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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Técnica urbana ortogonal e teoria da poesia oral: de Mégara Hibleia a Túrio / Orthogonal technique and oral poetry: from Megara Hyblaea to Thuruoi

Peixoto, Renan Falcheti 24 August 2017 (has links)
distribuída em uma moldura interpretativa criada por duas cidades separadas em suas respectivas fundações mais ou menos três séculos. A pólis arcaica de Mégara Hibleia e a pólis clássica de Túrio oferecem as maiores referências da presente pesquisa, cuja intenção é analisar o fenômeno da organização ortogonal através da teoria da poesia oral como apresentada nos estudos comparativos de Milman Parry e Albert Lord. A pesquisa etnográfica de Parry e Lord no começo do século XX com bardos iugoslavos abriu todo um novo e inspirador campo de estudos no âmbito da composição e recepção dos poemas homéricos. Com tal perspectiva, se demonstrará nas páginas seguintes um método de planejamento sem que haja o desenho de planos. Um planejamento que utiliza como recurso de composição fórmulas aritméticas que definem as proporções entre os elementos do sistema. Iniciando o problema com as evidências literárias sobre Hipodamo de Mileto, coroado por uma corrente historiográfica como primus inventor do método urbano ortogonal, se descortinará uma tradição anônima secular derivada da prática de artífices que não escreveram uma linha a respeito de sua técnica. As fórmulas ortogonais constituem medidas co-dimensionadas entre os lados do lote da casa, do quarteirão e da largura das ruas cristalizados ao longo do tempo na escansão dos quarteirões. Tomando-se miras ópticas e alinhando cordas ao longo de estradas seria possível - como em um esquadro - iniciar dois vetores das fórmulas aritméticas então traduzidas em formas geométricas. Será argumentado na análise detalhada da forma de Mégara Hibleia contra a hipótese de que exista no período arcaico a concepção de um módulo abstrato e a priori. A cidade ortogonal arcaica não é um plano-mestre pensado como um conjunto que precede suas partes. O uso dos princípios da ortogonalidade ao longo do tempo, no entanto, contribuem para o surgimento de novas fórmulas de unidades maiores que em cidades como Túrio consignam dentro de sua área o agrupamento de um dado número de quarteirões. Isto é o indício de que a cidade ortogonal comensura-se então como um conjunto articulado de partes. Ao questionar a leitura moderna que, sob um paradigma literário, vê nos planos e desenhos de reconstituição da malha original das cidades ortogonais um produto de um exercício por excelência abstrato, mental e a priori, se discutirá, por consequência, a ontologia do artefato arqueológico, os fundamentos epistemológicos da arqueologia que, desde seu vir-a-ser como disciplina acadêmica, se ampara de uma série de ferramentas interpretativas herdadas da cosmologia moderna ocidental. O texto circulará, portanto, em vias interdisciplinares entre arqueologia, filologia, filosofia, sociologia, antropologia e história da arte. / The Greek orthogonal technique, especially in the urban contexts of Sicily and south Italy (Magna Graecia), could be distributed in a interpretative frame created by the archaeological tale of two cities separated in its foundations more or less three hundred years. The Archaic polis of Megara Hyblaea and the Classical polis of Thurioi offer the two major references of the present research which intends to analyze the phenomenon of orthogonal organization through the oral poetry theory as presented in the comparative studies of Milman Parry and Albert Lord. The ethnographic research of Parry and Lord in the earlier twentieth century with Yugoslavian singers opens a new and inspiring field on the composition and reception of the Homeric poems. With this perspective, it will be demonstrate in the following pages a planning method without any design plans. A planning that uses as compositional resources arithmetical formulas that define the proportional dimensions between the elements of the system. Initiating the subject with the literary evidences about Hipodamus of Miletus, crowned by a historiographical current as primus inventor of the orthogonal method, will be uncovered the anonymous secular tradition derived from the practice of craftsmen who did not write a single word about their techniques. The orthogonal formulas constitute co-dimensioned measures between the sides of the house lot, the block and the width of streets crystallized over time in the scansion of the blocks. Taking optical sights and aligning ropes along roads would be possible - as in a square - to start two vectors from the arithmetical formulas then translated in geometrical forms. It will be argued in the detailed analysis of Megara Hyblaea\'s layout against the hypothesis that there is in the Archaic period a conception of an abstract and a priori module. The orthogonal Archaic city it is not a master plan thought as a set which precedes its parts. The continued use of the orthogonal principles over time, however, contribute to the emergence of new formulas of larger unities which in cities like Thurioi consigns inside its area the grouping of a given number of blocks. This is a sign of a notion then that the orthogonal city is co-measured from a set articulated of parts. By questioning the modern lecture which, under a literary paradigm, sees the reconstituted plans and drawings of an original orthogonal grid a byproduct of an abstract, mental and a priori exercise, it will be discussed, by consequence, the ontology of the archaeological artifact, the archaeology\'s epistemological fundaments that, since its becoming as an academic discipline, relies on a series of interpretative tools inherited from modern Western cosmology. It will be circulate, therefore, in interdisciplinary roads between archaeology, philology, philosophy, sociology, anthropology and art history.
2

Habitat et urbanisme dans les cités grecques de Sicile orientale à l’époque hellénistique (IVe - IIIe s. av. J.-C.) : L’exemple de Mégara Hyblaea / Housing and urbanism in the Greek cities of eastern Sicily in the Hellenistic periode (IVth-IIIrd cent. BCE) : The example of Megara Hyblaea

Mège, Frédéric 06 July 2015 (has links)
La thèse s’inscrit dans le domaine de l’archéologie des colonies grecques de Sicile. Les axes de recherche privilégiés sont l’habitat, l’architecture domestique et l’urbanisme de ces villes, toutes situées en Sicile orientale. Le cadre chronologique s’étend sur les IVe et IIIe s. av. J.-C., entendus comme faisant partie de l’époque hellénistique sicilienne. Après une présentation des faits historiques les plus pertinents, la recherche se concentre sur le site de Mégara Hyblaea, l’une des premières colonies grecques de Sicile, dont on présente et analyse les vestiges inédits appartenant à l’époque retenue. Cette étude approfondie traite d’abord des éléments architecturaux, puis des pièces des maisons et enfin des plans des maisons ; les habitations identifiées sont ensuite replacées dans leur environnement urbain. Par ailleurs, chacun de ces thèmes est abordé de façon détaillée et critique à travers cinq autres sites : Camarine, Géla, Morgantina, Syracuse et Tyndaris. Cette démarche facilite les comparaisons et permet de situer l’exemple mégarien dans le contexte choisi. Enfin, d’autres études de cas, plus succinctes, portent sur des sites puniques et des sites indigènes afin d’élargir le point de vue à l’ensemble de la Sicile hellénistique. La synthèse de ces données est organisée en deux parties. La première dresse un état des lieux de la recherche sur l’habitat et l’urbanisme des cités grecques de Sicile orientale à l’époque hellénistique et présente en particulier les questions les plus débattues. Dans la deuxième partie, on propose un bilan des connaissances sur le sujet en intégrant les hypothèses et les avancées réalisées au cours de l’étude. / This thesis concerns the archaeology of the Greek colonies in Sicily. The main research focus is the domestic architecture and the urbanism of these cities, all located in Eastern Sicily. The time frame considered is the 4th and 3rd centuries BCE, during the Sicilian Hellenistic period.Following a presentation of the most relevant historical facts, the investigation focuses on the site of Megara Hyblaea, one of the first Greek colonies in Sicily; previously unpublished remains belonging to the period at issue are presented and analyzed. This in-depth study deals first with architectural elements, then with the rooms of houses and finally the house plans; identified habitations are thereafter set in their urban surrounding. Furthermore, each of these themes is tackled in a detailed and critical way through five other sites: Camarina, Gela, Morgantina, Syracuse and Tyndaris. This approach makes the comparisons easier and allows us to place the example of Megara in context. Finally, other more succinct case studies of Punic sites and indigenous sites widen the scope of this study to the whole of Hellenistic Sicily.The synthesis of this data is organized into two sections. The first part lays out the current state of research on housing and urbanism of the Greek cities in Eastern Sicily during the Hellenistic period and presents the most debated issues. In the second part, the author proposes conclusions to integrate the hypotheses and the breakthroughs arrived at in the course of this study.
3

Técnica urbana ortogonal e teoria da poesia oral: de Mégara Hibleia a Túrio / Orthogonal technique and oral poetry: from Megara Hyblaea to Thuruoi

Renan Falcheti Peixoto 24 August 2017 (has links)
distribuída em uma moldura interpretativa criada por duas cidades separadas em suas respectivas fundações mais ou menos três séculos. A pólis arcaica de Mégara Hibleia e a pólis clássica de Túrio oferecem as maiores referências da presente pesquisa, cuja intenção é analisar o fenômeno da organização ortogonal através da teoria da poesia oral como apresentada nos estudos comparativos de Milman Parry e Albert Lord. A pesquisa etnográfica de Parry e Lord no começo do século XX com bardos iugoslavos abriu todo um novo e inspirador campo de estudos no âmbito da composição e recepção dos poemas homéricos. Com tal perspectiva, se demonstrará nas páginas seguintes um método de planejamento sem que haja o desenho de planos. Um planejamento que utiliza como recurso de composição fórmulas aritméticas que definem as proporções entre os elementos do sistema. Iniciando o problema com as evidências literárias sobre Hipodamo de Mileto, coroado por uma corrente historiográfica como primus inventor do método urbano ortogonal, se descortinará uma tradição anônima secular derivada da prática de artífices que não escreveram uma linha a respeito de sua técnica. As fórmulas ortogonais constituem medidas co-dimensionadas entre os lados do lote da casa, do quarteirão e da largura das ruas cristalizados ao longo do tempo na escansão dos quarteirões. Tomando-se miras ópticas e alinhando cordas ao longo de estradas seria possível - como em um esquadro - iniciar dois vetores das fórmulas aritméticas então traduzidas em formas geométricas. Será argumentado na análise detalhada da forma de Mégara Hibleia contra a hipótese de que exista no período arcaico a concepção de um módulo abstrato e a priori. A cidade ortogonal arcaica não é um plano-mestre pensado como um conjunto que precede suas partes. O uso dos princípios da ortogonalidade ao longo do tempo, no entanto, contribuem para o surgimento de novas fórmulas de unidades maiores que em cidades como Túrio consignam dentro de sua área o agrupamento de um dado número de quarteirões. Isto é o indício de que a cidade ortogonal comensura-se então como um conjunto articulado de partes. Ao questionar a leitura moderna que, sob um paradigma literário, vê nos planos e desenhos de reconstituição da malha original das cidades ortogonais um produto de um exercício por excelência abstrato, mental e a priori, se discutirá, por consequência, a ontologia do artefato arqueológico, os fundamentos epistemológicos da arqueologia que, desde seu vir-a-ser como disciplina acadêmica, se ampara de uma série de ferramentas interpretativas herdadas da cosmologia moderna ocidental. O texto circulará, portanto, em vias interdisciplinares entre arqueologia, filologia, filosofia, sociologia, antropologia e história da arte. / The Greek orthogonal technique, especially in the urban contexts of Sicily and south Italy (Magna Graecia), could be distributed in a interpretative frame created by the archaeological tale of two cities separated in its foundations more or less three hundred years. The Archaic polis of Megara Hyblaea and the Classical polis of Thurioi offer the two major references of the present research which intends to analyze the phenomenon of orthogonal organization through the oral poetry theory as presented in the comparative studies of Milman Parry and Albert Lord. The ethnographic research of Parry and Lord in the earlier twentieth century with Yugoslavian singers opens a new and inspiring field on the composition and reception of the Homeric poems. With this perspective, it will be demonstrate in the following pages a planning method without any design plans. A planning that uses as compositional resources arithmetical formulas that define the proportional dimensions between the elements of the system. Initiating the subject with the literary evidences about Hipodamus of Miletus, crowned by a historiographical current as primus inventor of the orthogonal method, will be uncovered the anonymous secular tradition derived from the practice of craftsmen who did not write a single word about their techniques. The orthogonal formulas constitute co-dimensioned measures between the sides of the house lot, the block and the width of streets crystallized over time in the scansion of the blocks. Taking optical sights and aligning ropes along roads would be possible - as in a square - to start two vectors from the arithmetical formulas then translated in geometrical forms. It will be argued in the detailed analysis of Megara Hyblaea\'s layout against the hypothesis that there is in the Archaic period a conception of an abstract and a priori module. The orthogonal Archaic city it is not a master plan thought as a set which precedes its parts. The continued use of the orthogonal principles over time, however, contribute to the emergence of new formulas of larger unities which in cities like Thurioi consigns inside its area the grouping of a given number of blocks. This is a sign of a notion then that the orthogonal city is co-measured from a set articulated of parts. By questioning the modern lecture which, under a literary paradigm, sees the reconstituted plans and drawings of an original orthogonal grid a byproduct of an abstract, mental and a priori exercise, it will be discussed, by consequence, the ontology of the archaeological artifact, the archaeology\'s epistemological fundaments that, since its becoming as an academic discipline, relies on a series of interpretative tools inherited from modern Western cosmology. It will be circulate, therefore, in interdisciplinary roads between archaeology, philology, philosophy, sociology, anthropology and art history.
4

Collective Consciousness: The Archaeology of Urbanization, Monumentalization, and Polis Formation in the Greek Apoikiai of Sicily from the Early Archaic to Early Classical Periods

Moniz, Kaitlyn Marie 11 1900 (has links)
Urbanization in the Sikeliot apoikiai was the catalyst to the creation and reinforcement of polis identity from soon after the point of initial settlement onwards. A main priority of the Greek settlers was to first layout the foundations for an urban grid, and within this grid to designate space for ritual practice, later monumentalized during the Archaic and Classical periods following the growth of the polis. A diachronic and geographical survey of urbanization and of the religious architecture, art, and votives dating to the Archaic and Classical periods illustrates this; this survey centers around seven major Greek settlements in Sicily: Naxos, Megara Hyblaea, Syracuse, Himera, Gela, Akragas, and Selinus. While the process of urbanization also occurred on the Greek mainland, it was not prior to the phenomenon taking place in Sicily, rendering the Sikeliot poleis simply as imitations of mainland poleis as once argued; rather urbanization in Sicily occurred over a timeline parallel to that of the mainland. The development of Sikeliot trends and even prototypes in temple architecture and urban planning confirm this in the material evidence. There is also no evidence of the apoikiai in Sicily ever adopting poliadic deities, a traditional quality of polis identity within mainland poleis. Their polis identities were not rooted in the cult practice of poliadic deities, but in cult practice itself, which fostered a collective consciousness among polis inhabitants by virtue of shared ritual practice, reinforced by the monumentalization of religious space; cult practice is what affirmed and reaffirmed their polis identity. / Thesis / Master of Arts (MA)

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