[pt] A presente dissertação trata da questão de Maria dentro do Cristianismo, no âmbito do diálogo entre a Igreja Católica e as Igrejas protestantes. Partimos de uma abordagem sobre o ecumenismo na atualidade, com ênfase no ecumenismo espiritual, para situarmos um contexto no qual se pode aprofundar o tema de Maria. A perspectiva que adotamos foi a aproximação do ensinamento do Magistério da Igreja, conforme o Capítulo VIII da Constituição Lumen Gentium, com o qual confrontamos o livro do Grupo de Dombes Maria no desígnio de Deus e a Comunhão dos Santos, que tomamos com ponto central desta dissertação. Esse livro foi vivamente investigado e apresentamos um resumo do seu conteúdo com suas propostas de interesse ecumênico. Do mesmo livro levantamos as ideias que são tratadas nas seções finais da explanação. Nestas seções, iniciamos por enfatizar aspectos do diálogo com a Comissão Internacional Anglicano-Católica Romana (ARCIC) e a Federação Luterana Mundial. A seguir, identificamos pontos de contato do livro de Dombes e da Constituição Lumen Gentium com a Exortação Marialis Cultus, como chave para aproximações sobre uma visão da figura de Maria, tendo também em conta a ótica de alguns outros autores, em contribuições atuais. Desenvolvemos, no final, alguns aspectos teológicos e pastorais do tema, ainda em perspectiva ecumênica, e apontamos, em especial, para os elementos promotores de consenso entre as Igrejas verificados na pesquisa. Foram priorizadas metodologias e propostas que pudessem servir de base para o desenvolvimento do diálogo ecumênico sobre Maria. / [en] This dissertation deals with the question of Mary within Christianity, in the context of the dialogue between the Catholic Church and the Protestant Churches. We started with an approach to ecumenism today, with an emphasis on spiritual ecumenism, to situate a context in which the theme of Mary can be deepened. The perspective that we adopted was the approach of the teaching of the Magisterium of the Church, according to Chapter VIII of the Constitution Lumen Gentium, with which we confronted the book of the Dombes Group Mary in the design of God and the Communion of Saints, that we took as the central point for this dissertation. This book was thoroughly investigated and we presented a summary of its content with its proposals of ecumenical interest. From the same book we raised the ideas that are dealt with in the final sections of the explanation. In these sections, we started by emphasizing aspects of the dialogue with the Anglican Roman Catholic International Commission (ARCIC) and the Lutheran World Federation. Next, we identified points of contact from the book of Dombes and from the Constitution Lumen Gentium with the Exhortation Marialis Cultus, as key to approximations on a vision of the figure of Mary, also taking into account the perspective of some other authors, in current contributions. We developed, in the end, some theological and pastoral aspects of the theme, still in an ecumenical perspective, and we pointed, in particular, to the elements that promote consensus among the Churches verified in the research. Methodologies and proposals that could serve as a basis for the development of ecumenical dialogue on Mary were prioritized.

[pt] A comparação da eclesiologia de Irineu de Lião com a Lumen gentium surge no contexto do movimento de retorno às fontes cristãs nos séculos XIX e XX. O Concílio Vaticano II foi influenciado por este movimento no seu processo de aggiornamento da Igreja no mundo moderno. A nova perspectiva teológica, ainda em construção, influenciou o Concílio Vaticano II e as discussões eclesiológicas, tanto no que se referia à compreensão sobre Igreja quanto à sua atuação e presença no mundo. Tudo isso ficou mais notório com a elaboração da Constituição Dogmática Lumen gentium. De modo especial, Irineu de Lião, bispo e mártir do século II, surge como uma das fontes para este retorno na Lumem gentium que atesta duas citações diretas entre as cinco referências feitas ao texto dele em todo texto conciliar. O bispo de Lião não se incumbe de escrever um tratado teológico, na Adversus haereses e na Epideixis, mas se dedica a defender a fé cristã, que estava se emancipando das comunidades judaicas e ganhando sua autonomia de doutrina, de ensinamento e de culto. Paralelamente a este processo de emancipação crescem outras doutrinas diferentes no seio do cristianismo como foi o caso das doutrinas gnósticas. Para Irineu o conhecimento da verdade é a doutrina que a Igreja recebeu e ensina. Portanto, a agregação a Cristo necessita do conhecimento claro do que é a regula fidei, que norteará a compreensão das Sagradas Escrituras, ordenará o verdadeiro culto a Deus e conduzirá o fiel a testemunhar a presença de Cristo no mundo. A teologia sobre a Igreja em Irineu de Lião não se encontra sistematizada em seus livros, mas aparece em várias partes dos seus escritos enquanto formula suas denúncias e refutações. No entanto, para o bispo de Lião, a Igreja é obra de Deus, que criou o ser humano no seu amor de Pai, e como este se perdeu, enviou o seu Filho para recapitular toda a criação e reunir um novo povo, que ouvisse a sua voz e se voltasse para ele. O ressourcement, por mais que utilizasse de novas metodologias para a construção do pensamento teológico e o ensino de teologia, muitos dos padres conciliares ainda carregavam um modelo manualístico e indireto de abordagem teológica. Portanto, ao comparar o pensamento eclesiológico de Irineu com o desenvolvido na Lumen gentium, busca-se tanto as referências que estão no texto conciliar quanto as múltiplas concepções de Igreja que surjam por uma análise comparativa, para assim perceber como o modelo eclesiológico do início do cristianismo possibilita uma compreensão maior e mais profunda de um texto contemporâneo. / [en] The comparison of the Irenaeus of Lyon s ecclesiology with the Lumen gentium arises in the context of the return to the Christian Sources in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. This move had a capital influence in the Second Vatican Council concerning the process of aggiornamento of the Church in the modern world. In this regard, the fresh theological perspective, that was still growing, had an impact both in the ecclesiological discussions and the comprehension about the presence and action of the Church in the world. Furthermore, this whole set has increased in importance through the devising of the Dogmatic Constitution Lumen gentium. Particularly, Irenaeus, bishop of Lyon and martyr of the second century, emerges as a central source for the Lumen gentium since the Constitution includes five references of his writings, two of which are direct quotes. Both in Adversus haereses and Epideixis, the bishop of Lyon doesn t aim to write a theological treatise. Instead of that, his target is to defend the Christian faith, which was emancipating from the Jewish communities and achieving autonomy in the doctrine, the teachings, and the way of cult. In parallel with this emancipation process, different doctrines gain ground within Christianity, as, for example, the gnostic ones. However, according to Irenaeus, the only knowledge of the truth comes from the doctrine which the Church holds and teaches. As a result, for someone to belong to Christ it is mandatory to clearly know the regula fidei, which instructs about the comprehension of the Holy Scriptures, organizes the real God s cult, and guides the devotee to testify Christ s presence in the world. There isn t a systematic Theology about the Church in Irenaeus of Lyon‘s works, but this matter is recorded in many of his complaints and denials. It can be noticed by the fact that, to him, the Church is God s work. As the human being got apart from the Father s love, God has sent his own Son to recapitulate the whole creation and gather a New People, that could hear his voice and turn back towards him. Despite the ressourcement has applied new methodologies to build up theological thinking and to teach Theology, many Council Fathers were still used to an indirect theological approach, based on the use of handbooks. Therefore, comparing the Irenaeus ecclesiology to the one developed in Lumen gentium is an assignment that requires research both in the references of the conciliar text and the multiple conceptions of Church collected through analysis. Thus, it is possible to develop a deeper knowledge of a contemporary text in light of an ecclesiological model from the beginning of Christianity.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T14:27:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jose Claudio Jordao.pdf: 523225 bytes, checksum: 838f04bbecaa3b8b2e7ddc52281207a3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-01 / The Dogmatic Constitution Lumen Gentium on the Church, elaborated in the Ecumenical Council Vatican II, recovers the concept "People of God" to qualify the group of the baptisms believers, be them, clergyman, religious, nuns or lay. It was promulgated by Pope Paulo VI on November 21, 1964, entering for the history of the Church. as a "divisor of waters" in the theological subjects in ecclesiastical. That study intends to deepen the understanding of that concept. In the itself text of the studied document, there is the acknowledgement: "was pleased, however, to God to sanctify and to save the men, no individually, excluding all the relationship among them, but forming actually with them a people, that knew him in the truth and served him in sanctity" (LG 09). Therefore, the concept People of God, it has biblical roots that are essential in its recital, though, this study is more turn over to the subjects ecclesiastical of the Council, the before, the during and the after, particularly in the Church of Latin America. The objective was to study the concept People of God starting from Lumen Gentium cooperating so that the understanding of that concept can be enlarged among the clergyman, religious persons and nons. It had as hypothesis to be proven that the concept People of God present in the Dogmatic Constitution on the Church from Conclílio Vatican II still is not understood completely in its significanse for many baptisms believers. That study has used of the deductive method with bibliographical researches. It has had also as theoretical references the Scriptures, the key document in the discussions of the theme; a Lumen Gentum, as well as, other documents of the Teachership, besides works and periodic articles about the subject. With the development of that study it was verified that it is not still clearly understood that concept, because the hypothesis that it is not still completely understood the true meaning from the concept People of God, for many baptisms believers it was confirmed / A Constituição Dogmática Lumen Gentium sobre a Igreja, elaborada no Concílio Ecumênico Vaticano II, recupera o conceito Povo de Deus para qualificar o conjunto dos fiéis batizados, sejam eles, clérigos, religiosos (as) ou leigos (as). Foi promulgada pelo Papa Paulo VI no dia 21 de novembro de 1964, entrando para a história da Igreja, como um divisor de águas nas questões teológicas sobre eclesiologia. Esse estudo pretende aprofundar a compreensão desse conceito. No próprio texto do documento estudado, encontram-se a afirmação: Aprouve, no entanto, a Deus santificar e salvar os homens, não individualmente, excluindo toda a relação entre eles, mas formando com eles um povo, que o conhecesse na verdade e o servisse em santidade (LG 09). Portanto, o conceito Povo de Deus, tem suas raízes bíblicas que são essenciais na sua fundamentação, todavia, este estudo está mais voltado para as questões eclesiológicas do Concílio, o antes, o durante e o depois, particularmente na Igreja da América Latina. O objetivo foi estudar o conceito Povo de Deus, a partir da Lumen Gentium cooperando para que a compreensão desse conceito possa ser ampliada entre os clérigos, religiosos (as) e leigos (as). Teve como hipótese a ser comprovada a de que o conceito Povo de Deus presente na Constituição Dogmática sobre a Igreja do Concílio Vaticano II ainda não é totalmente compreendido no seu verdadeiro significado por muitos fiéis batizados. Esse estudo utilizou-se do método dedutivo com pesquisas bibliográficas. Teve também como referenciais teóricos as Sagradas Escrituras, o documento chave nas discussões do tema; a Lumen Gentium, bem como, outros documentos do Magistério, além de obras e artigos periódicos sobre o assunto. Com o desenvolvimento desse estudo verificou-se que ainda não é claramente compreendido esse conceito, pois a hipótese de que ainda não é totalmente compreendido o verdadeiro significado do conceito Povo de Deus, por muitos fiéis batizados foi confirmada

Pope Benedict XVI, since his election to the papacy, has urged Catholic clergy and theologians to interpret the documents of the second Vatican Council using a "hermeneutic of continuity." This thesis seeks to answer whether such a hermeneutic is possible by focusing on one aspect of the Dogmatic Constitution on the Church, Lumen Gentium. The methodology here employed is a critical analysis of one of the major patristic sources of Lumen Gentiums teaching, St. Augustine of Hippo. In claiming St. Augustines support for its doctrine, Lumen Gentium also offers an interpretation of his thought. For Lumen Gentiums teaching to be plausible, we must be able to conclude that Augustines teaching is essentially identical to it. In that connection, Lumen Gentiums claim that the Church is both a spiritual and visible reality forces us to consider a controverted topic in Augustinian studies: can Augustines city of God be identified with the hierarchical Church? In order to resolve that question, we will examine both the historical and eschatological aspects of the Church in Augustines thought, with some reference (treated in an appendix) to the compatibility between his theory of predestination and his ecclesiology. Further, what the Council meant when it said that the Church of Christ subsists in the Catholic Church, and whether this change in terminology, along with its implications in the field of ecumenism, can be reconciled with St. Augustines ecclesiology must be determined with a view to establishing the continuity between pre and post conciliar Catholic ecclesiology. St. Augustine developed his understanding of the nature of the Church in the early years of his ecclesiastical career through his polemical battles with the Donatist schismatics, and so the history of that schism is related in an appendix.

Pope Benedict XVI, since his election to the papacy, has urged Catholic clergy and theologians to interpret the documents of the second Vatican Council using a "hermeneutic of continuity." This thesis seeks to answer whether such a hermeneutic is possible by focusing on one aspect of the Dogmatic Constitution on the Church, Lumen Gentium. The methodology here employed is a critical analysis of one of the major patristic sources of Lumen Gentiums teaching, St. Augustine of Hippo. In claiming St. Augustines support for its doctrine, Lumen Gentium also offers an interpretation of his thought. For Lumen Gentiums teaching to be plausible, we must be able to conclude that Augustines teaching is essentially identical to it. In that connection, Lumen Gentiums claim that the Church is both a spiritual and visible reality forces us to consider a controverted topic in Augustinian studies: can Augustines city of God be identified with the hierarchical Church? In order to resolve that question, we will examine both the historical and eschatological aspects of the Church in Augustines thought, with some reference (treated in an appendix) to the compatibility between his theory of predestination and his ecclesiology. Further, what the Council meant when it said that the Church of Christ subsists in the Catholic Church, and whether this change in terminology, along with its implications in the field of ecumenism, can be reconciled with St. Augustines ecclesiology must be determined with a view to establishing the continuity between pre and post conciliar Catholic ecclesiology. St. Augustine developed his understanding of the nature of the Church in the early years of his ecclesiastical career through his polemical battles with the Donatist schismatics, and so the history of that schism is related in an appendix.

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Comme son titre l’indique, la présente thèse porte sur la canonicité de la Conférence des évêques. Elle vise à réfléchir au degré d’autorité decette nouvelle institution spécifiquement latine. La Conférence des évêques est devenue un organe permanent, alors que le Synode desévêques né en 1965 sous le pontificat de Paul VI n’a pas reçu cette caractéristique. La Conférence des évêques est-elle une expression de lacollégialité épiscopale ? Le Concile Vatican II (1962-1965) l’a admise comme l’une des composantes de cette collégialité. Vatican II l’aconsacrée et institutionnalisée (Constitution Lumen Gentium et Décret Christus Dominus), mais sans parvenir à lever toutes les questionsliées à son autorité et à sa juridiction. Le Synode des évêques de 1969, dont le thème annoncé était précisément la collégialité vécue, a aussiabordé la question des Conférences épiscopales. À cette Assemblée synodale, le débat a concerné principalement les moyens à mettre enoeuvre pour réaliser une coopération réelle et efficace entre Rome et les Conférences épiscopales et pour garantir une meilleure autonomie àces Conférences, sans pour autant entraver la liberté du Pape, ni porter atteinte à l’autorité de l’évêque diocésain. Il s’en est suivi une plusgrande détermination des principes qui régissent d’une part les relations entre les Conférences épiscopales et Siège apostolique, et d’autrepart les liens des Conférences épiscopales entre elles.Mais ce débat n’a toujours pas été tout à fait dirimé, surtout quant à l’autorité magistérielle de la Conférence des évêques. La qualificationjuridique en 1983 par les soins de la codification latine semble n’avoir pas suffi. Témoigne de ce malaise persistant le Synode des évêques de1985. Celui-ci a formellement demandé une réévaluation de l’institution de la Conférence des évêques : « Puisque les Conférencesépiscopales sont particulièrement utiles, voire nécessaires dans le travail pastoral actuel de l’Église, on souhaite l’étude de leur « status »théologique pour qu’en particulier la question de leur autorité doctrinale soit plus clairement et plus profondément explicitée, compte tenude ce qui est écrit dans le décret conciliaire Christus Dominus n° 38 et dans le Code de droit canonique, can. 447 et 753 ». Cela aoccasionné deux efforts institutionnels, l’un consultatif (L’Instrumentum laboris de 1987 de la Congrégation pour les évêques), l’autre décisionnel (le Motu proprio Apostolos suos de 1998). Dans cette dernière norme de requalification théologique et juridique, le Pape Jean-Paul II réaffirme de manière plus décisive la spécificité de la Conférence des évêques. Ce vaste dossier peut sembler redondant et lancinant. Les chercheurs peuvent constater que le problème de l’autorité de la Conférence des évêques s’avère encore difficile à trancher. En effet, les principaux paramètres de l’édifice ecclésial ne sont-ils pas profondément interrogés ? / As it is suggested within the title, the present thesis focuses on the canonicity of the Conference of bishops. It aims to reflect the degree ofauthority of this new specifically Latin Institution. The bishops Conference has become a permanent body, while the Synod of bishops whichwas born in 1965, under Pope Paul VI did not receive this feature. Is the Conference of bishops an expression of episcopal collegiality? TheSecond Vatican Council (1962-1965) was admitted as a component of this collegiality. Vatican II was consecrated and institutionalized(Constitution Lumen Gentium and Decree Christus Dominus), but failed to raise any issue relating to its authority and jurisdiction. The 1969Synod of bishops, whose theme was announced, more precisely lived collegiality, also addressed the question of episcopal conferences. Atthe Synod Assembly, the debate has mainly concerned the means to implement in order to achieve a real and effective cooperation betweenRome and the bishops' conferences, and to ensure greater autonomy to these conferences, without impeding the freedom of the Pope, orundermining the authority of the diocesan bishop. There ensued a greater commitment to the principles which govern, on the one hand, therelationship between the Episcopal Conferences and the Apostolic See, and on the other hand, the links between the different episcopalConferences.But that debate has still not been completely invalidated, especially as it refers to the teaching authority of the Conference of bishops. Thejuridical qualification, in 1983, through the efforts of the latin codification seems to have been insufficient.The Synod of Bishops, in 1985, demonstrates this persistent discomfort. It has formally requested a reassessment of the institution of theConference of bishops: « Since the Episcopal Conferences are particularly useful, even necessary in the current pastoral work of theChurch, we want to study their theological " status " so that in particular the issue of their doctrinal authority would be more clearly anddeeply explained, taking into account what is written in the conciliar Decree Christus Dominus, item N° 38 and in the Code of Canon Law,can. 447 and 753 ». This situation derived to two institutional efforts: an advisory one (The Instrumentum laboris of 1987 of theCongregation for bishops), then another one, a decision (the Motu proprio Apostolos suos 1998). In this last theological standard and juridicalrequalification, Pope John Paul II reaffirms, more decisively, the specificity of the Conference of bishops. This extensive file may seem to beredundant and haunting. Researchers can notice that the problem of authority of the Conference of bishops remains difficult to determine. Infact, are the main parameters of the ecclesial structure not deeply questioned ?