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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
21

Masticatory dysfunction index design and initial clinical evaluation : a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment ... restorative occlusion /

Nelson, Stanley J. January 1986 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1986.
22

Observations of graphic tracings of functional mandibular movements a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment ... in restorative dentistry ... /

Dewe-Mathews, Gerard James. January 1975 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1975.
23

Masticatory function in man clinical and experimental studies on effects of fatigue and training /

Tzakis, Mihail G. January 1992 (has links)
Thesis (doctoral)--University of Göteborg, 1992. / Added t.p. with thesis statement inserted. Includes bibliographical references.
24

Masticatory function in man clinical and experimental studies on effects of fatigue and training /

Tzakis, Mihail G. January 1992 (has links)
Thesis (doctoral)--University of Göteborg, 1992. / Added t.p. with thesis statement inserted. Includes bibliographical references.
25

Amamentação, habitos deleterios bucais e o equilibrio funcional da oclusão decidua / Breast-feeding, bucal harmful habits and the functional balance of the deciduous occlusion

Rochelle, Isaura Maria Ferraz 03 March 2006 (has links)
Orientador: Antonio Carlos Pereira / Dissertação (mestrado profissional) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T18:11:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rochelle_IsauraMariaFerraz_M.pdf: 3369046 bytes, checksum: 65d2306d307bbf52edebc50b79f6ab28 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: Os objetivos deste trabalho foram: a) estimar a freqüência das oclusopatias na dentição decídua e variáveis a elas associadas, como o tipo e o período de amamentação, hábitos deletérios bucais e informações recebidas pelas mães no período do pré-natal; b) avaliar a direção dos movimentos mandibulares no plano frontal, na oclusão decídua, mensurando e relacionando os Ângulos Funcionais Mastigatórios Planas - AFMP com oclusopatias e presença de desgastes fisiológicos; e c) desenvolver um aparato para medir os Ângulos Funcionais Mastigatórios Planas - AFMP na dentição decídua. A amostra constituiu-se de 186 crianças de ambos os sexos, que representaram toda a população de crianças de 5 anos de idade, regularmente matriculadas nas Creches Municipais da cidade de São Pedro, São Paulo, Brasil. A prevalência de oclusopatias na amostra foi alta (95,7%), sendo que 58,6% das crianças apresentaram oclusopatias leves. As oclusopatias mais freqüentes foram em ordem decrescente de freqüência: ligeiro apinhamento ou espaçamentos (23,4%), mordida aberta (22,2%), sobremordida (19,7%), mordida cruzada uni ou bilateral (14,8%), e overjet positivo (12,9%). Na classificação de degrau de molares, o terminal reto apresentou valor epidemiológico alto (84,5%), mostrando uma provável etiologia ambiental dessas oclusopatias. O aleitamento natural acima de 6 meses (33,3%) e o aleitamento natural exclusivo por mais de 3 meses (45,1%) apresentaram valores epidemiológicos baixos, enquanto que a presença de hábitos deletérios bucais mostrou alta freqüência (95,6%) na população estudada. No presente estudo, observou-se que, quando se associavam diversas variáveis independentes em relação à ocorrência de hábitos deletérios bucais, na análise uni variada apenas o tempo de amamentação exclusiva apresentou-se estatisticamente significativo (p= 0,0035). Já em relação à ocorrência das oclusopatias mais freqüentes na amostra, quanto às categorias "ligeiro apinhamento e espaçamento", o tempo de chupeta foi estatisticamente significante (p=0,0320); enquanto que para a "mordida aberta" o tempo de chupeta (p=O,OOI), para a "sobremordida", o tempo de aleitamento (p=0,0152) e o tempo de amamentação exclusiva (p=0,0233) e, para o "overjet positivo," o tempo de amamentação (p=0,0476) se apresentaram estatisticamente significativos. A freqüência dos Ângulos Funcionais Mastigatórios Planas (AFMP) iguais e próximos de zero, que sugerem mastigação bilateral e alternada, foi muito baixa: apenas 10% das crianças apresentou oclusão funcional equilibrada. Quando se associavam diversas variáveis independentes em relação à ocorrência de Ângulos Funcionais Mastigatórios Planas (AFMP) iguais e próximos de zero, verificou-se, na análise univariada, que oclusão normal (p=O,OOII), ligeiro apinhamento ou espaçamento (p=O,OOOI) e presença de desgastes fisiológicos (p=O,OOOOOI) apresentaram-se estatisticamente significativos, enquanto que na análise de regressão logística as crianças que usaram chupeta por mais de 3 anos apresentaram 5,25 maior probabilidade de apresentarem mais mordida aberta que as demais, e existe 19,33 maior probabilidade de apresentarem Ângulos Funcionais Mastigatórios Planas (AFMP) iguais e próximos de zero aquelas crianças que apresentaram oclusão normal classificadas pela OMS. O aparato para medir Ângulos Funcionais Mastigatórios Planas (AFMP) na dentição decídua apresentou estabilidade durante a mensuração e aceitação junto a todas as crianças em que foi aplicado. Conclui-se que a amostra apresentou uma alta prevalência de oclusopatias, bem como presença de hábitos deletérios bucais, sendo que o tempo de amamentação e aleitamento exclusivo foram variáveis importantes associadas ao aparecimento de algumas oclusopatias e hábitos deletérios bucais. Finalmente, pode-se sugerir uma ação mais organizada dos Serviços de Saúde, buscando-se ferramentas capazes de propiciar um diagnóstico mais precoce desses problemas, evitando, desse modo, grande parte das oclusopatias / Abstract: The aim of the present study was a) to estimate the prevalence of "occ1usopathy" in children with deciduous dentition as well as the associated variables, such as type and period of breastfeeding, deleterious mouth habits, and information mothers received during the prenatal period, b) to evaluate the functional balance of the deciduous occ1usion, measuring Planas' masticatory functional angle (MF A) relationship with occ1usopathy and the incidence of physiologic erosion, and c) to measure the MF A in deciduous dentition. The sample consisted of 186 children, both genders, aged 5 years, selected from day care centers in São Pedro, São Paulo, Brazil. A very high prevalence (95.7%) of occ1usopathies was observed among the children, 58.6% of whom presented light occ1usopathy. The most prevalent malocc1usions, or occ1usopathy, were: slight crowding or spacing (23.4%); openbite (22.2%); overbite (19.7%); uni or bilateral crossbite (14.8%); and positive overjet (12.9%). In the c1assification of molar degree, the straight terminal presented a high epidemiological value, showing a probable environrnental etiology of these "occ1usopathies". Natural breastfeeding longer than 3 months showed low epidemiological values (45.1 %), while deleterious mouth habits were very prevalent (95.6%) among the population studied. In the present study, when several independent variables were associated, conceming deleterious mouth habits in the uni-varied analysis, only the time for natural breastfeeding (exc1usive) was statistically significant (p=0.0035). In relation to the most prevalent "occ1usopathies", in the swift apinhamento and spacing, the time for the pacifier has been statistically significant (p=0.0320), while for the open biting the pacifier timing (p=O,OOl) for the sobremordida, the breast-feeing time (p=0.0152) and the wxc1usive time for breast-feeding (p=0,0233) and, for the overjet, the breast-feeding time (p=0,0476) are presenting statistically significant. The frequency of the MF A equal to or near zero, suggests bilateral and altemate mastication was very low: only 10% of the childreen presented "equilibrated functional occ1usion". When independent variables were associated in relation to the MF A equal or near zero, in the univaried analysis, the normal occ1usion (p=O,OOl1), slight crowding or spacing (p=0,0001) and the presence ofphysiologic erosions (p=0,000001) were statistically significant, while in the logistic regression analysis children using the pacifier longer than 3 years presented 5.25 times fold chances to have openbite when compared to the others, and a higher probability of presenting MF A equal or near zero than children presenting normal occlusion. The apparatus used for the measurement of MF A in the deciduous dentition showed stability during the measuring process and was approved by alI the childreen assessed. In conclusion, a high prevalence of occlusopathy was observed among the individuaIs, as welI as the presence of deleterious mouth habits. Breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding were important variables, with some occlusopathies and deleterious habits, suggesting that more approaches are needed in the public health services focusing on a more precocious diagnosis of these probblems, avoiding most ofthese malocclusions / Mestrado / Odontologia em Saude Coletiva / Mestre em Odontologia
26

Efeito do fluxo salivar sobre a eficiencia mastigatoria e distancia interoclusal durante a fala / Effect of salivary flow on masticatory efficiency and interocclusal distance during speech

Gomes, Simone Guimarães Farias 04 November 2008 (has links)
Orientador: Renata Cunha Matheus Rodrigues Garcia / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T04:23:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gomes_SimoneGuimaraesFarias_M.pdf: 991085 bytes, checksum: 7353d2fcc0850a9881e90807703464a0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: A saliva é um fluido complexo que interfere em diversas funções, como auxiliar atividades importantes do sistema estomatognático como a mastigação e a comunicação dos indivíduos. A ausência ou redução do fluxo de saliva pode prejudicar o cumprimento de suas funções e causar desconforto. Diante disso, esse estudo avaliou, de maneira objetiva, se o fluxo salivar interfere na eficiência mastigatória e na distância interoclusal durante a fala. Um total de 60 voluntários saudáveis foram divididos em três grupos (n=20): (1) controle, composto por voluntários com fluxo salivar normal; (2) hipossalivação, composto por voluntários com fluxo salivar reduzido; e (3) hipersalivação, composto por voluntários com salivação aumentada. Para compor o grupo 2, foram selecionados 20 voluntários que faziam uso sistêmico de isotretinoína, indicada para tratamento dermatológico, o qual tem a boca seca como um dos efeitos colaterais mais freqüentes. A condição de hipersalivação do grupo 3 foi induzida por meio de gotejamento de ácido cítrico 6% na superfície lateral da língua. Para comprovar o estado salivar, todos os voluntários tiveram fluxo salivar determinado e expresso em mL/min, imediatamente antes dos testes de eficiência mastigatória e distância interoclusal durante a fala. A eficiência mastigatória foi avaliada por meio da mastigação de 3,4 g de material artificial (Optosil®) durante 20 ciclos mastigatórios. Após a mastigação, a eficiência mastigatória foi calculada por meio da porcentagem de material triturado capaz de atravessar a peneira 10 (2 mm de abertura), utilizando-se sistema de peneiras acopladas a um agitador. A distância interoclusal durante a fala de todos os fonemas da Língua Portuguesa brasileira foi mensurada por meio do método eletromagnético de registro do traçado mandibular, utilizando-se um cinesiógrafo. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos a análise de variância (P=0,05). A comparação da eficiência mastigatória e da distância interoclusal durante a fala entre indivíduos com diferentes condições salivares não revelou diferença estatística significante. Nas condições deste estudo, conclui-se que indivíduos com fluxo salivar reduzido ou aumentado não apresentaram alterações na eficiência mastigatória e distância interoclusal durante a fala em relação aos indivíduos com fluxo salivar normal. Palavras-chave: Saliva, mastigação, comunicação / Abstract: Saliva is a complex fluid which performs various functions, as assisting important activities of the stomatognathic system such as mastication and speech articulation. The lack or reduction of salivary flow affects its functions and causes discomfort. This study objectively evaluated the effect of salivary flow rate on the masticatory efficiency and interocclusal distance during speech. Sixty healthy fully dentate subjects were divided into 3 groups: (1) control, composed by subjects with normal salivary flow rate; (2) hyposalivation, composed by subjects with reduced salivary flow rate; (3) hypersalivation, composed by subjects with increased salivary flow rate. To establish group 2, twenty subjects who used systemic oral isotretinoin were selected. This drug is indicated for dermatologic treatment and its most common side effect is dry mouth. Group 3 hypersalivation condition was conducted by 6% citric acid dripping on tongue lateral borders. The salivary flow was measured immediately before the tests to confirm the salivary condition of the subjects. Masticatory efficiency was evaluated by means of the percentage of an artificial material (Optosil®) which can pass through the 10-mesh sieve after 20 chewing strokes, using a sieving method. The interocclusal distance during the pronunciation of all the Brazilian Portuguese language phonemes was measured using an electromagnetic jaw-tracking method, Recorded data were analyzed by ANOVA (P=0,05). The comparison of masticatory efficiency and interocclusal distance during speech among subjects with different salivary conditions revealed no significant differences. Within the conditions this study, it is possible to conclude that subjects with reduced or induced salivary flow rate presented neither masticatory efficiency nor interocclusal distance during speech alterations when compared with subjects with normal salivary flow rate. Key Words: Saliva, mastication, communication / Mestrado / Protese Dental / Mestre em Clínica Odontológica
27

The relationship between masticatory stress and prognathism : a finite element and morphometric study

Patriquin, Michelle Lyn January 2013 (has links)
Mechanical forces, such as mastication, influence morphological characteristics of the cranium. With varying degrees of prognathism found within and between populations, the ability to accommodate masticatory stress may vary, and this will have profound effects on final craniofacial form. The purpose of this research is a two-fold examination of mid-facial prognathism in modern African males. First, an osteometric and morphological examination of specific areas of the cranium involved in the masticatory apparatus was performed, and its relationship with prognathism assessed. Second, finite element analysis (FEA) was used to interpret the distribution of stress during mastication and the contribution of prognathism to this stress distribution. Two diametrically opposed facial forms (prognathic and orthognathic) were modelled to observe variation in displacement, pressure, and Von Mises stress patterns using linear elastic homogenous isotropic material properties. Boundary conditions simulating muscle contraction of the masseter, medial pterygoid, and temporalis were attributed to the models. A vertical compressive bite-force was applied at the left central incisor and the first molar, respectively. With the use of FEA, differences in the pattern and magnitude of Von Mises stress were noted under simulated mastication. The prognathic model consistently experienced more stress for a molar and incisal bite-force than the orthognathic model. More specifically, the prognathic model accommodated for larger areas of Von Mises stress in the regions of the zygomatic arch, nasal aperture, margins of the orbits, and in the inter-orbital area. As individual muscle forces were modeled, the temporalis and medial pterygoid caused the greatest difference in the stress at the articular eminence between the working and balancing sides. These muscles and their forces should be further investigated to understand their role in temporomandibular joint disorders. Several cranial dimensions were shown to increase or decrease with prognathism. The relationship between the gnathic index and facial parameters were statistically significant for nine cranial and seven dental dimensions. The orthognathic group showed a larger inter-orbital dimension with a subsequent decrease in stress in that area. The upper facial index, maxillary molar crown area and the dental arcade shape demonstrated statistically significant shape changes associated with the degree of prognathism. Morphological analysis did not show a significant distribution in browridge expression and robusticity as a means to accommodate masticatory stress. Stress distribution patterns were correlated with osteometric data and showed a significant difference in inter-orbital breadth between the two groups. Mechanical action of mastication may influence prognathic more than orthognatic facial forms. An orthognatic facial form is biomechanically more efficient under masticatory stress. Mechanical loading during mastication greatly influences the morphological patterns of the facial skeleton. Further investigation into patterns of stress is necessary when changes to the masticatory apparatus arises from clinical involvement, trauma, or as a means to avoid or predict failure in the underlying skeletal architectu / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2014. / Anatomy / unrestricted
28

The effect of unilateral mastication on the temporomandibular joint cartilage: a histological and biochemicalstudy

Huang, Qin, 黃欽 January 2001 (has links)
published_or_final_version / Dentistry / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy
29

Functional characteristics of motor units in human masseter / by Michael Andrew Nordstrom

Nordstrom, Michael Andrew January 1988 (has links)
Typescript (Photocopy) / Copy of published paper co-authored by author, in back / Bibliography: leaves 209-228 / xiv, 232 leaves : ill ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, 1989
30

Adaptation in the masticatory system : descriptive and correlativestudies of a pre-contemporary Australian population /

Richards, Lindsay Clem. January 1983 (has links) (PDF)
Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Dept. of Restorative Dentistry, 1983.

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