Šio magistro darbo pagrindinis tikslas yra visapusiškai ištirti pagalbinio apvaisinimo institutą, pristatant ir analizuojant probleminius pagalbinio apvaisinimo aspektus bei pasiūlyti galimus teisinio reguliavimo modelius, kaip šių problemų sprendimų būdus. Mokslinę analizę apima bendrųjų pagalbinio apvaisinimo sąlygų tyrimas, pavyzdžiui, subjektų, kurie turi teisę pasinaudoti šiomis paslaugomis, tam tikrų grupių diskriminacijos teisėtumo įvertinimas, veiksnumas, sutikimo davimas, amžius. Kaip vienas iš pagalbinio apvaisinimo paslaugų teikimą ribojančių veiksnių išskiriamas būsimo vaiko interesų prioriteto principas. Lyginamuoju metodu analizuojamos biologinės ir socialinės tėvystės, motinystės koncepcijų santykis, vaiko kilmės iš motinos arba tėvo nustatymo principai bei vaiko teisę žinoti savo kilmę, kurią riboja lytinių ląstelių donorų anonimiškumo interesas. Taip pat aptariami klausimų, susijusių su lytinių ląstelių (embrionų) donoryste, šaldymu, preimplantacine genetine diagnoze, probleminiai aspektai. Sistemiškai, kritiniu požiūriu tiriamas Lietuvoje jau esantis bei naujame Pagalbinio apvaisinimo įstatymo projekte numatomas teisinis reglamentavimas, pateikiant siūlymus esamam reguliavimui tobulinti. Autorė rekomenduoja apsvarstyti pagalbinio apvaisinimo paslaugų teikimą ne tik santuoką sudariusioms, bet ir partnerystę įregistravusioms ar de facto santykius palaikančioms poroms, vienišoms moterims. Taip pat siūloma įteisinti lytinių ląstelių donorystę, šaldymą bei... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The main objective of the Master Thesis is the assisted reproduction’s comprehensive analysis, which is aimed to introduce and discuss the problematic aspects of this issue, as well as propose possible regulatory models based on a problem solving approach. The scientific analysis involves an evaluation of general pre-conditions considering eligibility to receive assisted reproduction services: subjects, who are entitled to apply for services, assessment of legitimacy of certain groups’ discrimination, required legal capacity, age and consent to treatment. The welfare principle of future child is considered to serve as one of the grounds to restrict provision of assisted reproduction services. Moreover, the research focuses on comparative analysis concerning biological and social parenthood concepts, establishment of legal paternity and maternity and children’s right to know their origin, bounded by the anonymity interest of gamete donors. Also, relevant issues related to gamete and embryo donation, cryopreservation, pre-implantation genetic diagnosis are being discussed. In order to meet the goals of this paper the author provides critical review on the existing legal regulation in Lithuania and the neccessity of revision of this legal act, taking into account a new proposal of Law on Assisted Reproduction submitted to the Parliament. In addition, the amendments are presented with an intention to improve the existing regulation. Thus it is recommended to consider a provision... [to full text]

Many discussions on the legal regulation of artificial fertilization are taking place in Lithuania though consensus is not yet achieved. Services of assisted reproduction cause fierce scientific, ethical, legal, and religious disputes in Lithuania and elsewhere. It is important to emphasize that legalization of in vitro fertilization at the international as well as national levels is not going to solve the problem. To do this, it is necessary to plan a mechanism of the implementation of the law which would cover many spheres of the legal regulation. The major problem becomes the shortage of scientific studies on legal regulation of artificial fertilization in Lithuania and the rest of the world. The author analyzes the issues of legal regulation of artificial fertilization in Lithuania providing a theoretical model of regulation of the procedure and implementation of the law. The analytical part of the study includes an analysis of the existing bills on artificial fertilization which reveals that both the first and the alternative bills are not quite finished yet and require improvement. Nevertheless the regulation scheme and the content of the Project IXP – 1966(2)A satisfy the main scientific paradigms defined in the theoretical part of the thesis.