This diploma thesis provides complex analysis of the current development of the U.S. subprime mortgage and credit crisis. The thesis examines the major issues that have contributed to the crisis and it follows with identifying likely consequences. In the end of the paper are discussed some recommendations to help avoid future crises.

The graduation thesis is focused on personal finance and it is specialized in possibilities of financing own living. Products of building savings and mortgage credits are described in the graduation thesis and they are compared in accordance with RPSN. Further the effect of various parameters to RPSN is searched, especially the credit term of expiration and the size of the credit. In the end some specific examples of financing living are solved. Last part also includes the example of the investment in a real estate by buying a real estate in order to lease it.

The aim of this diploma thesis is an analysis of the contemporary mortgage crisis in the USA. The thesis consists of four sections. The first part describes historical developments of the American mortgage market with the emphasis on securitization. The second chapter deals with the market failures occurring within the securitization process. The third chapter is dedicated to the primary mortgage market, in particular to the causes of the previous credit boom, "running" house prices. Moreover, this chapter analyzes the "subprime" and "Alt-A" mortgage market, their products and practices prevailing on these markets. The last chapter is devoted to the secondary mortgage markets. The aim of this chapter is to describe how "subprime" and "Alt-A" mortgage deals were structured. The case study offers an example and its results are presented.

Comparison of American and Czech financial system followed by analyses and investment strategy for selected institutions.

Credit derivatives are one of the most often discussed instruments which influenced the mortgage crisis in USA and consequently also the global financial crisis. Credit derivatives are complex instruments. The aim of this thesis is to describe credit derivatives, dealing with them, analyse the situation on the housing market in USA, determine what the role of credit derivatives in the crisis was and analyse other factors, which contributed to the creation of the crisis.

The thesis is focused on the area of personal finance and discusses the financing possibilities of an apartment for further renting. The thesis describes the construction of saving products and mortgage loans, law regulation, risks associated with doing business in this field and static as well as analytical methods for assessing investments. The practical part evaluates benefits of investing in a particular apartment in terms of both the above mentioned methods.

The object of the Diploma thesis is the analysis of mortgage loan parameters on the Czech market, their subsequent comparison and evaluation of the most advantage variants of housing financing. The thesis also deals with the conditions of mortgage loans providing. The comprarison is made on the most significant providers of mortgage loans, who have controlled in the long term 90 % of the market. Within the Diploma thesis is compared five mortgage products offered by Hypoteční banka, a. s., Česká spořitelna, a. s., Komerční banka, a. s., Raiffeisenbank, a. s. a UniCredit Bank, a. s. For analysis was compiled form that includes parameters, basic interest rates and charges for mortgage loans. The parameters are obtained from external and internal bank materials and structured interviews with mortgage specialists. The evaluation of products is used to assess the flexibility, complexity and costs of particular product. I find Hypotéka České spořitelny to be the most comprehensive and flexible product. The lowest interest rates offer Komerční bank with Hypoteční úvěr Plus and UniCredit Bank with Hypoteční úvěr Individual, the highest interest rates has Hypoteční banka with Hypoteční úvěr do 100 %. Hypotéka Klasik offered by Raiffeisenbank is the charges most gentle, the most demanding on charges is Hypoteční úvěr do 100 % offered by Hypoteční banka. The most advantageous mortgage loan can't be unequivocally evaluated. It depends on whether the client prefers the lowest repayment or the most comprehensive and flexible product by which is possible, for example, pay the extraordinary instalment.

The thesis is aimed to describe and approach the REIT practice that is, especially in the U. S. very enhanced. In the first part, general parameters of real estate investment trusts are introduced and understated in connection with the depiction of the advantages and disadvantages of this issue. In chronological sequence, the development and progress of the U. S. real estate market is approached. The thesis further undertakes the current subject of the global financial crisis with a special focus on the REIT involvement and the potential application of the new EU directive - AIFMD (Alternative Investment Fund Managers Directive). This directive is expected to harmonize the joint investments. The objective of the thesis is a detailed description and specification of REIT in selected developed countries (U. S., Western Europe, and Australia) followed by a comparation of these regimes and an analysis of the considerable real estate investment companies in the Czech Republic including the financial analysis of the public joint-stock companies. A development of Czech real estate market during the mortgage crisis is also depicted and a market forecast is prognosed. The thesis concludes potential restraints of the REIT legal introduction in the Czech Republic as this corporative type has not been lawfully validated there.

In my thesis I focuse on comparing the mortgages in Czech Republic in detail. In the first part I focuse on dependance of amout provided mortgages on unemployment and Gross domestic product. In another part of my thesis I focuse on various types of mortgages and the different factors for providing. In the last part I refer the differences on real examples.

Thesis advisor: Michael Grubb / This dissertation consists of two chapters on the industrial organization of mortgage markets in the United States.In the first chapter, titled “Consumer Search Costs in U.S. Mortgage Markets”, I focus on estimating the distribution of consumer search costs in the market for government-backed mortgages in the US during the period from September 2013 to March 2015. I adapt the Hortaçsu and Syverson (2004) search model to mortgage markets. I estimate the distribution of consumer search costs in each U.S. state using recent data on government-insured mortgages. I find that estimated search costs are large; a median borrower would face a search cost equivalent to about $40 in monthly repayment. At the state-level, search cost magnitude is related positively to household income and age and negatively to years of education. I solve counterfactual scenarios in order to study the relationship between search costs and welfare. Compared to the full information scenario, the presence of costly consumer search decreases social welfare by about $600 in monthly repayment per borrower. This decrease in welfare occurs because under costly search borrowers are matched with lower quality lenders and spend resources on searching. At the national level, this decrease corresponds to approximately $35 million per-month. Reductions in search costs would raise social welfare monotonically. A 10% reduction in search cost may raise social welfare by as much as $130 per borrower per month. These findings support recent policies that aim to reduce search costs of mortgage borrowers. In the second chapter, titled “Price Discrimination in U.S. Mortgage Markets”, I examine the existence of price discrimination generated by costly consumer search in the market for mortgages. I develop a stylized model of consumer search in mortgage markets where firms charge optimal prices that depend on borrowers' search cost level. The model produces testable restrictions on the conditional quantile function of observed transacted rates. Using the data on insured Federal Housing Agency loans where price variation is not driven by default risk, I run a quantile regression of transacted interest rates on a set of loan observables, including borrower's credit score, original principal balance, and loan-to-value ratio, among others. I find that predictions of the theoretical model are satisfied for all loan observables under consideration, and price discrimination created by costly consumer search is likely to exist in U.S. mortgage markets. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2018. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Economics.