In the first part of the submitted diploma thesis, the knowledge in the sphere of the fracture mechanics, related to the practice part of this thesis are summarized. In that the 2D parametrical numerical model of the particle composite with multiple cracks was created, using the finite elements method. Thanks to this model it is possible to find specific configurations which are showing the existance of multiple mutual interactions between these cracks, just by simple manipulation of the input data. In the calculations the influence of the residual stresses was considered which are formed during production of the material. The effect of the subcritical crack growth was taken into account as well in this thesis.

The thesis is concerned with creating of a computational model of open-cell ceramic foam and determining mechanical properties of open-cell ceramic foam using computational modeling. The geometry of Kelvin cell was used for creating the model of geometry of the foam. The model of geometry of ceramic foam structure was meshed with solid elements, with beam elements and with combination of rigid beam and beam elements. Elastic properties of the foam were determined by two types of mechanical loading. Young´s modulus and Poisson´s ratio were determined by tensile/compressive mechanical loading and shear modulus was determined by shear mechanical loading. The relationship between mechanical properties of the foam and the ratio of diameter of strut D and length of strut L was analysed in the thesis. A good agreement was found out between Young´s modulus determined by solid element based and Young´s modulus determined by modified beam based model of geometry of the foam structure – for ratio D/L up to 0,6. In the case of Poisson´s ratio a good agreement was determined up to D/L = 0,4. In conclusion the value of Young´s modulus 1,97 GPa which was determined by computational modeling was compared with the value 1,56 GPa which was determined experimentally on ceramic foam. This difference was caused by idealization of geometry of the real ceramic foam material. In addition, mechanical properties of the ceramic foam material are influenced by structural imperfections of the material.

This work is focused on oxide scale failure and characteristics created in high temperature – supercritical processes. The presence of high temperature corrosion in supercritical processes is minimalised by selection of the right material. For this work was selected material X10CrMoVNb9-1, where formulas of present oxidation scales are Fe2O3, Fe3O4 and FeCr2O4. Each oxidation scale has its own mechanical properties thus it is important to notice scale arrangement, thickness and geometry. Oxide scale mechanical properties, scale failure mechanisms and oxidation scale growth is evaluated in this work. Tension and pressure oxide scale failure are determined by critical values, which are mentioned in this work. Thanks to these values there was possibility to verify the authenticity of the finite element model. Oxidation scales created in heat exchangers are badly accessible thus it is difficult to observe them or remove them mechanically. Tube finite element model with oxidation scales was created in this work. There are simulations of scales on selected steel in supercritical conditions (pressure 24 MPa, temperature 500 °C). Simulation and analytic results are compared. Failure operative conditions are searched for scale FeCr2O4 until its compleate delamination and separation from metal. Aim of this work is to create an oxidation scale model with a possibility of futher use.

Aim of this work is description of design and manufacturing by welding technology of adjustable runner blades circle of Kaplan turbine. For designing and its subsequent strength control using the finite element method were performed with using static analysis in the program SolidWorks ® 2013. Material of adjustable runner blades circle's parts was designed S 355 J2 G3, which is able to withstand a given load. In the design of technology of welding there was elected MAG-welding method, with the active gas mixture Ar +18% CO2. Additive material for welding will be OK Autrod 12.51, like it‘s marked by ESAB s.r.o. For each weld is necessary to create the welding edge, which is made on computer controlled machining machines. In the production we require strict adherence to the prescribed workflow and compliance with WPS protocol. After welding and machining of adjustable runner blades circle we will make weld test, visual examination, dye penetrant and ultrasonic examination.

This master’s thesis deals with structural design of twin heat exchanger with vertically stacked horizontal vessels according to CSN EN 13 445 standard. Brief introduction and basic characteristics of shell and tube heat exchangers is performed in the beginning part of the thesis. Design of the heat exchanger was initially performed using design by formula (DBF), which was verified by specialized software Sant´Ambrogio. Since this approach does not include methods for assessment of the nonstandard connection between the vessels, simulations of significant load states were performed using FEM analyses followed by result evaluation using stress categories.

Variety of problems can appear when introducing dental implants, especially to in the maxilla. Biggest problems are caused by insufficient quality and volume of the bone tissue of the alveolar process. This thesis focuses on stress-strain analysis of an implant introduced in the maxilla. Mechanical interaction between the implant and bone tissue is solved using computational modelling with the finite element method. From analysis of results, it was discovered that deformation and tension of the implant are influenced by the direction of the load, osseointegration and thickness of the cortical bone tissue. In the anterior region, it is necessary to work with other types of load than axial.

The diploma thesis deals with static analysis of the Black bridge in Hodonín city. The creation of the numerical model in ANSYS sw. is described according to the existing project documentation, followed by the application of loading and boundary conditions (including the solution of foundation soil placed on the piles). The selection of the loading is used according ČSN EN standards for analysis and verification of the main construction parts. This work also includes verification of the piles deformations calculated both in ANSYS sw. and by the direct stiffness method (MS Excel is used) and their comparison is done. Amongst other attachments, the verification of the load carrying capacity of the structure (respecting the current traffic limitation allowing only one vehicle to be on the bridge structure) is also provided.

The diploma thesis deals with a mechanical and thermal analysis of 3-cylinder petrol engine piston with capacity of 1,2 l and maximal output 47 kW. The computation analysis was created with the use of finite element method in the Ansys application. The strain solution was created using several techniques. The 3D model was made according to a real piston in the Pro/Engineer and was partly simplified for computation. Crank mechanism forces and the load stresses were solved using Mathcad. Calculations are done for three positions of power cycle engine, where the maximal loads of the piston are expected. Last part of the thesis is calculation of safety factor highcyclical fatigue made using Femfat application.

This master thesis, concentrated on crank train mechanism of diesel V6 engines with special focus on design and construction of crankshaft, is divided in two main phases. First phase is concept, which contains brief introduction of diesel V-engines construction, parameters of chosen engine unit, especially crank train mechanism, design of crankshaft and 1D analysis of torsional vibrations. Second phase is layout, this phase deals with MBS 3D analysis with flexible FEM models of crankshaft and engine block. These outputs are used for fatigue analysis of crankshaft.

The diploma thesis deals with the design of the measuring bucket of bucket wheel excavator KR400Nk. The main part of this thesis is the strength analysis of the supporting structure and the measuring bucket, which is done using the finite element method. In addition, examinations of the elements replaced in the finite element model are performed. Appropriate adjustments are proposed based on strength analysis. This diploma thesis was prepared in cooperation with company NOEN, a. s..