social Participation 53,35; Past, Present and Future Activities 59,03; Death and Dying 32,5; Privacy 72,85. The domain with the lowest score was Death and Dying followed by Sensory Function and Autonomy, this shows that these aspects are lowered and they contribute unfavoring the QV. The average score obtained by the WOQOL-Old was 49,46, this means that the QV of the elderly interviewed is neither satisfactory nor unsatisfactory, mainly due to some aspects that are characteristic of aged people, which contribute in an unfavorable way towards the aforementioned domains (Death and Dying, Sensory Function and Autonomy). The MHI total score average was 30, 70, which means a deficient mental health. Moderate correlations were found in between the dimensions of the QV and the SM, therefore, if the dimensions of the QV are satisfactory,so are the SM dimensions and vice-versa. It can be concluded that the life quality of the population interviewed is average and their mental health is deficient, therefore it is important to look into this population\'s mental health because it is correlated to their life quality.

FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico / O objetivo principal dessa pesquisa foi estudar a afetividade de idosos residentes em InstituiÃÃes de Longa PermanÃncia, na cidade de Fortaleza â CE, sendo estas consideradas lugares de moradia para os que aà vivem. Buscou-se verificar questÃes como as polÃticas pÃblicas existentes, relacionar as condiÃÃes de moradia com o nÃvel de satisfaÃÃo dos idosos residentes, assim como avaliar seus processos de apropriaÃÃo do espaÃo e a relaÃÃo desta com o envelhecimento. Com o intuito de se ter um panorama da distribuiÃÃo das InstituiÃÃes de Longa PermanÃncia para Idosos â ILPI - existente na cidade de Fortaleza, fizeram parte do nosso campo de pesquisa um total de 21 idosos distribuÃdos em seis instituiÃÃes, sendo uma de cada Secretaria Executiva Regional â SER â que a cidade està dividida. Utilizou-se como referencial teÃrico a Psicologia Ambiental e a Psicologia Social e seus mÃtodos e tÃcnicas, como os grupos focais, as entrevistas individuais, o diÃrio de campo e o instrumento gerador dos mapas afetivos, este como mÃtodo de apreensÃo dos afetos. Por meio das imagens de agradabilidade e de pertencimento geradas foi possÃvel visualizar sentimentos e qualidades positivos dos residentes, o que revela uma estima positiva com relaÃÃo ao lugar. Jà nas categorias de pertencimento como sobrevivÃncia e pertencimento ao passado foram registrados sentimentos e qualidades despotencializadores do sujeito, o que deflagra uma estima negativa dos residentes com relaÃÃo Ãs ILPIs. Na busca de contemplar esses objetivos percebeu-se que, apesar da populaÃÃo brasileira estar em pleno processo de envelhecimento, a sociedade atual està despreparada para lidar com esse tema. As polÃticas pÃblicas existentes sÃo muito recentes e ainda estÃo em processo de implantaÃÃo. Os ÃrgÃos pÃblicos que deveriam contribuir e apoiar o desenvolvimento de instituiÃÃes como as de longa permanÃncia para idosos (ILPI) se restringem Ãs funÃÃes de cobranÃa, julgamento e multa. Percebe-se que esses idosos residentes em ILPIs estÃo desassistidos tanto no que concerne Ãs polÃticas pÃblicas, como ao apoio da famÃlia e da sociedade em geral. / The main purpose of this study was to investigate the affection of the elderly at Long Term Institutions in the city of Fortaleza - CE, which are considered dwelling places for those who live there. We verified issues such as the current public policies; housing conditions relate to the level of satisfaction of elderly residents and assess their processes of space appropriation and its relation to the aging. In order to have an overview of the Long Term Institutions distribution, in Fortaleza, a total of 21 elderly people distributed in six institutions were part of our field research, one from each Regional Executive Secretary â RES, where the city is divided. As a theoretical framework we had Environmental Psychology and Social Psychology, its methods and techniques such as focus groups, personal interviews, field diary and the instrument to generate affective maps as a method to seize emotions. Through the images of pleasantness and belonging generated we could visualize positive feelings and qualities of residents, revealing a positive esteem about the place. Regarding the categories of belonging as survival and belonging to the past we recorded feelings and qualities that weakened the person, which triggers a negative esteem of residents in relation to LTCF. Seeking to contemplate these goals we realize that, despite the Brazilian population being in full process of aging, the current society is unprepared to deal with this issue. The existing public policies are very recent and still under implementation. Governmental entities which should help and support the development of institutions such as Long Term Care Facilities for the elderly (LTCF) are only with the role of charge, prosecute and fine. We realize that these elderly residents are disadvantaged in public policy and, moreover, they have no support from family and even society in general.

Diploma thesis "Educational and activating activities of seniors in long-term care facilities in the Pilsen Region" in the theoretical part is devoted to the definition of old age and related aspects from the biological, psychological and social point of view. The thesis also deals with education and activation of seniors in the context of applied science discipline and organization in the Czech Republic within the framework of lifelong learning. Aspects of educational activities of seniors and specifics of their education and activation are also identified. The thesis also describes the best-known methods and techniques of seniors activation in long-term care facilities. In the empirical part, a questionnaire survey was carried out, in which the respondents were clients of retirement homes and patients of specialized hospital wards providing care to geriatric patients. At the same time, standardized interviews were conducted with workers who organize, secure or participate in activities focused on education and activation of their clients or patients. The aim of the thesis is to characterize aspects of the educational activities of seniors and to identify the specifics of education and activation of seniors in long-term care facilities. Based on an analysis of existing educational activities in...

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Little is known regarding registered nurse (RN) information management practice in long-term care (LTC) settings. This study identifies LTC RNs’ information management practice and needs, which are important for designing and implementing health information technology (HIT) in LTC settings. Methods: This descriptive qualitative study combines direct observations and semi-structured interviews, conducted at Alberta’s LTC facilities between May 2014 and August 2015. The constant comparative method of joint coding was used for data analysis. Results: Nine RNs from six nursing homes participated in the study. Based on the RNs’ existing information management system requirements, a graphic information flow model was constructed. Conclusion: This baseline study identified key components of LTC RNs’ information management system. The information flow model may assist HIT developers with future design and development of HIT solutions for LTCs, serve as a communication tool between RNs and developers to refine requirements and support further LTC HIT research. / Graduate

published_or_final_version / Urban Planning / Master / Master of Science in Urban Planning

En France, les infections associées aux soins concernent environ un patient hospitalisé sur vingt. Les pathogènes en cause se transmettent d’unepersonne à l’autre par contact direct entre les personnes mais aussi par les surfaces de contact sur lesquelles certains microorganismes peuventpersister jusqu’à plusieurs mois. Le cuivre étant un puissant antimicrobien naturel, des éléments en alliages de cuivre ont été conçu. Ce travailde thèse vise à étudier la capacité de ces éléments à réduire les contaminations bactériennes lors d’une utilisation prolongée en établissementsde santé. Pour cela, cinq EHPAD et une MARPA (Marne, France) ont été équipées à 50% de poignées de portes et rampes de maintien en alliagesde cuivre. Plus de 1300 prélèvements bactériologiques ont été effectués sur la surface des éléments en établissements entre 1,5 et 3,5 ans aprèsleur installation. Les bactéries récoltées ont été cultivées sur différents milieux gélosés et les unités formant colonie ont pu être dénombrées. Ledénombrement a révélé que les niveaux de contamination sont significativement plus faibles sur les poignées et rampes en cuivre que sur leséléments standards. L’identification des souches bactériennes récoltées a ensuite été effectuée par spectrométrie de masse MALDI-TOF. Cetteanalyse a montré que les genres prédominants sur les surfaces de contact sont Staphylococcus et Micrococcus, et que les genres Staphylococcus,Streptococcus et Roseomonas sont significativement moins fréquents sur les éléments en cuivre. L’espèce pathogène. S. aureus a été observémoins fréquemment sur les éléments en cuivre que sur les éléments standard. Les éléments en alliage de cuivre sont donc efficaces pour éviterdes contaminations bactériennes de surfaces en milieux de santé. De plus, les propriétés antibactériennes des éléments en alliages de cuivresont conservées plusieurs années après leur mise en service, soulignant l’intérêt de leur utilisation en milieu de santé. / In France, healthcare-associated infections concern one on twenty patients during hospitalization. Pathogenic microorganisms spread from oneperson to another by direct contact between people, but also through touch surfaces where the can persist up to several months. Copper is anatural and powerful antimicrobial metal. Thus, copper alloyed elements and surfaces have been designed and manufactured. This thesis workaims to investigate on the ability of copper elements to reduce bacterial contaminations during an extended period of use in healthcare facilities.Five long-term care facilities were 50% outfitted with copper alloyed door handles and handrails. Over 1300 samplings were performed between1.5 and 3.5 years after copper elements installation. Sampled bacteria were cultivated on a range of agar plates and colony forming units werecounted. It revealed that contamination levels were lower on copper door handles and handrails than on controls. Identifications of sampledbacterial strains were then performed by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. This analysis showed that Staphylococcus and Micrococcus largelyprevailed on touch surfaces and that Staphylococcus, Streptococcus and Roseomonas are significantly less frequent on copper elements surfaces.Pathogenic species S. aureus was less frequently observed on copper elements than on controls. This study suggests that copper alloyedelements are effective to limit bacterial contaminations of surfaces in healthcare facilities. Moreover, these elements still display significativeantibacterial properties after several years of use. Thus, copper alloyed elements represent a very promising solution to control bacterialcontamination of touch surfaces in healthcare facilities.

published_or_final_version / Mental Health / Master / Master of Social Sciences