Population churn--the population turnover experienced by a community--can have differential effects on a community. Mass society theory suggests that because the churn rate experienced by communities can contribute to their uprooting, fragmentation, and isolation, churn is a potent threat to the stability of our modern day communities. Social capital theory, to the contrary, suggests otherwise. Social capital theory suggests that churn can have positive effects on communities by bringing new migrants with valuable human capital skills and experiences to communities. These migrants bring to their new communities the potential for creating new jobs, spurring economic development, and for initiating housing starts that expand housing options for the poor and minorities. In so doing, they help create and sustain vibrant, growing modern day communities. Yet in spite of the significant role churn may play in determining the health and viability of modern day communities, it has been overlooked in the migration literature, which is mostly dominated by individual-level research on the causes and effects of migration, particularly the pecuniary benefits to movers. Using county-level data and multivariate analyses, this research seeks to fill this gap in the literature by examining the relationship between the community and churn, from the perspectives provided by social capital and mass society theories.

Le Congrès Eucharistique International est l’un des événements de masse les plus significatifs du catholicisme contemporain. À mi-chemin entre la modernité et la tradition, il s’agit d’un phénomène de mobilisation des fidèles comparable à des événements de masse laïcs, tels que l´Exposition Universelle, les congrès scientifiques et politiques, et même les Jeux Olympiques. Notre travail fait une étude comparative de deux des trois Congrès Internationaux qui ont eu lieu en Espagne (Madrid 1911 et Barcelone 1952). Ces assemblées catholiques sont un vaste et riche champ pour la recherche du point de vue des études transdisciplinaires, et en particulier de la perspective de l’histoire culturelle, car chaque célébration implique une convergence particulière d’intérêts multiples (religieux, politiques, économiques, spatiaux, symboliques, etc.). Tandis que pour la première partie de la thèse nous avons fait une contextualisation historique approfondie de chaque congrès (locale, nationale et internationale), pour la deuxième partie, nous avons opté pour une perspective comparative et diachronique autour de deux thématiques essentielles pour l´étude des faits religieux contemporains : catholicisme espagnol et modernité (chapitre 5), et catholicisme espagnol et espace urbain (chapitre 6). La perspective spatiale de notre sixième chapitre est très importante, car, dans le cadre espagnol, il n’existe à ce jour que très peu d’études approfondies sur la religion comme un facteur de transformation de la ville, et inversement, de la ville comme un élément de modernisation du catholicisme contemporain. / The International Eucharistic Congress is one of the most striking mega events organized by the Catholic Church in late modernity. Its hybrid nature (both traditional and modern, secular and spiritual), the fact that it has been celebrated since the end of the XIXth century in all five continents, and the imposing multitudes it gathers, make it an extraordinary object of study for the field of Religion and History. Despite its being mainly conservative in nature, its celebration has also allowed for restricted, but fundamental, religious innovation, gradually allowing the Church to creatively face the challenges of an increasingly less observant modern society. Spain has celebrated the IEC on three occasions: Madrid 1911, Barcelona 1952 and Seville 1993. Our work wishes to establish a rich comparison between the first two. We will first situate the 1911 and 1952 celebrations in their local, national and international historical contexts. Then, in the second part of our work, we will study both celebrations from a diachronic and thematic perspective, namely, the relation of Spanish Catholicism both to Modernity (to the emergence of mass culture and society) and to Urban Space. Taking a postsecular point of view, we will emphasize the fact that the place, role, meaning, and identity of religion in Spain have changed in tandem with modernity’s social, economic, political and cultural transformations. Ultimately, inspired by both by S. Juliá´s revision of the historical metanarrative that considered Spain as Modernity´s failure/“anomaly”, and by F. Montero´s call to develop a Cultural History of Spanish Catholicism, our study wishes to critically reevaluate the role that History has traditionally ascribed to Catholicism in Contemporary Spain.

Denna kvalitativa flerfallsstudie syftar till att skapa en fördjupad förståelse av digitalt socialt arbete. Vi vill undersöka det digitala kunskapshöjande arbetet och det digitala stödet så som det beskrivs på stödorganisationerna Bris, ECPAT och Storasyster hemsidor, avseende barns sexuella utsatthet på internet. Studiens material analyseras med hjälp av tematisk analys .Resultatet presenteras genom två centrala teman, digital informationsspridning och digitala praktiska åtgärder med tillhörande fem subteman. I diskussionen diskuteras stödorganisationernas digitala arbete utifrån teorin om nätverks- och informationssamhälle. Slutsatsen visar att stödorganisationernas informationsspridning på deras hemsidor görs i nätverkssamhället där individer kopplas samman via nätverk. Storasysters “onlinesyster” och“onlinebror” är mer lik massamhällets uppbyggnad med starkare kontakter, medan ECPATs“ snabbhjälpen” och Bris “brisboten” är mer lik nätverkssamhällets ideal med minimal kontakt. Uppsatsen har skapat en fördjupad förståelse av variationer av digital informationsspridning samt av digitalt stöd. / This qualitative multi-case study aims to create an in-depth understanding of digital socialwork. We want to examinate the digital knowledge-raising work and digital support as described on the support organizations Bris, ECPAT and Storasyster websites, regarding children's sexual vulnerability on the internet. The material of the study consists of supportorganizations’ websites and digitally published texts that are analyzed using thematic analysis. The discussion highlights the support organizations’ digital work with the theory ofnetwork and information society. The conclusion shows that the support organizations’ dissemination of information on their websites is done in the network society where individuals are connected via networks. “Onlinesyster" are more similar to the mass society with stronger contacts, while "snabbhjälpen" and "brisboten" are more similar to the ideal ofthe network society with minimal contact. The thesis has created an in-depth understanding of variations in digital information dissemination as well as digital support.