This work is focused on the analysis of divorce rate and the marriage patterns of divorced spouses in the Czech Republic after 1992. The work analyzes changes in the structure of brides and grooms according to their age, education and time elapsed from breakdown of previous marriage. Attention is also paid to differences in the residence, nationality and citizenship of the spouses in the time of the marriage, too. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

This master thesis is focused on the present state of the family issues in the Czech Republic. Except the explanation of the basic terminology, it also indicates some of the areas with the family in the first place and its legal regulations and sociology investigation. It observes the actual trends in the behaviour of couples in the connection with the common life and starting family. The acquired demographic and sociological findings, valid generally for the Czech Republic, are analysed and compared with the statistical dates of the lower territory self-governing units. It also checks the rate of the regional differences above these regions (mainly at the level of districts), especially in the area of the marriage behaviour, parenthood and amount of the separating marriages. It confronts these data with the age structure of the founding family members. At the end of the graduation thesis is established whether the results of the sociological investigation and studies are consistent with the realized conclusions from the statistic data and if there exist the significant regional dissimilarities in the Czech Republic in statistic indicators which characterize the "family" behaviour of population.

The thesis is focused on family in the early 21st century in the Czech Republic. The basic objective is to analyze important differences in for-family behaviour (in terms of traditional families) based on selected demographic indicators in regions and districts of the Czech Republic. The theoretical part describes basic concepts related to family, its functions and changes of the family. Czech families are studied mainly on evidence of selected statistical data published by the Czech Statistical Office. To determine the regional disparities, in approach to the concept of family at the district level, the synthetic indicator T has been designed. In the final part, the economic and social conditions (unemployment, education, etc.) affecting the people's approaches to the concept of family are examined within districts.

The thesis is focused on the current state of families in the Czech Republic and its individual regions. In addition to the basic characteristics of the family, this work captures the changes undergone by the family, especially in the areas of marriage and parenthood. The diploma thesis also analyzes the behavior of the Czech population through relevant statistical indicators, such as marriage, divorce, birth and fertility in the period of 1991-2008, both at the national level and at the district levels. Based on the analysed results of the statistical indicators, the author assesses whether there exist differences between individual regions of the Czech Republic, which relate to the family behavior of the population.

This thesis deals with family and its values. It focuses on changing attitudes to family in the context of social transformation after 1989. At the beginning of the thesis there are defined the basic functions of family and types of families. The following describes the historical evolution of family from the early Middle Ages to the present. It tries to capture the changes associated with the second demographic transition and to describe what this transition was concerned with and if it is linked with the situation in the Czech Republic after 1989. It describes values in general and approaches to research of values. The last part is devoted to analysis of family values, which is done by comparing questions from the three waves of "European Values Study" surveys. The main goal of this thesis was to verify whether people's attitudes to family after 1989 have changed and how it affected demographics.

The thesis, 'Marriage in the period of normalisation: Stories of Women who got married between 1970 and 1989', focuses on the wedding rate in Czechoslovakia during normalisation period, 20 years after Soviet occupation. The analysis is done in the context of governmental family and population politics and endeavours of normalisation regime to support marriage and natality rate. The present study describes measures which the government introduced in the 70's and their justification. The focus falls also on the influence of demographic behaviour and how this behaviour was unique and exceptional during normalisation period. The whole study is based on the fact that personal testimony of narrators can contribute to an understanding of the human aspect of our history. The qualitative research method used was oral-historical interviews recording the experience of 6 women. The study analyses their decision making factors to enter the institution of marriage, what was young families' economic situation and how they perceived and exploited state support system for young families. This thesis helps understanding women in this specific period of normalisation as well as the period itself, given the fact that in the 70's and 80's the betrothed couples were the youngest and marriage rate was the highest in the...

本研究之主要目的在於，探討臺灣綜合所得稅的婚姻懲罰性質對於婚姻行為之影響。本文首先說明臺灣目前婚姻行為之變化趨勢，指出結婚率下降所帶來人口結構改變之問題。其次，簡述有關所得稅法第15條規定變遷及作成修法前後比較。再者，探討國外研究所得稅對於婚姻行為影響之相關文獻並加以整理。最後，就實證資料數據結果加以分析，利用內政部及財政部之統計資料，採用最小平方估計法（OLS）之研究模型，分別對於所得稅婚姻行為與遞延婚姻時間之影響進行實證分析，希望藉由實證資料結果，作為政府制定相關政策參考依據。 本研究之實證結果指出，當所得稅租稅制度為夫妻合併計算課稅時，所得稅對於婚姻行為確實會造成影響，而且相同地對於遞延結婚時間也會造成影響。雖然，實行租稅政策無可避免會造成稅收損失，但是倘實行成本不高又可以增加結婚率，其所帶來的效益將遠遠超越所造成的損失。即使，2015年1月21日公布修正所得稅法第15條，修法後夫妻得就各類所得分開計算稅額，長久以來臺灣所得稅具有婚姻懲罰性質的爭議得以暫時緩解，然而是否就此免除婚姻懲罰性質，仍有待商榷。期待建立良善租稅制度，不應僅考慮財政收入或是租稅公平層面，建議政府未來在因應人口結構轉型問題，可以考量由租稅政策方面著手，另外，輔以現行諸多社會福利政策，如育兒津貼、育嬰假及生產補助等措施，再加上健全完備的醫療照護體系。政府若能適時進行相關政策調整，以因應人口結構轉型，將有助維持未來經濟穩定發展與提升國家競爭力。 / The main purpose of this study was to explore the impact of the marriage penalty income tax on marriage behavior in Taiwan. Firstly account for changes in the trend of current marital behavior in Taiwan, noted the decline in marriage rates change the structure of the population brings. Secondly, outlining the relevant provisions of Article 15 of the Income Tax and made changes before and after amending the law. Moreover, foreign research literature to explore income tax effect of marriage behavior and collated. Finally, to analyze data on the results of the empirical data, using statistical data of the Ministry of the Interior and the Ministry of Finance, using least squares estimation method (OLS) model of research were to influence behavior and deferred income tax marriage time empirical analysis in the hope that the results from the empirical data as a reference for the government to formulate relevant policies. The empirical results of this study point out that when income tax system as the couple aggregated taxation, income tax for the marriage does affect behavior, and married in the same manner for the deferred time will be affected. Although the implementation of tax policy will inevitably result in loss of revenue, but if the implementation does not cost much and can increase the marriage rate, its benefits will far exceed the losses caused. Even, January 21, 2015 announced the Income Tax Act amended Article 15, after amending the law couples was calculated separately on various income tax, the income tax has long been Taiwan's controversial nature of the marriage penalty can be temporary relief, but whether this exemption punitive nature of marriage, still have to discuss. Expect to establishing the good tax system should not only consider the level of revenue or tax fairness, the proposed future government in response to the demographic transition problem, you can proceed to the consideration of tax policy, In addition, combined with the many existing social welfare policies, such as child-care allowances, maternity leave and production subsidies and other measures, combined with a sound comprehensive health care system. If the Government can timely adjust relevant policies to cope with the demographic transition, it will help maintain stable economic development and enhance future national competitiveness.

The main goal of the thesis is to analyze the basic indicators of marriage rate, divorce rate and the proportion of live births outside marriage. The first part is focused on the evaluation of the past and present development of the selected indicators. The thesis also includes a prediction of the future development of these indicators by using the Box-Jenkins methodology. The last part is dedicated to an international comparison of marriage, divorce and non-marital fertility indicators in the selected countries of the European Union. Moreover, the last part also includes a cluster analysis, where countries are divided into homogeneous groups according to the selected indicators.

This diploma thesis researches the development of the position of a woman in the family in the Czech Republic since the fifties of the 20th century. The theoretical part further develops wider background of a researched issue. As a further background are considered mainly the gender socialisation, roles of man and women and gender stereotypes. Furthermore this diploma thesis deals with family main functions and important theories since the second half of the 20th century which deal with the family development and position of women in the family. There are discussed mainly the US and European theories. In the discussed era was in Czech sociology banned and prohibited. Thesis also briefly characterizes demographic development of a family. The results from the mapping of the main issues show historical variability of (un)evenness between man and woman. The research is focused on and their description of common situations which reflect everydayness in the family life. Women were divided into three age groups for simulation of three generations. Their statements helped to get complete information that were further used for mapping of the position of a woman in a family in the Czech Republic in the period of second half of a 20th century. The results of a research reveal those women are more aware of a general...

Population development in Sweden since 1960 Abstract This diploma thesis deals with the population development in Sweden between 1960 and 2018. The main goal of this work is to evaluate in the context of selected demographic characteristics the course of demographic changes that appeared in the country after 1960. The result is changes in the level of demographic reproduction, which are referred to as the second demographic transition. From the 1960s to the present, Sweden has seen an increase in the average age at first marriage, an increase in the average age of the mother giving birth and an increase in the number of divorces. During the observed period, the Swedish population aged, the share of the pre-productive component of the population decreased, while the share of the post-productive component in the population increased. The development of total fertility in Sweden is often compared to a roller coaster due to its specific fluctuation. From 1960 to 2018, Sweden saw a decline in mortality rates, especially in the older age groups and up to one year of age, which was reflected in the values of life expectancy at birth that grew for both men and women. Sweden is inspiring for other European countries with its gender-neutral family and social policy. Keywords: population development, Sweden, second...