This study aims to investigate how to work with sustainability in e-commerce, with a focus on making information available to the consumer as well as how this could be conceptualized. This requires a multidisciplinary approach, with domain knowledge based on environmental science and additional knowledge in information and computer science. In the time we live in now, we see an increased need to think sustainably and act for it in society. Consumption of products or services has a great impact on this and to a large extent via e-commerce today where consumers often find themselves confused in how to make a sustainable choice. We must work towards a more sustainable society and living. If we continue to utilize our planet's resources and assets without letting nature recover, we will probably end up in an unsustainable situation. Previous research shows the complexity in terms of sustainability, the definition as such but also how to assess it, a lack of regulated standards complicates the unified picture of what is actually sustainable. Creating an index or some form of standard for sustainability is not possible for us in relation to the time frame and scope of this study. An attempt to clarify what one can do with a focus on the consumer and how he or she can access information that is available or could be, is for us interesting to investigate. What made this possible was an extensive literature study to acquire the domain knowledge required to be able to understand what we needed to focus on, the literature study itself provided good insights and a good foundation as a starting point. By following a work process based on Design Science Research Methodology and with the opportunity to collaborate with an established company that works to guide consumers in e-commerce, we have been able to work in a concrete and relevant context and thus had the opportunity to test our concepts based on a literature study and data collection methods, consisting of questionnaires and interviews. Key findings from the study were that consumers wanted to know more about sustainability as well as the importance of involving the consumer in the process. Based on a literature study and the data collections, a basic data model for sustainability was developed. Companies in e-commerce should take the initiative to support sustainable online consumption. The task is difficult, but doing so could provide a competetive advantage among the companies and at the same time it contributes to a good cause.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:53:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RESINA_Rodrigo_2013.pdf: 1378733 bytes, checksum: 22706495e4206944b062ab63a28ac3f4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-13 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / The quest for sustainable development is becoming more widespread among government, private organizations and members of civil society, motivated primarily by environmental imbalance and social problems. So the companies conceptualize measure and work toward sustainability and it has become the goal of many of these organizations. This research aimed to analyze how large retail supermarkets companies, that have operation in Brazil, measure their practices aimed at sustainable development. It was carried out during the research, a review of theory and the multiple case studies exploratory; it realized the data collection through public documents (Sustainability reports). First, it s analyzed 32 reports of 3 retail businesses for several years. It was analyzed as indicators of sustainability are reported by companies in the sector, it was also assessed developments in the application of sustainability reporting in retail and sustainability dimension is prioritized in the reporting of organizational management. It observed a non- regular reporting on sustainability in the periods analyzed, companies report a higher number of indicators related social issues and despite the use of the GRI indicators, the companies had different interpretations about the same indicators. Thus, it identified that companies need to improve their reports and using the external validation (audit) to ensure the transparency and quality of sustainable reporting, enabling the retail supermarket companies to act towards a sustainable management / A busca pelo desenvolvimento sustentável se torna cada vez mais difundida entre os agentes governamentais, organizações privadas e membros da sociedade civil. Esses grupos são motivados, principalmente, pelo desequilíbrio ambiental e pelos problemas sociais. Desse modo, conceituar, mensurar e atuar rumo à sustentabilidade tem se tornado o objetivo de muitas dessas organizações. Essa pesquisa visou analisar como as empresas de varejo supermercadistas de grande porte, que operam no Brasil, reportam e mensuram suas práticas voltadas ao desenvolvimento sustentável. Foi realizado, durante a pesquisa, a revisão da teoria e uma análise documental descritiva, com a coleta de dados através documentos públicos (relatórios de Sustentabilidade). A pesquisa avaliou 32 relatórios de 3 empresas publicados nos últimos anos. Foram analisados como os indicadores de sustentabilidade são reportados pelas empresas do setor, também foi avaliado a evolução na aplicação dos relatórios de sustentabilidade no varejo e a dimensão da sustentabilidade, que é priorizada no reporte da gestão organizacional. Observou-se, uma não regularidade no reporte da sustentabilidade nos períodos analisados, as empresas reportam um volume maior de indicadores relacionados às questões sociais e apesar do uso do modelo da Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) haviam interpretações diferentes dos indicadores por parte das empresas. Assim, identificou-se a necessidade das empresas aprimorarem seus relatórios e utilizarem a validação externa (auditoria) para garantirem a transparência e a qualidade das informações reportadas, possibilitando que as empresas do varejo supermercadista atuem rumo a uma gestão sustentável efetiva e eficiente.

Environmental changes and social instability are two great challenges of today’s society. The development of the sustainable bond market is a response to these. The demand is strong but there is no clear definition of the instruments and there is no standardised way of measuring the effect of them. The purpose of this thesis is thus to study the impact of sustainable bonds, and ways to communicate it to stakeholders. The research consists of nine interviews and the results are analysed in alignment with theoretical frameworks and models evaluated in a literature review. The key findings focus on suggestions for measures and creating a common language for reporting. The main recommendation for the commissioner is to undertake the following three steps: 1) Collect and aggregate all raw data from issuers into their systems. 2) Create harmonised values of the data. 3) Include soft and general values in the calculations. / Klimatförändringar och social osäkerhet är två stora utmaningar i dagens samhälle. Utvecklingen av hållbara obligationer är en följd av dessa. Efterfrågan är stark men det finns ingen tydlig definition av instrumenten och det finns inget standardiserat sätt att mäta effekten av dem. Syftet med denna studie är därför att undersöka påverkan av hållbara obligationer samt sätt att kommunicera dem till intressenter. Forskningen består av nio intervjuer och resultaten är analyserade i linje med de teoretiska ramverk samt modeller som utvärderas i litteraturstudien. Nyckelresultaten fokuserar på förslag till mätetal samt skapandet av ett gemensamt språk för rapportering. Huvudrekommendationen till uppdragsgivaren är att ta sig an följande tre steg: 1) Samla och aggregera rådata från emittenter i system. 2) Harmonisera data så att den är jämförbar. 3) Inkludera mjuka och generella värden i beräkningar.