Orientador: Sarita Leonel / Banca: Marco Antonio Tecchio / Banca: Elma Machado Ataíde / Resumo: Devido à enorme diversidade de cultivares e híbridos, assim como diferentes condições edafoclimáticas, o estudo do comportamento das cultivares de mangueira nas distintas regiões produtoras é de grande importância. Diante do exposto, objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar a fenologia, a produção e a qualidade dos frutos de cultivares de mangueira em condições subtropicais do estado de São Paulo. O experimento foi realizado na Fazenda Experimental São Manuel da Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas da UNESP em São Manuel-SP. Foram avaliadas as cultivares Espada Vermelha, Keitt e Palmer. O delineamento experimental adotado foi em blocos casualizados, utilizando-se uma planta por parcela e 10 repetições. A fenologia foi avaliada considerando-se o número de dias para formação da panícula e das fases de desenvolvimento dos frutos, além da curva de crescimento dos mesmos e a exigência térmica. As avaliações referentes à produção foram: número de frutos produzidos por planta e por panícula; porcentagem de abortamento, produção, produtividade, eficiência produtiva e sazonalidade de produção. Quanto à análise física dos frutos, foram avaliados os diâmetros longitudinal e transversal, o formato e a massa do fruto, o rendimento de polpa, casca e caroço, calibre e cor da casca e da polpa. Em relação às características químicas e bioquímicas, avaliou-se: acidez titulável, sólidos solúveis, "Ratio", índice tecnológico, teor de ácido ascórbico, açucares redutor, não-redutor e total, carotenóides, atividade antioxidante, flavonóides e polifenóis. Com base nos resultados observou-se que as três cultivares avaliadas possuem duração dos estádios fenológicos distintas. A cultivar Keitt apresenta maior número de dias e maior exigência térmica para atingir a maturidade fisiológica dos frutos. As curvas de crescimento dos frutos de 'Espada Vermelha', Keitt' e ... / Abstract: Due to the enormous diversity of cultivars and hybrids, as well as different environmental conditions, the study of the performance of mango cultivars in different regions is of great importance. Given the above, this study aimed to assess the phenology, production and fruit quality of mango cultivars in subtropical conditions of the state of São Paulo. The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm of San Manuel Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, UNESP in São Manuel-SP. The Espada Vermelha, Keitt and Palmer were evaluated. The experimental design was randomized blocks, with one plant per plot and 10 repetitions. Phenology was evaluated by considering the number of days and the panicle formation stage of fruit development, plus the growth of the same and the thermal demand curve. For the production was evaluated: number of fruits per plant and per panicle, percentage of abortion of fruits, production, productivity, production efficiency and seasonality of production. For the physical analysis of the fruits were evaluated: longitudinal and transverse diameters, the shape and weight of the fruit, the yield of pulp, peel and seed, size and color of the skin and pulp. Regarding the chemical and biochemical characteristics were assessed: titratable acidity, soluble solids, Ratio, technological index, ascorbic acid, reducing sugars, non-reducing sugars, total sugars, total carotenoids, antioxidant activity, flavonoids and polyphenols. Based on the results it was observed that the three cultivars have different duration of phenological stages. The cultivar Keitt had the greatest number of days and thermal requirement to reach physiological maturity of the fruit. The growth curves of the fruit of 'Espada Vermelha', 'Keitt' and 'Palmer' behave the same way as a function of days after anthesis, and follow sigmoidal model. The 'Palmer' is a cultivar with better performance, with the highest ... / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-03-06Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:34:19Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000752817.pdf: 24498309 bytes, checksum: 8c224707e07a8f98b1acd3ba5114a25f (MD5) / Devido à enorme diversidade de cultivares e híbridos, assim como diferentes condições edafoclimáticas, o estudo do comportamento das cultivares de mangueira nas distintas regiões produtoras é de grande importância. Diante do exposto, objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar a fenologia, a produção e a qualidade dos frutos de cultivares de mangueira em condições subtropicais do estado de São Paulo. O experimento foi realizado na Fazenda Experimental São Manuel da Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas da UNESP em São Manuel-SP. Foram avaliadas as cultivares Espada Vermelha, Keitt e Palmer. O delineamento experimental adotado foi em blocos casualizados, utilizando-se uma planta por parcela e 10 repetições. A fenologia foi avaliada considerando-se o número de dias para formação da panícula e das fases de desenvolvimento dos frutos, além da curva de crescimento dos mesmos e a exigência térmica. As avaliações referentes à produção foram: número de frutos produzidos por planta e por panícula; porcentagem de abortamento, produção, produtividade, eficiência produtiva e sazonalidade de produção. Quanto à análise física dos frutos, foram avaliados os diâmetros longitudinal e transversal, o formato e a massa do fruto, o rendimento de polpa, casca e caroço, calibre e cor da casca e da polpa. Em relação às características químicas e bioquímicas, avaliou-se: acidez titulável, sólidos solúveis, “Ratio”, índice tecnológico, teor de ácido ascórbico, açucares redutor, não-redutor e total, carotenóides, atividade antioxidante, flavonóides e polifenóis. Com base nos resultados observou-se que as três cultivares avaliadas possuem duração dos estádios fenológicos distintas. A cultivar Keitt apresenta maior número de dias e maior exigência térmica para atingir a maturidade fisiológica dos frutos. As curvas de crescimento dos frutos de ‘Espada Vermelha’, Keitt’ e... / Due to the enormous diversity of cultivars and hybrids, as well as different environmental conditions, the study of the performance of mango cultivars in different regions is of great importance. Given the above, this study aimed to assess the phenology, production and fruit quality of mango cultivars in subtropical conditions of the state of São Paulo. The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm of San Manuel Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, UNESP in São Manuel-SP. The Espada Vermelha, Keitt and Palmer were evaluated. The experimental design was randomized blocks, with one plant per plot and 10 repetitions. Phenology was evaluated by considering the number of days and the panicle formation stage of fruit development, plus the growth of the same and the thermal demand curve. For the production was evaluated: number of fruits per plant and per panicle, percentage of abortion of fruits, production, productivity, production efficiency and seasonality of production. For the physical analysis of the fruits were evaluated: longitudinal and transverse diameters, the shape and weight of the fruit, the yield of pulp, peel and seed, size and color of the skin and pulp. Regarding the chemical and biochemical characteristics were assessed: titratable acidity, soluble solids, Ratio, technological index, ascorbic acid, reducing sugars, non-reducing sugars, total sugars, total carotenoids, antioxidant activity, flavonoids and polyphenols. Based on the results it was observed that the three cultivars have different duration of phenological stages. The cultivar Keitt had the greatest number of days and thermal requirement to reach physiological maturity of the fruit. The growth curves of the fruit of ‘Espada Vermelha’, ‘Keitt’ and ‘Palmer’ behave the same way as a function of days after anthesis, and follow sigmoidal model. The 'Palmer' is a cultivar with better performance, with the highest ...

The mango (Mangifera indica L.) is an appealing subtropical fresh fruit with a pleasant flavor and taste, high nutritional value, beneficial medicinal properties and various processing options. However, as is the case with most subtropical fruit, it is a sensitive commodity, prone to losses postharvestly. The South African mango industry is highly dependent on a hot water and cold prochloraz dip treatment, to control postharvest anthracnose and soft brown rot on fruit destined for export. However, negatve public perceptions of synthetic fungicides and its use on fresh produce for disease control has been increasing in major export markets such as the European Union. This growing concern from a public point of view is forcing industry to consider more environmentally acceptable methods to maintain quality of mangoes during extended export periods. ‘Tommy Atkins’ and ‘Kent’ mangoes either uninoculated or artificially inoculated with Colletotrichum gloesporioiedes, Botryosphaeria parva or sterile agar, were used to evaluate softer, greener alternatives, in this study. Fruit were subjected to either a hot, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (PPCB004) containing dip treatment for two minutes or a 24 hour 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) gas treatment at 16 ºC or no treatment. Fruit were then stored at 10 ºC under either 5% O2 and 5% CO2 (CA-1) or 3% O2 and 8% CO2 (CA-2) controlled atmospheres (CA) for 18 days and allowed to ripen for five days at 25 ºC. Similarly, uninoculated or artificially inoculated fruit subjected to B. amyloliquefaciens, 1-MCP or a combination of the two treatments was stored at 10 ºC for 18 days under conventional storage. ‘Tommy Atkins’ fruit were packed into bags made from four different film types, untreated or after being subjected to a cold B. amyloliquefaciens dip treatment and stored for 23 days at 10 ºC. Overall, ‘Kent’ fruit were more susceptible to anthracnose and SBR after artificial inoculation. In vivo inoculated ‘Tommy Atkins’ fruit, storage under CA-1 gave the best control of soft brown rot whilst CA-2 storage gave the best control of anthracnose. For quality retention no definite conclusion could be made for both cultivars after CA storage or the combination of 1-MCP pre-treatment and CA storage. The combination of 1-MCP pre-treatment and B. amyloliquefaciens maintained the quality of ‘Kent’ mangoes under conventional storage the best. Anthracnose severity on both cultivars was reduced with 1-MCP treated fruit combined with the biocontrol pre-treatment. Modified atmosphere packaging in this study was found to be ineffective in maintaining quality of mangoes. Copyright / Dissertation (MSc(Agric))--University of Pretoria, 2011. / Microbiology and Plant Pathology / unrestricted