The patterns of paid and unpaid work adopted by migrants families with dependent children are more or less similar to that of prevailing working pattern of men and women of Australian born couples. A case study with 28 couple families, 14 husbands and 14 wives who migrated from Nepal under "skill" or "professional" category and the literature review on paid and unpaid work of couple families with dependent children show that in both families the trend of change of working pattern in paid and unpaid work is similar. With the increased participation of married women in the paid labour force, men increased participation in household work. There is increased household work for both husbands and wives, but women tend to do more household "inside" and childcare work than men. In the mean time, men tend to do more work in the "masculine" sphere of "outside" work in house maintenance, repair and car care. The only factor that differentiates working pattern of migrant families with Australian born families is the experience of migration and the category that they migrated. The change of working practice of paid and unpaid work of migrant families are affected by the change of family type from extended family to two generational family and their education and previous work experience that they brought along with them. Professional migrants who migrated family as a "unit" migrated spouse and dependent children together and they made their own decision to migrate, unlike other categories of migrants who migrated from political or economic pressure. One of the important experiences of migrant families is that there are new opportunity, new lifestyle, new intimacy and companionship and new sharing of work between husbands and wives after migration. At the same time, there are losses of extended family relatives, close friends and cultural event which affects their day to day lives. There are Australian based friends who provided support in the initial period of migration but these families do not provide regular assistance or support which family relatives provided in Nepal.

Thesis (Ph.D.(Agricultural Economics, Extension and Rural Development))--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Abstract in English. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 222-241).

Univ., Diss--Ottawa.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Southern California, 2008. / Adviser: Sarah Banet-Weiser. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hong Kong, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 291-338) Also available in print.

Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Title proper from title frame. Also available in printed format.

Magister Artium - MA / The 1990s came with many changes and developments in South Africa, especially in the political and social lives of people and their public institutions. The concept of transformation and transition became a household word, from red-carpeted parliamentary corridors to tiny gravel township streets and villages in rural communities. Two community museums emerged in the Western Cape cultural and heritage landscape in response to these political changes: the South African Jewish Museum and the Lwandle Migrant Labour Museum. The extensively revamped South African Jewish Museum, which opened its doors in 1997, is situated in centre of the city of Cape Town (which under apartheid was designated as a white area). It is accommodated in the one of the oldest buildings in South Africa, the original building of the first SA Jewish synagogue built in 1862. The building has been extended, added to and extensively refurbished. The Lwandle Migrant Labour Museum is an entirely new institution in the post apartheid democratic South Africa. It is situated in a township forty kilometers from the Cape Town city centre. During the days of apartheid Lwandle township was designated as a place for black male hostel dwellers. The museum is accommodated in an old community hall, which was once a hostel dwellers recreational hall.

<b>Background:</b> Perinatal depression is a significant contributor to maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Left untreated, perinatal depression has severe and far-reaching consequences for women, their families and wider society. Migrant women, including labour migrants and refugees, may be particularly prone to developing perinatal depression as a result of multiple stressors associated with displacement. Despite the vast majority of global migration flows occurring within low- and middle-income countries, evidence from these regions is severely lacking. This research addresses this imbalance by examining perinatal depression in migrant women living on the Thai-Myanmar border: a resource-poor setting of political tension and socio-economic disadvantage. <b>Aims:</b> This research aims to review the existing evidence around perinatal depression among migrant women from low- and middle-income settings; identify an appropriate tool to detect perinatal depression in migrant women on the Thai-Myanmar border; determine the prevalence of, and risk factors for, perinatal depression in this setting; explore women's experiences of perinatal depression; and develop recommendations for policy and practice. <b>Methods:</b> A sequential-exploratory mixed-methods design was used. The research included the following five study components: a systematic literature review; a validation study to identify a culturally-acceptable and appropriate assessment tool; a prospective cohort study of migrant women on the Thai-Myanmar border followed-up from the first trimester of pregnancy to one month post-partum; in-depth interviews with a subgroup of women with severe perinatal depression; and an informal exploration of stakeholder views. <b>Findings:</b> The systematic review found a wide range in prevalence of perinatal depression among migrant women and confirmed the absence of studies conducted in low-and middle-income destination countries. A total of 568 migrant women on the Thai-Myanmar border participated in the prospective cohort study, of whom 18.5% experienced moderate-severe depression and 39.8% experienced depression of any severity during the perinatal period. Almost a third (29%) of women reported suicidal ideation. Interpersonal violence (OR 4.5), experience of trauma (OR 2.4), a self-reported history of depression (OR 2.3) and perceived insufficiency of social support (OR 2.1) were significantly associated with perinatal depression. Lives of women with severe perinatal depression were characterised by difficult partner relationships, alcohol use among partners and interpersonal violence. A lack of mental health services currently limits the effective management of perinatal depression in this setting. Alongside training of health staff, primary, secondary and tertiary prevention efforts are required to effectively address perinatal depression on the Thai-Myanmar border.

Si la transmission orale est l’expression culturelle d'une connaissance sensible du contexte, que devient-elle lorsque la personne se déterritorialise? Nous nous interrogeons ici sur la fonction de la ritournelle, substance immatérielle nécessaire à la construction des identités. En sciences de l’éducation comme en anthropologie, persiste la question de ce qui se passe au seuil du corps, là où la parole commence. Nous tentons dans cette recherche de tracer les contours d’une matrice méthodologique pour une poïétique du savoir. Le Béarn, terre d’ancrage territorial vivace, mais aussi terre traditionnelle d’émigration vers l’Argentine est notre terrain d’étude. Notre corpus est double (textes de chansons et entretiens) tout comme notre méthodologie (analyse lexicale et analyse du discours) car nous explorons ici les potentiels de croisements entre différents niveaux d’expression. Agissant au seuil du territoire entre soi et autrui, la chanson contraint à un effort d’intelligibilité semblable à la situation pédagogique où il s’agit de dire à travers, traduire, peut-être même trahir pour transmettre un objet de connaissance mais surtout l’acte de transmettre lui-même et l’espoir qu’il se répète à travers les générations. Cette recherche nous conduit à assumer la transdisciplinarité d’une anthropologie de l’éducation et à intégrer les regards des sciences du vivant pour aborder les questions des constructions enchevêtrées des identités culturelles en situation de migration. Nous exposons dans un deuxième temps le nouvel outil d’analyse que nous avons dû élaborer pour observer les phénomènes culturels in vivo. / If the oral transmission as poetic form, is the cultural expression of a sensitive knowledge of the context, what about it when the person deterritorialize herself? We wonder about the function of the ritornello, essential immaterial substance to identities construction. The French province of Bearn, land of strong territorial anchoring, but also traditional land of emigration to Argentina, will be our ground of study. In learning science as well as in anthropology, persists the question of what happens at the threshold of the body, at the very place where speech begins. Our attempt in this study will be to draw the outlines of a methodological matrix in terms of poietics of knowledge. Our corpus is double (Lyrics and interviews) as well as our methodology (lexical analysis and discourse analysis) because we are exploring potential crossing between different expression levels. Acting on the threshold of the territory between self and others, the song forces us to intelligibility as the teaching context does, where it comes to say through, translate, maybe even betray in order to pass on a knowledge but above all the Act of transmitting itself, and the hope it will be repeated through generations. This research leads us to assume the transdisciplinarity of an anthropology of education and to integrate the approach of life sciences to address issues of overlapping constructions of cultural identities in situations of migration. We shall subsequently the new analysis tool that we had to develop to observe cultural phenomena in vivo.

A two-way bond between translation and migration has appeared in the most recent texts in the social sciences and humanities: this connection between the two is exemplified by the mobility metaphor, which considers both practices as journeys across cultural, linguistic and geographical borders. Among the different ways this mobility metaphor can be studied, two particular areas of investigation are of interest for this research: firstly, migrant writing, a literary genre shaped from the increasing migratory movements worldwide; the second area of interest is literary translation, the activity that shapes the way these narratives are disseminated beyond the linguistic borders they were produced in. My investigation into the role of literary translation in the construction and circulation of a migrant discourse starts with the claim that writing and translation in itinerant contexts are driven by, and participate in, the idea of the journey: an interlingual and intercultural flow regulated by social/economic/artistic constraints, a movement in which the migrant experience is ‘translated’ in writing and then ‘migrated’ across languages and spaces. The present analysis focuses on the representative case study of migrant narratives by Canadian writers of Italian descent: their shared reflections on the themes of nostalgia and the mythical search for roots, together with a set of specific linguistic devices – hybridity, juxtaposition of languages, idiolects and registers – create a distinctive literary migrant discourse, that of the return to the land of origin. Guided primarily by the theoretical framework of Cultural Studies, the first part of this work seeks to illustrate how thematic and linguistic elements contribute to the construction of a homecoming discourse in original migrant narratives, and how this relates to the translation practice. Subsequently, the analysis moves to the examination of how these motives are reproduced in the translated texts, and what is/are the key rationale/s behind the translation of this type of works. Ultimately, my research takes a sociologically informed interest in the influence of translation and its agents in endorsing and/or manipulating this rationale in the receiving culture. In fact, this research aims to represent equally the human and cultural-linguistic aspects that affect these translational journeys, concentrating, firstly, on the actors (authors and literary translators) and the social and artistic environments that surround the production of both the source and target texts and, subsequently, on the texts themselves.