Thesis (D. Min.)--Liberty Baptist Theological Seminary, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references.

Inaug.--diss.--Halle. / Lebenslauf. "Literaturverzeichnis":1 p. from front.

Bachelor-Arbeit Univ. St. Gallen, 2008.

Inaug.--diss.--Halle. / Lebenslauf. "Literaturverzeichnis":1 p. from front.

Thesis (M.S.)--Montana State University--Bozeman, 2006. / Typescript. Chairperson, Graduate Committee: Vincent H. Smith. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 63-64).

O estudo busca identificar como a expansão do mercado de crédito brasileiro pode amenizar o problema de déficit habitacional no país através da criação de mais moradias. Entre 2000 e 2010, o país adotou novas regras institucionais que permitiram um aumento da oferta de crédito. Dentre elas podemos citar a lei de alienação fiduciária e mudanças na lei de direcionamento de crédito que expandiram o volume de financiamento habitacional. Comparando os dados do Censo 2000 com o Censo 2010, também é possível perceber que houve alguma melhora no problema de déficit habitacional, uma vez que houve redução do número médio de moradores por domicílio e por dormitório. Uma maneira de verificar como a expansão do mercado de crédito esteve relacionada a essa melhora, é identificar qual o impacto do financiamento na criação de moradias. Esse estudo utilizou dados dos municípios brasileiros nos anos de 2000 e 2010 para tentar responder essa questão empiricamente. Os resultados indicam que uma expansão de 100% do volume de financiamento aumenta em cerca de 10% o número de domicílios. Esse resultado foi obtido utilizando o método de variável instrumental, pois é possível que crédito seja uma variável endógena devido a uma características locais não observadas, como o preço dos imóveis. A variável instrumental proposta foi crédito para empresas, pois existem aspectos locais que devem expandir o crédito em diversas modalidades. Para embasar a análise empírica, foi desenvolvido um modelo teórico que destacou a importância de controlar por fatores como renda e demografia. Na análise empírica, a estrutura etária da população demonstrou ter um papel relevante na demanda por moradias. Por fim, esse resultado permaneceu robusto controlando por outras fontes de heterogeneidade local. / The study seeks to identify how the expansion in Brazilian credit market can relieve the problem of housing shortage by creating more housing. Between 2000 and 2010, the country adopted new institutional rules that allowed an increase in credit supply. Among them we can mention the fiduciary law and changes in non-earmarked credit regulation that expanded the volume of mortgage. Comparing the data from the 2000 census with the 2010 census, we can see that there was some improvement in the problem of housing shortage, since there was a reduction in the average number of residents per household and per bedroom. One way to verify how the credit market expansion was related to this improvement is to identify how mortgage impacts on household formation. This study used data from municipalities for the years 2000 and 2010 to try to answer this question empirically. The results indicate that an increase of 100% in credit volume increases by 10% the number of households. The results indicate that an increase of 100% in outstanding credit increases by about 10% the number of households. This result was obtained using an instrumental variable, since it is possible that credit is an endogenous due to unobserved local characteristics, such as real estate prices. Credit for legal entities was proposed as an instrumental variable, since there are local aspects that may expand credit in general. To support the empirical analysis, it was developed a theoretical model that emphasized the importance of controlling for factors such as income and demographics. In empirical analysis, age has shown to performance a decisive role for determining housing demand. Finally, this result remained robust after controlling for other kinds of local heterogeneity.

M.Com. (Business Management) / Over the years, the competitive banking market had forced banks to be innovative in their products. However, regardless of how innovative banking products were, ‘service’ remained the backbone of banking products. With increasing access to information and alternative products, banking customers had more choices as to where to do business, based on the level of service they receive. They expected an exceptional delivery of customer service and were less tolerant of bad service. Customers usually compared the service they 'experienced' to the service they 'expected' when walking into a bank. When the two did not match, a gap arose. This study was undertaken to determine whether customers of a ‘home loan’ division of a South African bank perceived the bank’s service quality to be different to what they expected. It also sought to establish if there was a difference in how customers, in different demographics, evaluate the bank’s service quality. An online survey was used to gather information from banking customers on their judgment of the bank’s service quality, after which statistical tests were done to analyze the data. The study revealed that a gap indeed exists between the service quality customers expected and the service quality they actually received from the bank. Customers reported a dissatisfaction of the bank’s service quality with regards to their provision of reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy in their service delivery. With regards to the evaluation of the bank’s service quality of customers in different demographics, it was discovered that the 40-59 customer age group received the most empathy in service encounters with the bank, customers using property insurance and repayment related services perceived the bank’s service quality across all dimensions to be positive. Lastly, a positive correlation between the number of years customers have been with the bank and their perceptions of the bank’s provision of empathy was established.

This paper sets out to explain the observed mortgage rate dispersion in the Swedish mortgage rate market through a consumer search model. Utilizing a structural approach that only requires average mortgage rate data, the search cost distribution for consumers are estimated for the period May 2016 to February 2017. Examining the different contract lengths for mortgages, the three-months and one-year mortgage rates do not fit the consumer search cost framework but the two- tree- and five-year fixed mortgage contracts fits well. The results indicate that there is considerable search cost in the mortgage market and that the low number of searches yields considerable market power to the banks, in the sense of being able to price mortgages above marginal cost. Further the fitted model for the five-year fixed mortgage rate is used to simulate the effects from a cost increase for the banking sector. The results indicates that due to the high consumer search costs present in the market, the mortgages facing the consumers will increase substantially to modest cost increases. A decrease in the consumers search costs are also simulated, which results in lower expected mortgage rates. This paper adds to the literature through the use of average monthly data and a search cost perspective to the question of why there are dispersions of mortgage rates in the Swedish mortgage market.

The theme of this thesis is mortgage market and its development in Czech Republic. Introductory part focuses on clarifying basic concepts and processes related to mortgage loans supplemented by information about Czech mortgage market. The second part deals with the current state of the Czech mortgage market. In the third part is done a comparison of the offers of several mortgage lenders, including its evaluation. The following part compares official bids with real offers. The fifth and last part is focused on development of the mortgage market. The attention isn´t concentrated on historical development, but on news and product innovations that are shaping the current domestic mortgage market and its future form.

The thesis is focused on the possibilities of housing financing in the Czech Republic. The greatest attention is paid to financing of buying of own flat emphatically small flats. In the first part, the living in own flat and renting of a flat are compared. In this part I also chracterize housing stock of the Czech Republic and the factors influencing the way of housing financing and housing demand. Second part is theoretical and it describes the possibilities of housing financing in detail. Above all there is described the building saving and the mortgage, that are the most frequent possibilities. Third part anlyses particular financial products of the various banks and monitors current bank supply. The final part contains the case study in which the problem with buying a flat is solved.