Orientador: Dario Fiorentini / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T07:29:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Freitas_MariaTeresaMenezes_D.pdf: 1496876 bytes, checksum: 21e845d3f99b3d5882f07d198d9f3d42 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: O foco de interesse deste estudo é a formação do professor de Matemática e seu objetivo é investigar como estudantes do Curso de Licenciatura, futuros professores, participam e respondem à experiência de uma disciplina de formação matemática com uma proposta diferenciada, que privilegia o registro escrito de seus pensamentos e idéias, durante o processo de formação. A questão de investigação recebeu a seguinte formulação: Que contribuições a inserção de diferentes formas de comunicação - especialmente a escrita -, em uma disciplina de conteúdo específico (Geometria), traz à formação e ao desenvolvimento profissional do professor de Matemática? Como acontece, nesse processo, a constituição da identidade profissional? A fim de buscar compreender a experiência e o potencial formativo de outras formas de comunicação, especialmente a escrita, na formação inicial, a investigação narrativa foi eleita como método de pesquisa. Subsidiada pelos aportes teóricos dos estudos histórico-culturais da constituição do ser humano, a aproximação do movimento de formação dos alunos/professores iniciou-se no primeiro semestre de 2003, com o acompanhamento criterioso de uma turma-disciplina do Curso de Licenciatura em Matemática da Unicamp. Quatro alunos participantes foram selecionados para um acompanhamento mais pormenorizado e perspicaz, que se estendeu pelos dois anos subseqüentes e buscou também elementos anteriores à disciplina. O material de análise foi constituído de: autobiografias, atividades desenvolvidas na disciplina (cartas, bilhetes, relatórios, projetos), entrevistas semi-estruturadas, questionários e textos de mensagens eletrônicas. Para cada protagonista foi organizado um dossiê formado por esses documentos e, após análise prévia dos mesmos, foi tecida sua narrativa de formação. As quatro narrativas elaboradas trouxeram à tona, em diferentes graus de proeminência, aspectos importantes da presença da escrita na constituição pessoal e profissional de cada professor. Dentre outros contextos que favoreceram essa presença, destacou-se, na formação inicial, a prática da escrita discursiva e reflexiva sobre o processo de aprender e ensinar Matemática, promovida pelas disciplinas de Geometria e Prática de Ensino de Matemática. A escrita na Prática de Ensino contribuiu para que o professor em formação compreendesse melhor a complexidade das práticas escolares e o próprio processo de vir a ser professor de matemática neste contexto. Mas foi a escrita, na disciplina de Geometria, associada à utilização de tecnologias de informação e comunicação e ao desenvolvimento de projetos, que contribuiu, de um lado, para promover processos metacognitivos sobre a aprendizagem da Matemática e, de outro, para produzir outros sentidos à Matemática ¿ seus conceitos e processos -, sobretudo quando os interlocutores tinham pouca familiaridade com a linguagem formal. O estudo mostra, além disso, que a experiência discente com a escrita discursiva sobre a Matemática, na formação inicial, influenciou a prática futura dos professores, pois estes passaram também a explorá-la didático-pedagogicamente com seus alunos. Cabe destacar, por outro lado, que dois dos docentes investigados desenvolveram, graças à escrita dos alunos em aulas exploratório-investigativas, uma atitude mais reflexiva e investigativa sobre a própria prática / Abstract: In this work, our attention is mainly focused on the education of mathematics teachers and our purpose is to obtain relevant insights on how students of a Mathematics Teacher's course, and future Mathematics teachers, react to the experience of participating in a mathematics preparation discipline with a different concept: one which emphasizes the written register of thoughts and ideas occurring during learning processes. The investigative question was formulated as: What are the significant contributions of the presence of different communication forms (with special emphasis on written communication) in a mathematics discipline of specific content (such as Geometry) insofar as concerns educational processes and professional development of the Mathematics teacher? How do relevant processes in the constitution of a professional identity occur? In order to understand the experience and the formation potential of other communication forms, especially written formats, the narrative inquiry was chosen as the central research method. Basing theoretical support on studies of cultural and historical constitution of the human being, an approach of the educational processes of pre-service teachers of mathematics began taking form in the first semester of 2003, through the careful observation of the Geometry group of the Mathematics Teacher's course Campinas State. Four participant students were chosen for a keener observance, during the two subsequent years, a procedure that included factors previous to the mentioned discipline. Analyses tools included autobiographical registers, study of course activities (letters, notes, reports, projects), semi- structured interviews, questionnaires and e-mail messages. The documents of each of the participants formed an individual record that was weaved, after analysis, into a narrative written structure of their professional and personal developments. These four narratives highlighted, with different intensities, important aspects due to the presence of written expression in the personal and professional education of each of these teachers-to-be. The practice of writing down discourse and reflections on processes of learning and teaching Mathematics, as promoted by Geometry and Mathematics Teaching Practices disciplines definitely stood out among other contextual scenarios which favored the presence of written expression. The latter contributed so that these Mathematics Teacher undergraduates better understand the complexity of school practices, and the process itself of becoming a Mathematics teacher in this environment. But it was, in fact, the writing, in Geometry, closely considered with computer technologies, as well as the communication and development of projects that contributed both to promote metacognitive processes on the learning of Mathematics as well as to produce other meanings of Mathematics concepts and processes mostly when participants had little or no familiarity with formal/symbolic language. Besides, the study shows that, in the initial education of Math teachers, experience with written discourse on Mathematics subjects, influenced future professional practice, since, as teachers, they included this aspect didactically and pedagogically when working with their own students. Also to be remarked is that two of the participants, due to their students' writing in exploratory and investigative class activities, developed a more reflexive attitude towards their own professional practice / Doutorado / Educação Matematica / Doutor em Educação

The Edinburgh Mathematical Society started out in 1883 as a society with a large proportion of teachers. Today, the member base is mainly academical and there are only a few teachers left. This thesis explores how and when this change came about, and discusses what this meant for the Society. It argues that the exit of the teachers is related to the rising standard of mathematics, but even more to a change in the Society’s printing policy in the 1920s, that turned the Society’s Proceedings into a pure research publication and led to the death of the ‘teacher journal’, the Mathematical Notes. The thesis also argues that this change, drastic as it may seem, does not represent a change in the Society’s nature. For this aim, the role of the teachers within the Society has been studied and compared to that of the academics, from 1883 to 1946. The mathematical contribution of the teachers to the Proceedings is studied in some detail, in particular the papers by John Watt Butters. A paper in the Mathematical Notes by A. C. Aitken on the Bell numbers is considered in connection with a series of letters on the same topic from 1938–39. These letters, written by Aitken, Sir D’Arcy Thompson, another EMS member, and the Cambridge mathematician G. T. Bennett, explores the relation between the three and gives valuable insight into the status of the Notes. Finally, the role of the first women in the Society is studied. The first woman joined without any official university education, but had received the necessary mathematical background from her studies under the Edinburgh Association for the University Education of Women. The final chapter is largely an assessment of this Association’s mathematical classes.