Esta pesquisa apresenta dois objetivos principais. O primeiro consiste na elaboração de uma análise da organização espacial de Mégara Hyblaea com base nos resultados publicados das escavações e em outras obras que tratam do tema. Será dada ênfase especial aos espaços sagrados. A partir do levantamento das áreas cultuais e das transformações ocorridas nos locais de prática religiosa pretendemos analisar como se deu o desenvolvimento sociopolítico da cidade e buscar elementos para entender como ocorreu a emergência da polis nesse local. O segundo objetivo de nossa pesquisa é verificar, no caso de Mégara Hyblaea, como se comporta o modelo de surgimento da polis elaborado por François de Polignac. Pesquisador da Escola de Paris, Polignac promoveu uma revisão nos estudos relativos à cidade-estado grega antiga, ao apresentar a religião como elemento fomentador dos laços entre os indivíduos. De acordo com o pesquisador francês, na obra \" La naissance de la cité grecque\", os espaços sagrados comunitários teriam promovido a integração dos habitantes de um determinado local fomentando o nascimento da polis. / This research presents two main objectives. The first one consists of an analysis of space organization at Mégara Hyblaia based on the published results of archaeological excavations and other written sources that discuss this subject. Special emphasis will be given to sacred spaces. From the survey of these areas of cult and the transformations which occured in these places of religious practice, we intend to analyze the social and political developments of the city and also the polis` emergence in this place. The second objective of this research is to verify the polis emergence model elaborated by François de Polignac in the case of Mégara Hyblaia. As a researcher from the School of Paris, Polignac provided a revision on studies concerning the ancient Greek polis, and presented religion as the main element promoting interaction among individuals. According to this French researcher, in his book \"La naissance de la cité grecque\", the communal sacred spaces would promote integration among the inhabitants of a specific territory fostering the the birth of the polis.

Esta pesquisa apresenta dois objetivos principais. O primeiro consiste na elaboração de uma análise da organização espacial de Mégara Hyblaea com base nos resultados publicados das escavações e em outras obras que tratam do tema. Será dada ênfase especial aos espaços sagrados. A partir do levantamento das áreas cultuais e das transformações ocorridas nos locais de prática religiosa pretendemos analisar como se deu o desenvolvimento sociopolítico da cidade e buscar elementos para entender como ocorreu a emergência da polis nesse local. O segundo objetivo de nossa pesquisa é verificar, no caso de Mégara Hyblaea, como se comporta o modelo de surgimento da polis elaborado por François de Polignac. Pesquisador da Escola de Paris, Polignac promoveu uma revisão nos estudos relativos à cidade-estado grega antiga, ao apresentar a religião como elemento fomentador dos laços entre os indivíduos. De acordo com o pesquisador francês, na obra \" La naissance de la cité grecque\", os espaços sagrados comunitários teriam promovido a integração dos habitantes de um determinado local fomentando o nascimento da polis. / This research presents two main objectives. The first one consists of an analysis of space organization at Mégara Hyblaia based on the published results of archaeological excavations and other written sources that discuss this subject. Special emphasis will be given to sacred spaces. From the survey of these areas of cult and the transformations which occured in these places of religious practice, we intend to analyze the social and political developments of the city and also the polis` emergence in this place. The second objective of this research is to verify the polis emergence model elaborated by François de Polignac in the case of Mégara Hyblaia. As a researcher from the School of Paris, Polignac provided a revision on studies concerning the ancient Greek polis, and presented religion as the main element promoting interaction among individuals. According to this French researcher, in his book \"La naissance de la cité grecque\", the communal sacred spaces would promote integration among the inhabitants of a specific territory fostering the the birth of the polis.

La thèse s’inscrit dans le domaine de l’archéologie des colonies grecques de Sicile. Les axes de recherche privilégiés sont l’habitat, l’architecture domestique et l’urbanisme de ces villes, toutes situées en Sicile orientale. Le cadre chronologique s’étend sur les IVe et IIIe s. av. J.-C., entendus comme faisant partie de l’époque hellénistique sicilienne. Après une présentation des faits historiques les plus pertinents, la recherche se concentre sur le site de Mégara Hyblaea, l’une des premières colonies grecques de Sicile, dont on présente et analyse les vestiges inédits appartenant à l’époque retenue. Cette étude approfondie traite d’abord des éléments architecturaux, puis des pièces des maisons et enfin des plans des maisons ; les habitations identifiées sont ensuite replacées dans leur environnement urbain. Par ailleurs, chacun de ces thèmes est abordé de façon détaillée et critique à travers cinq autres sites : Camarine, Géla, Morgantina, Syracuse et Tyndaris. Cette démarche facilite les comparaisons et permet de situer l’exemple mégarien dans le contexte choisi. Enfin, d’autres études de cas, plus succinctes, portent sur des sites puniques et des sites indigènes afin d’élargir le point de vue à l’ensemble de la Sicile hellénistique. La synthèse de ces données est organisée en deux parties. La première dresse un état des lieux de la recherche sur l’habitat et l’urbanisme des cités grecques de Sicile orientale à l’époque hellénistique et présente en particulier les questions les plus débattues. Dans la deuxième partie, on propose un bilan des connaissances sur le sujet en intégrant les hypothèses et les avancées réalisées au cours de l’étude. / This thesis concerns the archaeology of the Greek colonies in Sicily. The main research focus is the domestic architecture and the urbanism of these cities, all located in Eastern Sicily. The time frame considered is the 4th and 3rd centuries BCE, during the Sicilian Hellenistic period.Following a presentation of the most relevant historical facts, the investigation focuses on the site of Megara Hyblaea, one of the first Greek colonies in Sicily; previously unpublished remains belonging to the period at issue are presented and analyzed. This in-depth study deals first with architectural elements, then with the rooms of houses and finally the house plans; identified habitations are thereafter set in their urban surrounding. Furthermore, each of these themes is tackled in a detailed and critical way through five other sites: Camarina, Gela, Morgantina, Syracuse and Tyndaris. This approach makes the comparisons easier and allows us to place the example of Megara in context. Finally, other more succinct case studies of Punic sites and indigenous sites widen the scope of this study to the whole of Hellenistic Sicily.The synthesis of this data is organized into two sections. The first part lays out the current state of research on housing and urbanism of the Greek cities in Eastern Sicily during the Hellenistic period and presents the most debated issues. In the second part, the author proposes conclusions to integrate the hypotheses and the breakthroughs arrived at in the course of this study.