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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
41

Preservação pulmonar com ECMO-tópico ou isquemia fria: avaliação funcional ex vivo e histológica de pulmões não aceitos para transplante pulmonar / Preservation: topical-ECMO or cold ischemia. Functional ex vivo and histological evaluation of donated lungs refused for lung transplantation

Alessandro Wasum Mariani 10 August 2012 (has links)
Introdução: Apesar dos importantes avanços na preservação pulmonar alcançados nas últimas décadas esta questão permanece longe do ideal e representa um dos maiores problemas enfrentados pelos grupos de transplante pulmonar. O grupo da Suécia liderado pelo Prof. Stig Steen descreveu um novo método de preservação pulmonar chamado de ECMOtópico que foi publicado nos mesmos artigos que divulgaram o sistema de perfusão ex vivo. Todavia, este novo método nunca foi avaliado de forma comparativa contra a forma atualmente mais aceita de preservação pulmonar: a isquemia fria após infusão de solução de preservação. O presente estudo compara estas duas formas de preservação utilizando um modelo de avaliação pulmonar ex vivo. Como objetivos secundários foram estudados: a capacidade de recuperação da função pulmonar pelo sistema ex vivo e a utilidade do modelo experimental bloco pulmonar dividido. Métodos: Quatorze pulmões foram captados de sete doadores em morte encefálica negados para transplante pulmonar. Após a preservação inicial com perfusão anterógrada de solução de LPD-glicose o bloco pulmonar foi dividido, sendo cada lado submetido a um médoto diferente de preservação: ECMO-tópico ou isquemia fria por oito horas. Após este período os pulmões foram re-conectados e avaliados em um sistema de reperfusão pulmonar ex vivo estudando-se parâmetros funcionais e histológicos; biópsias pulmonares foram coletadas em três tempos em cada lado. As variáveis funcionais estudadas foram: capacidade de oxigenação (CO), pressão de artéria pulmonar (PAP) e resistência vascular pulmonar (RVP). As variáveis histológicas foram: escore de lesão pulmonar (ELP), contagem de células apoptóticas (CCA) e estudo de microscopia eletrônica de transmissão. Resultados: Sete casos foram incluídos. A idade média foi de 53.86 anos (±16.7); sexo masculino em 4 casos (57.1%); causa da morte encefálica: acidente vascular encefálico hemorrágico em 5 doadores e trauma crânio encefálico em 2. O lado submetido ao ECMO-tópico: direito em 4 e esquerdo em 3 casos. A média da CO foi 468.00 mmHg (±81.69) no grupo ECMOtópico e 455.86 (±54.05) no grupo isquemia fria (p=0. 758); a mediana da PAP foi de 140 mmHg(120 160) para o ECMO-tópico e 140mmHg(140 150) para isquemia fria (p=0,285); a mediana da RVP 459 dina.s.cm-5 (432,43 492,30) no grupo ECMO-tópico e 474,5 dina.s.cm-5 (459,01 545,45) no grupo isquemia fria (p=0,285). As médias dos escores de lesão pulmonar encontrados foram: para o grupo ECMO-tópico em T1 6,285 (±4,029), em T2 8,714 (±7,714) e em T3 9,571 (±7,857); já no grupo isquemia fria as médias foram em T1 7,571 (±4,429), em T2 7,714 (±4,785) e em T3 7,857 (±6,121) p = 0,531. As médias das contagens de células apoptóticas foram: para o grupo ECMO-tópico em T1 16,71(±2,545), em T2 20,71 (±5,843) e em T3 25,00 (±9,34); no grupo isquemia fria em T1 18,57 (±5,118), em T2 17,57 (±3,014) e em T3 24,86 (±10,374) p=0,803. O estudo de microscopia eletrônica de transmissão não demonstrou diferenças entre os grupos. Conclusões: Neste estudo o ECMOtópico não demonstrou melhora na preservação pulmonar, comparado a isquemia fria, em nenhum dos parâmetros estudados . O modelo de reperfusão pulmonar ex vivo permitiu importante melhora na função pulmonar, e o modelo experimental com bloco pulmonar dividido demonstrou ser um método adequado para estudos experimentais comparativos com pulmões humanos / Background: Besides the important advances in lung preservation reached in last decades this subject continues far from ideal and still represent a major challenge for the lung transplant groups. The Swedish group lead by Prof. Stig Steen has described a new method of preservation so called topical- ECMO along with the ex vivo perfusion system. However this new method has never been tested against the most popular formula of preservation: cold ischemia after single flush perfusion. This study compares these two forms of lung preservation on an ex vivo evaluation model. As secondarys end-points we also study the ex vivo lung perfusion capacity for recover damaged lungs to transplant and the usefulness of the lung bloc split model for experimental study of human lungs. Methods: Fourteen lungs were retrieved from seven brain-dead organ donors refused for transplantation. After initial preservation with single flush of LPD glucose, the lung bloc was divided and each side was preserved by topical-ECMO or cold ischemia for 8 hours. After this the bloc was reconnected than assessed on ex vivo lung system for functional and histological parameters; lung biopsies were collect in three different times on each side. The functional variables assessed were: oxygenation capacity (OC), pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR). The histological variables were: lung injury score (LIS), apoptotic cells counting and transmission electron microscopy study. Results: Seven cases were included. Mean age 53.86 years (±16.7); male 4 (57.1%); cause of death: hemorrhagic stroke for 5 donors and head trauma for 2. Side of topical- ECMO: Right 4 e Left 3. The mean OC was 468.00 mmHg (±81.69) on topical-ECMO group and 455.86 (±54.05) on Cold Ischemia group (p=0. 758); median PAP median was 140 mmHg(120 160) for topical-ECMO and 140mmHg (140 150) for Cold Ischemia (p=0,285); median PVR 459 dina.s.cm-5 (432,43 492,30) on topical-ECMO group and 474,5 dina.s.cm-5 (459,01 545,45) on Cold Ischemia group (p=0,285). The median for LIS was: topical-ECMO group on T1 6,285 (±4,029), on T2 8,714 (±7,714) and on T3 9,571 (±7,857); Cold Ischemia group on T1 7,571 (±4,429) on T2 7,714 (±4,785) and on T3 7,857 (±6,121) p=0,531. For apoptotic cell counting: topical-ECMO group on T1 16,71(±2,545), on T2 20,71 (±5,843) and on T3 25,00 (±9,34); for Cold Ischemia group it was on T1 18,57 (±5,118), on T2 17,57 (±3,014) and on T3 24,86 (±10,374) p=0,803. The transmission electron microscopy study shows no difference between groups. Conclusions: In our study the topical-ECMO failed to show improvement of lung preservation compared with the cold ischemia in all studied parameters. However the ex vivo lung perfusion model was responsible for a important increase on lung function, and the lung bloc split model appears as a reliable method for experimental human lung studies
42

Estudo dos efeitos da prednisona sobre o sistema mucociliar de ratos / Effects of prednisone on mucociliary system of rats

Karina Andrighetti de Oliveira Braga 03 November 2010 (has links)
INTRODUÇÃO: As infecções pulmonares constituem uma das principais causas de morbidade e mortalidade após o transplante pulmonar. O transplante expõe a árvore brônquica a uma série de condições, como à lesão de secção e anastomose brônquica e à ação dos imunossupressores, alterando os componentes do epitélio mucociliar. O sistema mucociliar presente nas vias aéreas do sistema respiratório é o principal mecanismo de defesa do trato respiratório, assim a influência de drogas neste sistema precisa ser investigada. A prednisona é um importante corticosteróide usado após o transplante de pulmão, no entanto seu uso pode estar associado ao aumento da mortalidade no período pós por complicações como baixa cicatrização e infecções. Desta forma, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da secção brônquica e da terapia com prednisona na depuração mucociliar. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados 180 ratos machos Wistar distribuídos em 6 grupos (P1, P2, P3, ScP2, ScSal e Sal). Os animais dos grupos P1, P2 e P3 receberam diferentes doses de prednisona (0,625, 1,25 e 2,5 mg/kg/dia); os do grupo ScP2 foram submetidos à cirurgia de secção e anastomose brônquica e terapia com 1.25 mg/kg/dia de prednisona; do grupo ScSal foram submetidos à cirurgia de secção e anastomose brônquica e gavagem diária de solução fisiológica; por fim, os animais do grupo Sal receberam gavagem de solução fisiológica. Após o período de tratamento (7, 15 ou 30 dias), os animais foram sacrificados, e as medidas de freqüência de batimento ciliar (FBC), velocidade de transporte mucociliar (VTMC) e transportabilidade do muco (TM) coletadas. Para avaliar os efeitos da droga realizamos a análise estatística comparativa entre os grupos P1, P2, P3 e Sal. Para avaliar a possível interação da droga com o procedimento cirúrgico comparamos os grupos ScP2, ScSal e P2. RESULTADOS: A administração das diferentes doses de prednisona estudadas prejudicaram a TM e a dosagem mais alta (P3) diminuiu a VTMC. Os animais submetidos à secção e anastomose brônquica mostraram redução significativa de VTMC e FBC após 7 e 15 dias da cirurgia (p<0.001) Observamos a recuperação desses parâmetros após 30 dias do procedimento cirúrgico. A droga melhorou a TM dos animais submetidos à secção e anastomose brônquica (p<0,02). CONCLUSÕES: Altas dosagens de prednisona prejudicam a depuração mucociliar. A terapia com prednisona associada à cirurgia de secção e anastomose brônquica não altera a depuração mucociliar visto que, apesar de melhorar a transportabilidade do muco, a freqüência de batimento ciliar e a velocidade de transporte mucociliar não são influenciadas / INTRODUCTION: Infections have been and still are the major cause of morbidity and mortality after lung transplantation. Since mucociliary clearance (MCC) plays an important role on the human defense mechanism, the influence of drugs on MCC of patients submitted to lung transplantation must be examined. Prednisone is the most important corticosteroid used after lung transplantation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of bronchial transection and prednisone therapy (P) on mucociliary clearance. METHODS: 180 rats were assigned to 6 groups (P1, P2, P3, ScSal, e Sal) according to surgical procedure or drug therapy: P1 (0.625mg/kg/day), P2 (1.25 mg/kg/day), P3 (2.5mg/kg/day), ScP2 (bronchial section and reanastomosis + 1.25 mg/kg/day ), Sal (saline solution 2ml/day) and ScSal (bronchial section + saline solution 2ml/day). After 7, 15 or 30 days they were killed and lungs were removed from thoracic cavity. Mucociliary transport velocity (MCTV), ciliary beting frequency (CBF) and mucus transportability (MT) were evaluated. RESULTS: The administration of different doses of prednisone studied harmed MT and the highest dosage (P3) decreased MCTV. FBC and MCTV was significantly impaired 7 and 15 days after bronchial transection and reanastomosis (p<0.001), but they showed a partial recovery on the 30th day after surgery procedure. Prednisone therapy improved MT after surgery procedure (p<0,02). CONCLUSION: High dosages of prednisone affect mucociliary clearance. The Prednisone therapy after section and reanastomosis surgery not affect mucociliary clearance since, despite improving MT, the CBF and MCTV are not influenced
43

Inhibition of Toll‐like receptor 4 signaling ameliorates lung ischemia‐reperfusion injury in acute hyperglycemic conditions / Toll‐like receptor 4経路の阻害は急性高血糖状態での肺虚血再灌流障害を抑制する

Takahashi, Mamoru 23 March 2020 (has links)
京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医学) / 甲第22362号 / 医博第4603号 / 新制||医||1043(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 平井 豊博, 教授 稲垣 暢也, 教授 竹内 理 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM
44

Trametinib Attenuates Delayed Rejection and Preserves Thymic Function in Rat Lung Transplantation / MEK阻害剤トラメチニブはラット肺移植モデルにおいて遅発性拒絶反応を抑制し胸腺機能を温存する

Takahagi, Akihiro 23 March 2021 (has links)
京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医学) / 甲第23099号 / 医博第4726号 / 新制||医||1050(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 濵﨑 洋子, 教授 浅野 雅秀, 教授 羽賀 博典 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM
45

Association of Local Intrapulmonary Production of Antibodies Specific to Donor Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I With the Progression of Chronic Rejection of Lung Allografts / 肺移植後慢性拒絶における、ドナー肺局所で産生されるドナー特異抗体の役割の検討:class I 主要組織適合遺伝子複合体(MHC)特異的抗体に着目して

Miyamoto, Ei 23 March 2021 (has links)
京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医学) / 甲第23100号 / 医博第4727号 / 新制||医||1050(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 平井 豊博, 教授 河本 宏, 教授 竹内 理 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM
46

Protective Effects of a Hydrogen-Rich Preservation Solution in a Canine Lung Transplantation Model / 犬肺移植モデルにおける水素含有臓器保存液の肺保存効果

Kayawake, Hidenao 23 March 2021 (has links)
京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医学) / 甲第23107号 / 医博第4734号 / 新制||医||1051(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 平井 豊博, 教授 湊谷 謙司, 教授 川口 義弥 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM
47

Deficits in Oral Health Behavior and Oral Health Status in Patients after Lung Transplantation: Dissertation zur Erlangung des akademischen Drades Dr. med. dent. an der medizinischen Fakultät der Universität Leipzig

Marcinkowski, Anna 06 September 2018 (has links)
BACKGROUND: Dental status has been implicated in several systemic inflammatory diseases and is a potential focus for systemic infections. Therefore, most lung-transplant centers have recommendations regarding pre-transplant dental care and follow-up, but there are no official clinical guidelines. To date there is little information on oral health status in lung transplant (LTx) recipients. The aim of this study was to systematically assess oral health status in LTx recipients. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess oral health status, including periodontal disease, oral health behavior, and awareness of the need for good oral health after LTx. METHODS: LTx recipients were recruited during follow-up outpatient visits at a university clinic transplant unit. Oral health status was quantified using the count of Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMF-T) and the grade of periodontal disease was measured by probing depth. Patients' oral health behavior was assessed using a questionnaire. RESULTS: Seventy-three patients were included at 5.8 ± 3.4 years after lung transplantation. The mean DMF-T was 21.9 ± 5.5. Patients with cystic fibrosis as the indication for transplantation had a significantly lower DMF-T than patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as the transplant indication. Of the 66 patients with teeth, 97% had moderate or severe periodontal disease. The prevalence of moderate or severe periodontal disease was significantly higher in LTx recipients (mean age 55.9 years) compared with older individuals (age 65-74 years) from the German general population (P < .005). CONCLUSIONS: This single center study shows deficits in oral health and oral health behavior in patients after LTx. There is a strong need for interdisciplinary collaboration and clinical guidelines to foster better oral health education of the transplant recipient and better oral health.
48

Porovnání výkonnosti před a po transplantaci plic u dětských pacientů s diagnózou cystická fibróza / Comparison of performance of pediatric patients with diagnosis of cystic fibrosis before and after a lung transplantation

Chrz, Josef January 2020 (has links)
Title: Comparison of performance of pediatric patients with diagnosis of cystic fibrosis before and after a lung transplantation. Objectives: To compare selected parameters of pediatric patients as an index of physical condition in time before and 1 year after transplantation. To compare a group of patients that undergone longtherm intensive physiotherapeutic treatment before transplantation with group of patients that did not using spirometric parameters FVC, FEV1 and BMI. To compare subjective signs of dyspnea between these groups using selected questionnaires. Methods: This theses was attended by 15 probands (7 boys and 8 girls) in age between 12 and 18 years. The data were collected by using selected dyspnea questionares and by using hospital documentation files taking place at the Motol University Hospital. The data were statistically analysed using Jamovi programme, mostly using correlations and paired T- test, and graphically analysed by using MS Excel programme. Results: We found changes of spirometric parameters in the level of significance of p < 0,001 (FEV1) and p = 0,003 (FVC) after transplantation in comparison with time before transplantation. Group that undergone longtherm intensive physiotherapeutic treatment before lung transplantation showed more physiological spirometric values...
49

The effect of β-2 adrenoreceptor agonist inhalation on lungs donated after cardiac death in a canine lung transplantation model / イヌ肺移植モデルにおける心停止ドナー肺に対するβ2アドレナリン受容体刺激剤吸入の効果

Sakamoto, Jin 23 May 2014 (has links)
2017-02-09全文追加 / 京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医学) / 甲第18453号 / 医博第3908号 / 新制||医||1004(附属図書館) / 31331 / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 坂田 隆造, 教授 木村 剛, 教授 小池 薫 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM
50

Plasmin administration during ex vivo lung perfusion ameliorates lung ischemia-reperfusion injury / 体外肺灌流中のプラスミン投与は、肺の虚血再灌流障害を軽減する

Motoyama, Hideki 25 May 2015 (has links)
京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医学) / 甲第19173号 / 医博第4015号 / 新制||医||1010(附属図書館) / 32165 / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 木村 剛, 教授 福田 和彦, 教授 小池 薫 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

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