Thèse (M.Ed.) -- Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, en association avec Universidade do Estado da Bahia, 2004. / Bibliogr.: f. [93]-100. Document électronique également accessible en format PDF. CaQCU

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:25:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Roberto Elito dos Reis Guimaraes.pdf: 2788451 bytes, checksum: c2fbd88afbf2662f0cd2f738836144cb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-27 / The Item III of art. 20 of the Federal Constitution of 1988 prescribes that belong to the Union lakes, rivers and streams in any of its land area, or bathing more than one state, that serve as boundaries with other countries, or extending or come from a foreign country, referring also to marginal lands. However, INCRA, in fulfillment of its institutional role, over the past decades, many homeowners expropriated rural areas which are bounded by water bodies federal domain, indemnifying the land that tangent referred to water resources. Aiming to analyze the performance of INCRA in the State of Goiás, it was a collection of data and information before the Regional Heritage Management in Goiás Union concerning the federal rivers that bathe the State and their marginal lands. He got up data also at the regional superintendents of INCRA in the State of Goiás (SR-04 and SR-28/DFE) in order to identify the property expropriated, whose areas have focused on marginal lands and rivers federal compensation if there was this track marginal. The research was conducted under a qualitative approach, resorting to the legal sources, doctrine and jurisprudence relating to the object of study, having as the main landmark constitutional parental rights, past and current, moving also infra corresponding standards. In light of legal dogmatics in its contemporary design, the equalization of legal antinomies and collision of principles evident in the rulings sympathetic to the issue came to the conclusion that the criterion of the navigability of water bodies is no more restrictive element to indicate the dominion Union on marginal lands mentioned in the section III, art. 20, CF/1988. Likewise, it is not the INCRA indemnify the particular strip of land of rivers federal marginal land taken by expropriation in such land, as such land under the 1988 Constitution came into the realm of the Union The case study indicated that 41 of the Settlement Projects in Goiás Incra forming limits with federal bodies of water such marginal land water bodies were not excluded from the amount of compensation to the expropriated owner / O Inciso III, do art. 20, da Constituição Federal de 1988 prescreve que são bens da União os lagos, os rios e quaisquer correntes de água em terrenos de seu domínio, ou que banham mais de um Estado, que servem de limites com outros países, ou que se estendam ou provenham de território estrangeiro, referindo-se também aos terrenos marginais. No entanto, o INCRA, no cumprimento de sua função institucional, ao longo das últimas décadas, desapropriou muitos imóveis rurais cujas áreas limitam-se com corpos d'água de domínio federal, indenizando os terrenos que tangenciam referidos recursos hídricos. Objetivando analisar a atuação do INCRA no Estado de Goiás, fez-se um levantamento de dados e informações perante a Gerência Regional do Patrimônio da União em Goiás referente aos rios federais que banham esse Estado e seus respectivos terrenos marginais. Levantou-se dados também junto às Superintendências Regionais do Incra no Estado de Goiás (SR-04 e SR-28/DFE) no sentido de se identificar os imóveis desapropriados, cujas áreas incidiram em terrenos marginais de rios federais e se houve indenização dessa faixa marginal. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida sob uma abordagem qualitativa, recorrendo-se às fontes legais, doutrinárias e jurisprudenciais referentes ao objeto do estudo, tendo como marco principal o ordenamento constitucional pátrio, pretérito e vigente, transitando também pelas normas infraconstitucionais correspondentes. À luz da dogmática jurídica, na sua concepção contemporânea; da equalização das antinomias jurídicas e colisão de princípios evidenciados nos normativos afetos ao tema chegou-se à conclusão que o critério da navegabilidade dos corpos d'água não é mais elemento restritivo para indicar a dominialidade da União sobre os terrenos marginais a que alude o inciso III, art. 20, CF/1988. No mesmo sentido, não cabe ao INCRA indenizar ao particular a faixa de terra marginal de rios federais nas desapropriações agrárias colhidas por tais terrenos, visto que referidos terrenos, por força da Constituição de 1988 passaram para o domínio da União. O estudo de caso indicou que dos 41 Projetos de Assentamento do Incra em Goiás que fazem limites com corpos d'água federais os terrenos marginais desses corpos d'água não foram excluídos do montante da indenização ao proprietário expropriado.

La Syrie centrale connaît au début de la période byzantine, et en particulier au Ve et au VIe siècle, un fort mouvement d’expansion des sédentaires vers l’est, qui coïncide avec une importante mise en valeur de ces nouveaux territoires. Comme pour d’autres régions de Syrie et du Proche-Orient à la même époque, un optimum climatique – pourtant déclinant – semble avoir permis la conquête et l’exploitation agricole de nouveaux terroirs dans une zone marginale qui n’avait jusqu’alors connu qu’une occupation sédentaire ponctuelle. La Syrie centrale est caractérisée par des milieux aux potentiels agronomiques très différents, souvent imbriqués. Le peuplement et la mise en valeur y sont soumis à la double contrainte de l’aridité climatique et édaphique, qui s’exerce avec une prégnance croissante vers le sud et l’est. Ces conditions, qui s’améliorent localement à la faveur de niches écologiques, ont permis à des politiques de mise en valeur et à des économies distinctes, souvent complémentaires, de voir le jour.Dans une région où les cités paraissent en grande partie absentes, l’économie repose d’abord sur les villages et sur quelques bourgs qui possédaient manifestement une orientation commerciale spécifique. Aux côtés des agglomérations, et souvent d’autant plus nombreux que les conditions d’implantation sont délicates, des fermes et des monastères s’affirment comme des acteurs économiques apparemment indépendants et souvent prospères. Des entités géographiques relativement homogènes ont donné lieu à une répartition des différentes formes de peuplement et à des économies microrégionales spécifiques. Si l’agriculture vivrière reste la règle, il semble bien cependant qu’on observe une spécialisation locale des productions : culture du blé et accessoirement plantations à l’ouest, oléiculture et peut-être viticulture dans les plateaux basaltiques du nord-ouest et vraisemblablement un élevage spéculatif, qu’on doit probablement attribuer à des populations sédentaires, dans les secteurs sud et est. / In Late Antiquity, especially between the 5th and 6th centuries, Central Syria witnessed a strong expansion of sedentary settlements eastward, which coincided with a significant agricultural development of these new territories. As for other areas in Syria and Near-East at the same period, a waning climatic optimum seems to have allowed byzantine population to settle down in marginal areas which barely experienced hitherto sedentary occupation and farm nearly unbroken lands.Central Syria is made up of various landscapes, sometimes deeply nested, with contrasted agricultural potential. Settlements and agricultural exploitation are affected by an increasingly significant climatic and edaphic aridity eastward and southward. These conditions, which may locally improve thanks to ecological niches, enabled specific and often complementary substance strategies to develop.In a country whence cities are virtually absent, villages and a few market towns seem to be at the very root of the regional economy. Along with agglomerations, scattered habitats – namely farmsteads and monasteries –, more numerous under heavy bioclimatic constraints, would appear as independent and apparently prosperous economic players.Homogeneous geographic areas led to specific settlement patterns and different economic orientations. Food-producing agriculture remains the rule, but a local productive specialization may be noticed: mainly wheat production and incidentally plantations westward, olive-growing and maybe wine-growing as well in the north-west basaltic plateaus and presumably speculative livestock exploitation eastward and southward, probably mostly due to sedentary populations.