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This dissertation examines the ways in which three Aboriginal communities in the Sahtu Region of the Northwest Territories are participating in decisions and activities related to non-renewable resource extraction on Sahtu lands. In particular, I examine local involvement in the assessment and regulation of a 1,220 km natural gas pipeline and related infrastructure, collectively termed the Mackenzie Gas Project, currently proposed for the Mackenzie Valley. Overall, this work addresses the conditions under which Sahtu Dene and Mtis participation in resource decision-making takes place; it identifies and offers a critique of some of the assumptions inherent in regulatory, environmental assessment, and consultative processes currently in place in the Sahtu region, and argues that while there has been significant progress in establishing avenues for Sahtu Dene and Mtis participation in resource decision-making, non-local epistemological underpinnings of governance, regulatory, and environmental assessment institutions and practices can hinder local participation in resource decision-making and may serve to reinforce existing power relationships between proponents, Aboriginal communities, and the Canadian state. The findings of this research suggest that there are several barriers to Sahtu Dene and Mtis participation in resource decision-making, including: 1) how environmental impacts are assessed and the associated determination of their significance in environmental assessment and management regimes; 2) the naturalization of techno-rational knowledge paradigms and legalistic discourse in environmental assessment and regulatory processes; 3) incongruent communicative practices and norms of appropriate human and human/other than-human relationships between local Dene and Mtis participants and those of large development corporations and governments; 4) divergent perceptions of the landscape; and 5) changing governance structures resulting from the Sahtu Dene and Mtis Comprehensive Land Claim. This research contributes to a growing assessment of current participatory and resource co-management processes in the Canadian north, and addresses the call for research reflecting local experiences of various participatory processes in resource management, including the often messy and contradictory positions taken by members of a diverse community.

Broad whitefish, Coregonus nasus, is an important subsistence fish species in Arctic North America, yet virtually nothing is known regarding the genetic population structure of Nearctic populations of this species. In this thesis, microsatellite DNA variation was assayed among 1213 broad whitefish from 47 localities throughout North America, with emphasis on the Mackenzie River system, Northwest Territories. Specifically, I examined geographic variation in allele frequencies to assess how historical factors (Pleistocene glaciations) have shaped the current structuring of genetic variability and population differentiation. Microsatellite data was also used to resolve the relative contributions of broad whitefish populations to subsistence fisheries in the Mackenzie River system. Overall, broad whitefish exhibit relatively high intrapopulation microsatellite variation (average 12.29 alleles/locus, average HE = 0.58) and there were declines in these measures of genetic diversity with distance from putative refugia suggesting historical factors, namely post-glacial dispersal, have influenced current microsatellite variation. Interpopulation divergence was low (overall FST = 0.07), but the main regions assayed in this study (Russia, Alaska, Mackenzie River and Travaillant Lake systems) are genetically differentiated. Strong isolation-by-distance among samples was resolved when including only those populations occupying former Beringia, but not when assaying those at the periphery of the range in the Mackenzie River system, suggesting that broad whitefish in the Mackenzie system have not occupied the region long enough since their invasion post-glacially to have approached equilibrium between gene flow and drift. Mixture analysis indicated that most fish from the lower Mackenzie River subsistence fishery originated from the Peel River, highlighting the importance of this tributary. Additionally the mixture analysis provides evidence for a putative riverine life history form in the Mackenzie River. My results indicate that glaciation and post-glacial colonization have been important in shaping the current genetic population structure of North American broad whitefish. They also illustrate the utility of microsatellite DNA to delineate population structure and patterns of genetic diversity in recently founded populations in addition to resolving contributions to fisheries. My data also support the hypothesis that there are several designatable units of conservation among broad whitefish populations and that management strategies should be implemented accordingly.

Thesis (M.A.) - Carleton University, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 117-124). Also available in electronic format on the Internet.

Submitted by Marta Toyoda (1144061@mackenzie.br) on 2016-12-02T22:57:00Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Helen Yara Altimeyer.pdf: 11526623 bytes, checksum: 0ea71f04ff9b5657e6ad97970f64567f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Paola Damato (repositorio@mackenzie.br) on 2016-12-06T11:36:03Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Helen Yara Altimeyer.pdf: 11526623 bytes, checksum: 0ea71f04ff9b5657e6ad97970f64567f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-06T11:36:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Helen Yara Altimeyer.pdf: 11526623 bytes, checksum: 0ea71f04ff9b5657e6ad97970f64567f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-18 / Mackenzie is a centenary educational institution which, since 1870, has been acting as the agent of a series of pedagogical innovations in the educational scenario of the country. In order to preserve its history, it created in 1997 the Mackenzie Historic Center – CHM, aiming to keep the history of the institution alive and well-maintained. Working on a historical perspective and resorting to unpublished documentation, we propose to describe, by raising data of its creation, the intentions and goals of the Mackenzie Historic Center, emphasizing events on the period between 1997 and 2015. The main interest is to identify the reasons and motivations for the preservation of the institutional memory. The initial hypotheses peer over the objectives of Mackenzie Historic Center, with its creation being either by force of law or by ideological reasons, and to its current function, which makes it an effective Memory Center. In order to fulfill the objective, this research is structured in two parts. Firstly, it describes what Mackenzie Historic Center is, retrieving documentation of its conception, including the goals set and presenting the developed activities. Secondly, it addresses the issue of the salvage of institutional memory, presenting more detailedly the project “Projeto Memória Mackenzie” (Mackenzie Memory Project) and, through the retrieval of oral history, the reports of two former Mackenzie students: Tatiana Belinky and Zilda Sampaio Perroni that contribute, with their interview, to the understanding of the factors that constitute the institutional memory. In the conclusion, it is considered attested that the Mackenzie Historic Center has become a strategic managing place of the historic documental collection, with relevant contributions to the preservation of the institutional memory. / O Mackenzie é uma centenária instituição educacional que, desde 1870, atua como agente de uma série de inovações pedagógicas no cenário da educação no país. Para preservar sua história criou, em 1997, o Centro Histórico Mackenzie – CHM, em função de manter viva e preservada a memória da instituição. Trabalhando numa perspectiva histórica e recorrendo a documentação inédita, propõe-se descrever, levantando os dados de sua criação, a intenção e objetivos do Centro Histórico Mackenzie, dando ênfase aos episódios do período de 1997 a 2015. O interesse está direcionado para se levantar as razões e motivações de se preservar a memória institucional. As hipóteses iniciais apontam para o levantamento dos objetivos do Centro Histórico Mackenzie, sendo sua criação realizada por força de lei ou por questões de natureza ideológica, e qual é sua função atual, tornando-o um efetivo Centro de Memória. Para a consecução do objetivo, o trabalho está estruturado em duas partes. A primeira parte descreve o que é o Centro Histórico Mackenzie fazendo um resgate da documentação de sua criação, incluindo o levantamento dos objetivos traçados e apresentando as atividades desenvolvidas. A segunda parte trabalha a questão do resgate da memória institucional, apresentando com mais detalhes o Projeto Memória Mackenzie e, por meio do resgate da história oral, os relatos de duas entrevistadas antigas mackenzistas: Tatiana Belinky e Zilda Sampaio Perroni, que com seus depoimentos auxiliam na compreensão de quais fatores constituem a memória institucional. Na conclusão, dá-se por demonstrada a tese de que o Centro Histórico Mackenzie se tornou um estratégico local gerenciador do conjunto documental histórico, com uma relevante contribuição para a manutenção da memória institucional.

Submitted by Rosa Assis (rosa_assis@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-02-09T17:07:17Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Eduardo Castedo Abrunhosa.pdf: 18805263 bytes, checksum: 7051c7dcbd29021cd40349f2485eb5a8 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Paola Damato (repositorio@mackenzie.br) on 2017-02-09T17:36:55Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Eduardo Castedo Abrunhosa.pdf: 18805263 bytes, checksum: 7051c7dcbd29021cd40349f2485eb5a8 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-09T17:36:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Eduardo Castedo Abrunhosa.pdf: 18805263 bytes, checksum: 7051c7dcbd29021cd40349f2485eb5a8 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-11 / This dissertation records and systematizes the modernity components seen in the creation and production of some of the main architects graduates of the School of Architecture Mackenzie – essentially their ideology and mentality. We selected the most relevant architects for the historical period of 1947 to 1968. The aim is to understand and analyze the cultural ambiance at the time of modern architecture in São Paulo, especially the context during the creation of Mackenzie School of Architecture (FAM), the cradle public resistance to the new architecture, aiming to draw the historical setting of Sao Paulo’s architectural development and the role of that option in this context. / Esta dissertação registra e sistematiza os componentes de modernidade existentes na criação e na produção de alguns dos principais arquitetos egressos da Faculdade de Arquitetura Mackenzie – essencialmente seu ideário e mentalidade. Foram selecionados os arquitetos considerados mais relevantes para o recorte histórico do período de 1947 a 1968. Busca-se compreender e analisar a ambientação cultural à época da arquitetura moderna em São Paulo, em especial o ambiente presente na Faculdade de Arquitetura Mackenzie – FAM, berço da resistência pública à nova arquitetura, objetivando desenhar o cenário histórico do desenvolvimento arquitetônico paulista e o papel dessa faculdade nesse contexto.

Le Paléogène est une période de perturbations importantes du système climatique terrestre, marquée notamment par des optima climatiques reconnus à la fois en environnement continental et marin. Dans le contexte de réchauffement climatique actuel, l’étude et la compréhension de cette période de fortes fluctuations climatiques et de transition entre un climat de type « greenhouse » et « icehouse » est un enjeu capital. Par ailleurs, de nombreuses études ont été menées sur les basses et moyennes latitudes, alors que peu de travaux se focalisent sur les hautes latitudes. Dans cette étude, des successions deltaïques d’âge Paléocène-Eocène sont utilisées pour étudier la réponse du système Arctique à des évènements globaux, les optima climatiques du Paléogène (PETM, ETM2, EECO et l’évènement Azolla) et tenter de répondre à ces questions : le bassin a-t-il eu une réponse spécifique aux stimuli climatiques globaux? Existe-t-il des mécanismes de couplage/découplage de la dynamique du bassin Arctique de celle de l’océan global ? Cette étude est basée sur des analyses multiproxies : la minéralogie de la roche totale et de la fraction argileuse, la pyrolyse Rock Eval, la palynologie, les palynofaciès et les isotopes stables du carbone organique. Les résultats suggèrent des épisodes de réchauffement permettant l’installation de la mangrove dans le Bassin Arctique dans un contexte climatique déjà chaud. Dans les Territoires du Nord-Ouest, les résultats minéralogiques suggèrent l’existence de fluctuations locales des sources détritiques contrôlées par la tectonique et/ou l’eustatisme et qui peuvent se superposer à l’enregistrement climatique. / The Palaeogene is a period of major climate system disturbances, especially marked by climatic optima recognized in both continental and marine environments. In the context of current global warming, the study and understanding of this period of strong climate fluctuations and transition between a greenhouse and an icehouse world is a major issue. Numerous studies have been conducted on low and mid latitudes, while only few studies focus on high latitudes. In this study, Paleocene-Eocene deltaic successions are used to study the response of the Arctic system to global events, the Paleogene climatic optima (PETM, ETM2, EECO and the Azolla event) and attempt to respond to these questions: did the basin have a specific response to global climate stimuli? Are there coupling / decoupling mechanisms between the dynamics of the Arctic basin and the global ocean? This study is based on multiproxies analysis: bulk and clay mineralogy, Rock Eval pyrolysis, palynology, palynofacies and stable isotopes of organic carbon. The results suggest warming episodes allowing the installation of mangroves in the Arctic Basin in an already warm climate. In the Northwestern Territories, mineralogical results suggest local fluctuations in detritic sources controlled by tectonics and / or eustatism and may overlap with the climate record.

Broad whitefish, Coregonus nasus, is an important subsistence fish species in Arctic North America, yet virtually nothing is known regarding the genetic population structure of Nearctic populations of this species. In this thesis, microsatellite DNA variation was assayed among 1213 broad whitefish from 47 localities throughout North America, with emphasis on the Mackenzie River system, Northwest Territories. Specifically, I examined geographic variation in allele frequencies to assess how historical factors (Pleistocene glaciations) have shaped the current structuring of genetic variability and population differentiation. Microsatellite data was also used to resolve the relative contributions of broad whitefish populations to subsistence fisheries in the Mackenzie River system. Overall, broad whitefish exhibit relatively high intrapopulation microsatellite variation (average 12.29 alleles/locus, average HE = 0.58) and there were declines in these measures of genetic diversity with distance from putative refugia suggesting historical factors, namely post-glacial dispersal, have influenced current microsatellite variation. Interpopulation divergence was low (overall FST = 0.07), but the main regions assayed in this study (Russia, Alaska, Mackenzie River and Travaillant Lake systems) are genetically differentiated. Strong isolation-by-distance among samples was resolved when including only those populations occupying former Beringia, but not when assaying those at the periphery of the range in the Mackenzie River system, suggesting that broad whitefish in the Mackenzie system have not occupied the region long enough since their invasion post-glacially to have approached equilibrium between gene flow and drift. Mixture analysis indicated that most fish from the lower Mackenzie River subsistence fishery originated from the Peel River, highlighting the importance of this tributary. Additionally the mixture analysis provides evidence for a putative riverine life history form in the Mackenzie River. My results indicate that glaciation and post-glacial colonization have been important in shaping the current genetic population structure of North American broad whitefish. They also illustrate the utility of microsatellite DNA to delineate population structure and patterns of genetic diversity in recently founded populations in addition to resolving contributions to fisheries. My data also support the hypothesis that there are several designatable units of conservation among broad whitefish populations and that management strategies should be implemented accordingly. / Science, Faculty of / Zoology, Department of / Graduate

In his paper “ELF and the alternatives” Ian MacKenzie considers a number of options that are presently under discussion as possible alternatives to the use of English as a Lingua Franca (ELF). Their scope includes translation (a short section of two paragraphs only), code switching, receptive multilingualism, and Esperanto. It is the presentation of the latter approach that I want to address in this comment. As MacKenzie ’s bibliography contains two articles of mine and as these seem to be important sources on which the author bases his argumentation, I suppose that I should react to his paper.

Mercury (Hg) in rivers and streams of the Mackenzie River Basin (MRB) presents a risk to fish, aquatic mammals, and humans. This thesis makes use of newly-released water quality data, including total mercury (THg) and dissolved mercury (DHg), gathered through the NWT-Wide Community-based Water Quality Monitoring (CBM) program. Landscape metrics extracted from geospatial datasets (e.g. vegetation type cover and ground ice presence), along with the water quality parameters were transformed, as needed, and then assessed for relationships with Hg concentration in rivers using principle component analysis, correlation and linear regression. Transformed turbidity, total phosphate, total sulfate, and the 1st principle component representing total metals were positively correlated with log10 THg and log10 particulate Hg (PHg) (p < 0.05) in major tributaries on the MRB. Major tributaries had a greater proportion of THg as PHg. Dissolved organic carbon and total organic carbon were positivity correlated to log10 DHg in minor tributaries (p < 0.05) of the MRB. Logit-transformed ground ice presence was positively correlated with median log10 PHg and log10 THg (PHg; p < 0.05, THg; p < 0.05). Median log10 DHg was positively correlated with logit-transformed landcover metric mixed forest (R2 = 0.67), and negativity correlated with logit-transformed landcover metric sub-polar taiga needleleaf forest (R2 = 0.64) (p < 0.05). This suggests suspended particles, derived potentially from suspended mineral matter, kerogens, and/ or weathering of sulfides could be a control on PHg in major tributaries of the MRB, while thicker, organic soils, potentially in forested areas, releasing TOC and DOC, could control export of DHg to minor tributaries in the MRB.