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In this work the magnesium, zinc, nickel and cobalt MOFs of the MOF-74 isostructural family are used to probe metal-dependent adsorbate interactions with water and with carbon monoxide because of their ability to generate open metal sites upon activation. An isostructural family is used so that the only variable from one MOF to another is the metal incorporated into the framework. For water adsorption isotherms with humidities up to 90%, the observed trend at 298K and 1 bar is Mg-MOF-74 > Zn-MOF-74 > Co-MOF-74 > Ni-MOF-74. This observed trend is due to Lewis acid-base interactions. When the weight effect is removed, differences are still observed, especially below 40% relative humidity, thereby confirming that there is a metal effect. These studies revealed that PXRD alone cannot indicate the level of structural decomposition and that none of the four isostructures fully retain their structural integrity on exposure to humidified air because of microstrain and/or the presence of oxygen; more studies examining the extent of structural decomposition need to be undertaken. For carbon monoxide adsorption the general observed trend for P < 4 bar and temperatures of 298, 313 and 333K is Co-MOF-74 > Ni-MOF-74 > Zn-MOF-74 > Mg-MOF-74. This trend is based on π-backbonding interactions. Here again, differences remain after removal of the weight effect, confirming the metal dependence. Notably, Co-MOF-74 has the highest CO loading at 298K and 1 bar reported so far. Both the Toth and Virial Isotherms were used to fit the CO adsorption data followed by the use of the Clausius-Clapeyron equation to find the isosteric heats of adsorption, qst. The results from the Toth isotherm are more reliable and showed that qst remains constant as loading increases for Mg-MOF-74, decreases for Zn-MOF-74 and increases with loading for Co-MOF-74 and Ni-MOF-74; Ni-MOF-74 had the highest heat of adsorption at all loadings. It appears that using the Clausius-Clapeyron equation to calculate qst is an inappropriate method for Ni-MOF-74 so other methods such as calorimetry are recommended. It is also recommended to model the data of all the MOFs with other isotherm models such as Sips equation and to investigate the possibility of chemisorption for the cobalt and nickel isostructures. Finally, Henry’s constant results reveal that Ni-MOF-74 has the highest affinity for CO at low coverages.

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A major problem of our time is the environmental impact and socio-economic consequences of greenhouse gases, caused mainly by burning fossil fuels. In this context, hybrid porous materials known as MOFs have been investigated both experimentally and computationally for CO2 adsorption, among many other applications. The large number of atoms, however, is an obstacle to computationally expensive methods. This work evaluates the performance of semi-empirical quantum methods (usually applied only to treat organic and biological compounds) in the description of CO2 adsorption process for IRMOF-74 series. The AM1, PM3 PM6 and PM7 methods were used in the description of 72 structures, and the impact of MOZYME algorithm in calculation was also evaluated. Chemical and geometrical properties of the system were estimated considering the presence or absence of water in the structure, variations in CO2 concentration in the unit cell, primary and secondary sites occupancy, and different metal ions in the structure. The results were compared with experimental data and computational estimates obtained by DFT, emphasizing the importance of correction for dispersion forces in energy calculations. The presence of open-shell metal ions affect the calculations, but PM6 and PM7 methods are able to reproduce the geometric structure of MOFs, found that the presence of water hinders CO2 adsorption, detected the primary and secondary adsorption sites, providing estimates for the binding energy comparable to that of the most widespread computational methods and in agreement with experimental data. / Um grande problema da atualidade é o impacto ambiental e as consequências socioeconômicas decorrentes da emissão de gases, causada principalmente pela queima de combustíveis fósseis. Nesse contexto, os materiais porosos híbridos conhecidos como MOFs têm sido estudados tanto experimentalmente quanto computacionalmente para adsorção de CO2, dentre várias outras aplicações. O grande número de átomos, no entanto, é um obstáculo para métodos custosos computacionalmente. Este trabalho avalia o desempenho de métodos semiempíricos (geralmente utilizados apenas para tratar compostos orgânicos e biológicos) na descrição do processo de adsorção de CO2 pela série IRMOF-74. Os métodos AM1, PM3, PM6 e PM7 foram utilizados na descrição de até 72 estruturas, avaliando também o impacto do algoritmo MOZYME nos cálculos. Foram estimadas propriedades químicas e geométricas do sistema considerando a presença ou ausência de água na estrutura, variações na quantidade de CO2 na célula unitária, ocupação de sítios primários e secundários, e diferentes íons metálicos na estrutura. Os resultados foram comparados com dados experimentais e com estimativas computacionais obtidas por DFT, enfatizando a importância de correções para forças de dispersão nos cálculos de energia. A presença de íons metálicos com camada incompleta prejudica os cálculos, porém os métodos PM6 e PM7 reproduziram bem a estrutura cristalográfica das MOFs, identificaram que a presença de água dificulta a adsorção de CO2, detectaram os sítios de adsorção primário e secundário, obtendo estimativas para a energia de ligação comparáveis às dos métodos computacionais mais difundidos e em concordância com dados experimentais.

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