Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2006. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Brandeis University, International Business School, 2006. / Adviser: Blake LeBaron. Includes bibliographical references (p. 107-111)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 1986. / Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 132-136). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center.

This thesis describes the development of electrochemical analytical approaches for the investigation of sulphide detection in stagnant and fluidic environments. The project reports the use of Fourier transform large amplitude alternating current voltammetry (FTACV) as a novel analytical technique for the investigation of sulphide sensing. Novel reactor technology and FTACV measurements carried out using macro and microelectrodes in stagnant and fluidic conditions are reported for the first time. The novel strategy adopts the use of an electrocatalytic (EC') mechanism by using a redox mediator to facilitate the reaction with sulphide in aqueous solutions. In order to support the analysis of FTACV, other electrochemical analytical techniques, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), were also employed to support the observations from FTACV. Chapter 3 reports the application of the CV and FTACV for the detection of sulphide in stagnant conditions at a macroscale electrode. A split wave phenomenon, which is related to the reaction with sulphide, was observed both in the CV and FTACV. By measuring the current behaviour of the split wave, sulphide content in aqueous solution can be determined. Importantly, the split wave phenomenon of the FTACV is the first documented observation using macroscale electrodes. These observations highlight the potential of FTACV to support the detection of sulphide detection. Numerical models of the system are also presented from the calculation to support the experimental interpretation of the voltammetric responses of the CV and FTACV. In Chapter 4 measurements were focused on the voltammetric response of sulphide containing aqueous solutions using microelectrodes. In conventional CV measurements, the split wave behaviour observed at macroelectode disappears from the DC signal; however, for the FTACV measurements, the split wave can still be observed in the higher harmonics providing a clear and simple strategy for detecting sulphide. The results achieved in the FTACV are the first documented observation under the steady state at microelectrodes. Again numerical simulations are reported for this case to support the experimental results. Chapter 5 extends the FTACV measurements for sulphide detection to hydrodynamic environments. The design, development and application of a microfluidic electrochemical system are reported. Split wave characteristics were for the first time detected in both dc and FTACV measurements. The results support the possibility of using dc and ac voltammetry to detect sulphide, while also being used as a guide to assess the split-wave behaviour of the EC' mechanism under fluidic conditions. Numerical models were used to support the analysis of the experimental measurements.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:34:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2005-02Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:45:51Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 rodrigues_hl_dr_guara.pdf: 9863359 bytes, checksum: 8b410bae9d6a8516cca10d9c51e2625b (MD5) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / As necessidades do mercado mundial têm motivado a pesquisa de novos materiais para a fabricação de ferramentas e, apesar da evolução no projeto e manufatura de máquinas ferramenta, da otimização constante dos processos de fabricação e da tendência de crescimento da automação industrial, estes materiais continuam como um dos fatores limitantes no processo de usinagem. A deposição de finas camadas de carbetos sobre um substrato de metal duro, ao final da década de 60, resultou em um aumento da velocidade de corte e da vida da ferramenta. Atualmente os revestimentos mais aplicados são o nitreto de titânio (TiN), o óxido de alumínio (Al2O3), o carbeto de titânio (TiC), o carbonitreto de titânio (TiCN) e o nitreto de alumínio titânio (TiNAl). Neste trabalho, com o objetivo de avaliar e relacionar os valores do desgaste de flanco e da rugosidade da peça usinada, foram realizados testes de usinagem em aço ABNT-1050 com ferramentas de metal duro revestido por carbeto de titânio (TiC), óxido de alumínio (Al2O3) e nitreto de titânio (TiN). Sob uma velocidade de corte de 297 m/min, profundidade de usinagem de 0,5 mm e avanço de 0,15 mm/rot, tornearam-se percursos de corte correspondentes aos seguintes tempos: 2,2 min, 4,1 min, 6,14 min, 7,9 min, 14,2 min e 18,6 min. Verificou-se que os mecanismos de desgaste por difusão, adesão e delaminação, atuantes nas superfícies de folga das ferramentas, influenciaram o acabamento superficial das peças usinadas, enquanto que a influência principal no crescimento do desgaste de flanco (VB) resultou da ação do mecanismo de desgaste por difusão. / The needs of the world market have improved the research of new materials for tools production. Besides the design and manufacturing of tool-machines, the constant optimization of production process and the growth tendency of industrial automation, these materials continue being one of the limiters factors in a machining process. The deposition of fine carbide layers on hard metal substrates, at the end of 60 s, resulted in a increase of the cutting speed and tool life. Now, the main coating materials are titanium nitride (TiN), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), titanium carbide (TiC), titanium carbon nitride (TiCN) and titanium aluminum nitride (TiNAl). In this work, several machining tests in a ABNT-1050 steel with hard metal tools coated by TiC, Al2O3 and TiN were been realized in order to evaluate the tool flank wear and the workpiece roughness. Cutting speed of 297 m/min, cutting depth of 0.5 mm and feed of 0.15 mm/rot were applied to machine cutting paths corresponding 2.2 min, 4.1 min, 6.14 min, 7.9 min, 14.2 min and 18.6 min. Diffusion, adhesion and delamination wear mechanisms were verified in the tool flank surface, having influence in the surface roughness of the machined workpieces, while the flank wear growth (VB) were resulted by the action of diffusion wear mechanism.

Orientador: Sérgio João Crnkovic / Banca: Marcelo dos Santos Pereira / Banca: Marcos Valério Ribeiro / Banca: Olivério Moreira de Macado Silva / Resumo: As necessidades do mercado mundial têm motivado a pesquisa de novos materiais para a fabricação de ferramentas e, apesar da evolução no projeto e manufatura de máquinas ferramenta, da otimização constante dos processos de fabricação e da tendência de crescimento da automação industrial, estes materiais continuam como um dos fatores limitantes no processo de usinagem. A deposição de finas camadas de carbetos sobre um substrato de metal duro, ao final da década de 60, resultou em um aumento da velocidade de corte e da vida da ferramenta. Atualmente os revestimentos mais aplicados são o nitreto de titânio (TiN), o óxido de alumínio (Al2O3), o carbeto de titânio (TiC), o carbonitreto de titânio (TiCN) e o nitreto de alumínio titânio (TiNAl). Neste trabalho, com o objetivo de avaliar e relacionar os valores do desgaste de flanco e da rugosidade da peça usinada, foram realizados testes de usinagem em aço ABNT-1050 com ferramentas de metal duro revestido por carbeto de titânio (TiC), óxido de alumínio (Al2O3) e nitreto de titânio (TiN). Sob uma velocidade de corte de 297 m/min, profundidade de usinagem de 0,5 mm e avanço de 0,15 mm/rot, tornearam-se percursos de corte correspondentes aos seguintes tempos: 2,2 min, 4,1 min, 6,14 min, 7,9 min, 14,2 min e 18,6 min. Verificou-se que os mecanismos de desgaste por difusão, adesão e delaminação, atuantes nas superfícies de folga das ferramentas, influenciaram o acabamento superficial das peças usinadas, enquanto que a influência principal no crescimento do desgaste de flanco (VB) resultou da ação do mecanismo de desgaste por difusão. / Abstract: The needs of the world market have improved the research of new materials for tools production. Besides the design and manufacturing of tool-machines, the constant optimization of production process and the growth tendency of industrial automation, these materials continue being one of the limiters factors in a machining process. The deposition of fine carbide layers on hard metal substrates, at the end of 60’s, resulted in a increase of the cutting speed and tool life. Now, the main coating materials are titanium nitride (TiN), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), titanium carbide (TiC), titanium carbon nitride (TiCN) and titanium aluminum nitride (TiNAl). In this work, several machining tests in a ABNT-1050 steel with hard metal tools coated by TiC, Al2O3 and TiN were been realized in order to evaluate the tool flank wear and the workpiece roughness. Cutting speed of 297 m/min, cutting depth of 0.5 mm and feed of 0.15 mm/rot were applied to machine cutting paths corresponding 2.2 min, 4.1 min, 6.14 min, 7.9 min, 14.2 min and 18.6 min. Diffusion, adhesion and delamination wear mechanisms were verified in the tool flank surface, having influence in the surface roughness of the machined workpieces, while the flank wear growth (VB) were resulted by the action of diffusion wear mechanism. / Doutor

University of Macau / Faculty of Science and Technology / Department of Electromechanical Engineering

Chez les eucaryotes, la transcription de l’information génétique en ARN messager (ARNm) est un processus complexe nécessitant de multiples modifications de la molécule d’ARN précurseur. D’après le modèle actuel, l’ARN naissant est recouvert de protéines pour former une particule ribonucléoprotéique (mRNP). Ces étapes de maturation et d’assemblage du transcrit, connues sous le nom de biogénèse des mRNPs, sont physiquement et fonctionnellement couplées à la transcription. Elles assurent l’intégrité ainsi que l’export du transcrit vers le cytoplasme pour y être traduit en protéine. La production du transcrit mature est interconnectée à une étape de contrôle qualité afin d’éviter l’export de transcrits aberrants. Pour identifier de nouveaux facteurs de la biogénèse des mRNPs et comprendre le mode de signalisation des transcrits aberrants, nous avons élaboré un crible innovant. Il repose sur la perturbation de l’expression des gènes de Saccharomyces cerevisiae par le facteur bactérien Rho, capable de dissocier des protéines liées à une molécule d’ARN in vitro. L’expression de Rho chez la levure perturbe l’assemblage nucléoprotéique co-transcriptionnel et génère des transcrits aberrants qui sont dégradés par le système de surveillance nucléaire. Cette étude révèle les interactions dynamiques des facteurs avec le complexe transcriptionnel et leurs implications dans le mécanisme de reconnaissance des transcrits aberrants par la machinerie de dégradation. Notre méthodologie ouvre des perspectives intéressantes pour détecter de nouveaux facteurs de la biogénèse des mRNPs et évaluer leurs rôles dans la régulation de l’expression des gènes. / In eukaryotes, the transcription of genetic information into messenger RNA is a complex process which requires multiple modifications of precursor RNA molecule, termed mRNA processing. Current view is that the nascent RNA is sequentially coated with a large set of proteins to generate messenger ribonucleoprotein particles (mRNPs). Various mRNA processing and assembly events, known as mRNP biogenesis, are coupled physically and functionally to transcription. They confer integrity and promote export of transcript to the cytoplasm for translation. The production of mature export-competent transcripts is interconnected with a quality control step in order to avoid the export of improperly processed transcript. To identify new factors of mRNP biogenesis and understand the signalisation mode of aberrant transcripts, we have implemented an innovative screen. This screen is based on the perturbation of gene expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by bacterial Rho factor which is able to disrupt proteins interacting with RNA molecule in vitro. Rho expression in yeast interferes with co-transcriptional nucleoprotein assembly and generates aberrant transcripts which are degraded by the nuclear surveillance system. This study reveals dynamic interactions of protein factors with transcriptional complex and their implications in recognition of aberrant transcripts by the degradation machinery. Our methodology opens interesting prospects to detect new mRNP biogenesis factors and value their role in regulation of genes expression.

The equations of motion describing a robot's dynamics are coupled and nonlinear, making the design of an optimum controller difficult using classical techniques. In this work an explicit adaptive control law is proposed based on a discrete linear model for each link and on the minimization of a quadratic performance criterion. The system parameters are recursively estimated at each control step using least squares. A computer simulation of the resulting scheme is performed to evaluate the controller. The simulation model is based on the first three links of an existing robot, includes motor dynamics and treats the wrist assembly as a load mass. Simulated test paths requiring movement of the outer two links indicate that the controller adapts and that its behaviour is stable and convergent. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Mechanical Engineering, Department of / Graduate

No description available.