Initié en 2009, le projet MISE 2.0 (deuxième itération du projet Mediation Information System Engineering) s’articule autour d’une approche BPM (pour Business Process Management) et d’une vision MDE (pour Model-Driven Engineering). La réalisation d’une démarche BPM classique au sein d’une organisation nécessite de recueillir une connaissance couvrant à la fois les aspects structurel, informationnel et fonctionnel afin de définir des modèles de processus caractéristiques du comportement de l’organisation. Concernant le projet MISE 2.0, l’approche BPM considérée concerne un ensemble d’organisations collaboratives. Quant à la composante MDE, elle est destinée à faciliter l’automatisation des différentes étapes de la démarche : i) Recueil de la connaissance (caractérisation de la situation) : Il s’agit de collecter les information concernant la situation collaborative considérée, ii) Déduction de la cartographie de processus collaboratifs (définition de la solution) : il s’agit de définit les processus collaboratifs adaptés à la situation collaboratives caractérisée au niveau précedent and iii) Déploiement du SI de médiation (implémentation de la solution) : il s’agit d’implémenter le SI de médiation sous la forme d’une plateforme informatique capable d’orchestrer les processus collaboratif définis. La problématique scientifique relève des deux transitions entre ces trois niveaux d’abstractions : la première transition est prise en charge au niveau abstrait de la démarche MISE 2.0 alors que la seconde est traitée au niveau concret. Les travaux de thèse dont il est ici question se focalisent sur le niveau abstrait : déduction d’une cartographie de processus collaboratifs satisfaisant la situation collaborative considérée. Ce type d’objectif relève généralement d’activités entièrement manuelles qui nécessitent une importante quantité de travail afin d’obtenir les modèles de processus escomptés. Les travaux de recherches présentés ambitionnent d’automatiser cette démarche. Le principe est le suivant : (i) recueil, sous la forme de modèles, de la connaissance nécessaire à la caractérisation de la situation collaborative (informations sur les partenaires, les fonctions qu’ils partagent et leurs objectifs), (ii) déduction de la connaissance complémentaire relative à la dynamique collaborative qui pourrait satisfaire ces objectifs selon les moyens disponibles (cette phase s’appuie sur un métamodèle collaboratif, sur l’ontologie associée et sur des règles de transformation) et (iii) structuration de cette connaissance générée sous la forme d’une cartographie de processus collaboratifs (grâce à des algorithmes dédiés). / MISE 2.0 (for Mediation Information System Engineering, second iteration) project has been launched in 2009. The MISE 2.0 engineering approach is based on BPM (Business Process Management) and MDE (Model-Driven Engineering). Running a regular BPM approach on a specific organization consists in gathering structural, informational, and functional knowledge in order to design cartography of processes covering the behavior of the modeled organization. Regarding the MISE 2.0 project the BPM approach concerns a set of organizations and MDE helps in automatizing the different steps: i) Knowledge gathering (situation layer): collect information concerning the collaborative situation, ii) Processes cartography design (solution layer): design the processes according to the knowledge gathered and iii) MIS deployment (implementation layer): implement an IT structure able to run the processes cartography. Both the transitions between these layers are the hard-points of this approach: The first gap is managed at the abstract level of MISE 2.0 while the second one is managed at the concrete level of MISE 2.0. The current PhD is focused on the first issue: designing a relevant processes cartography from the modeled collaborative situation. However, this is usually a manual activity, which requires a large amount of work to draw the processes and their links. The current research works aim at building such collaborative process cartography in an automated manner. Our principles are (i) to gather the essential and minimum initial collaborative knowledge (e.g. partners, shared functions and collaborative objectives) in models, ii) to deduce the missing knowledge with the help of a collaborative metamodel, an associated ontology and transformation rules and iii) to structure the deduced knowledge in a collaborative process cartography thanks to dedicated algorithms.

Rubim, Linda Silva Oliveira ver Rubim, Lindinalva Silva Oliveira / Submitted by Fatima Cleômenis Botelho Maria (botelho@ufba.br) on 2014-12-13T12:47:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert_BotelhoMFC_v.final[27.10.14].pdf: 2268253 bytes, checksum: 105f00d70d5f7a2d0bd68242c03f5f74 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Fatima Cleômenis Botelho Maria (botelho@ufba.br) on 2014-12-13T12:49:29Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert_BotelhoMFC_v.final[27.10.14].pdf: 2268253 bytes, checksum: 105f00d70d5f7a2d0bd68242c03f5f74 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-13T12:49:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert_BotelhoMFC_v.final[27.10.14].pdf: 2268253 bytes, checksum: 105f00d70d5f7a2d0bd68242c03f5f74 (MD5) / Este trabalho focaliza o acesso à informação por pessoas com deficiência em bibliotecas universitárias, especificamente nas bibliotecas do Sistema Universitário de Bibliotecas da Universidade Federal da Bahia (SIBI/UFBA), objetivando investigar o papel mediador exercido por essas bibliotecas e profissionais bibliotecários que nelas atuam. A pesquisa teve como pressuposto, a ausência significativa desses usuários nas bibliotecas e se deteve no atendimento praticado pelo Serviço de Referência (SR) de duas bibliotecas: a Biblioteca Universitária Reitor Macedo Costa (BRUMC) e a Biblioteca Universitária de Saúde (BUS). A fundamentação teórica partiu dos Disability Studies (Estudos sobre Deficiência), formulados por teóricos britânicos da década de 1960, cujos conceitos estruturaram os movimentos pelos direitos das pessoas com deficiência, intensificados mundialmente. Apresenta o Modelo Social da Deficiência, bem como os aspectos históricos relacionados à problemática da deficiência, abordando questões relativas ao preconceito, segregação e direitos humanos. Aborda também o conceito de mediação da informação, a importância do SR e sua prática relacionada às competências em informação, dos profissionais bibliotecários. Efetuou-se uma pesquisa exploratória, com intuito de conhecer a relação que a biblioteca universitária tem com seus usuários com deficiência, visando contribuir para o aperfeiçoamento desse atendimento. Utilizou-se a entrevista como instrumento de coleta de dados, tendo em vista não apenas o tamanho da amostra, como também às características subjetivas das questões formuladas, que revelaram o caráter essencialmente qualitativo da pesquisa. Os resultados foram obtidos mediante a análise das respostas de dois grupos de bibliotecários do SIBI/UFBA: o primeiro formado pelos bibliotecários gestores e o segundo pelos que atuam no SR. Esses resultados comprovaram os pressupostos iniciais da pesquisa, constatando a ausência de usuários com deficiência nas bibliotecas e também a inexistência de políticas institucionais direcionadas ao atendimento dessas pessoas nas bibliotecas do SIBI/UFBA. Os resultados apontam também para a necessidade de uma discussão mais aprofundada sobre a deficiência e sobre a mediação direcionada a esse público. Sugere-se que mudanças na formação dos profissionais bibliotecários são necessárias, além da elaboração de políticas e ações, por parte do SIBI/UFBA, que permitam maior aproximação como esse público específico. / This study focuses on access to information by people with disabilities in university libraries, specifically in the library system of the Federal University of Bahia (SIBI/UFBA). The objective is to investigate the mediating role performed by these libraries and professional librarians who work in them. The research was based on the significant absence of these users in libraries and has been engaged in the observation of the service given by Service Reference (SR) of two libraries: Reitor Macedo Costa University Library and University Library of Health. The theoretical foundation came from Disability Studies, formulated by British theorists of the 1960s, whose concepts have structured the movement for the rights of people with disabilities, intensified worldwide. Displays the Social Model of Disability, as well as the historical aspects related to the disability, addressing issues of preconception, segregation and human rights. Also addresses the concept of mediation of information, the importance of the SR and practice related to information literacy, of librarians. We conducted a exploratory research, in order to know the relationship that the university library has with its users with disabilities to contribute to the improvement of this service. We used the interview as an instrument of data collection, considering not only the sample size, but also the subjective characteristics of the questions, which show the essentially qualitative nature of the research. Results were obtained by analyzing the responses of two groups of librarians SIBI/UFBA: the first formed by the managers and the second by librarians who work in SR. These results confirmed the initial assumptions of the research, noting the absence of users with disabilities in libraries and also the lack of institutional policies focused on serving these people in the SIBI/UFBA libraries. The results also point to the need for further discussion on disability and on mediation aimed at these users. It is suggested that changes in the education of librarians are needed, in addition to the development of policies and actions by the SIBI / UFBA, enabling closer approach to that specific public.

La réponse aux situations de crise routière hivernale est gérée en France au niveau zonal par les Centres Régionaux d'Information et de Coordination Routière (CRICR). Le pilotage de ces crises est réalisé à une échelle multi départementale et fait intervenir de multiples parties prenantes (gestionnaires routiers, préfectures, forces de l'ordre...). La coordination de ces acteurs hétérogènes apparaît donc comme indispensable pour assurer une réponse efficace à la situation de crise. C'est le rôle de la cellule de crise, de garantir cette coordination afin de permettre une bonne exécution de la réponse. C'est surtout son rôle d'assurer la qualité de la réponse quelque soient les aléas et les perturbations rencontrées. Malheureusement, force est de constater que les acteurs en présence ne disposent pas des outils adéquats pour atteindre ces objectifs. Les présents travaux de thèse ambitionnent d'améliorer cette situation par la mise en place d'un système d'information de médiation agile. Celui-ci repose sur la constitution d'une base de connaissances (ontologie), alimentée à partir de la collecte de données issues de systèmes d'information hétérogènes, pour permettre la définition tactique d'une solution adaptée de réponse allant jusqu'à la formalisation des processus collaboratifs à mettre en œuvre. La réalisation de la collaboration s'assoit alors sur une orchestration informatique de ces processus. Dans notre proposition, la détection "à chaud" de problèmes et les recommandations d'adaptation générées soutiennent le pilotage « réactif » de la réponse dans un environnement complexe et particulièrement instable. Cette fonctionnalité est complétée par un système capable de détecter a priori les problèmes, en établissant une projection de la situation courante (crise et réponse) à partir des éléments dont la cellule de crise dispose. Cette projection donne lieu à une évaluation de la situation future et contribue à la conception d'une nouvelle réponse. Ces mécanismes permettent un pilotage « anticipatif » de la gestion de crise. Les résultats de cette thèse ont été principalement développés et validés dans le cadre du projet PREDIT SIM-PeTra sur l'amélioration de la coordination dans la gestion des crises par la mise en place d'un Système d'Information de Médiation dans le cadre de Perturbations dans les Transports. / In France, the response to winter road emergencies are managed by Regional Centres for Information and Road Coordination (CRICR). The management of these crises is performed at a multi county level and involves multiple stakeholders (road operator, local representative of national authority, police…). Therefore, the coordination of such heterogeneous actors must be assumed by the crisis cell to ensure an effective response. The crisis cell has also to provide a good response facing hazards and disturbances encountered. Unfortunately, it is clear that the involved actors do not have a relevant and adequate set of ICT tools to achieve these goals. This thesis aims at improving this situation by setting up an agile mediation information system. This is based on the creation of a knowledge base (structured as an ontology), fed from the gathering of data from all the available heterogeneous information systems, to enable the tactical definition of a suitable response. The final goal is to formalize this response as collaborative processes to implement and to orchestrate through a computer system. In our proposal, detecting "hot" issues (such as disruptions or unexpected events) and making recommended adaptation support the "reactive" control of the response in a complex and highly unstable environment. This feature is completed by a system able to detect a priori problems, by establishing a projection of the current situation (crisis response), based on the collected forecasts owned by the crisis manager (traffic, weather, etc.). This projection leads to an assessment of the future situation and contributes to the design of a new response. This mechanism allows a " proactive " oversight of crisis management. The results of this PhD have mainly been developed and validated in the SIM Petra project (funded by PREDIT) regarding the establishment of a Mediation Information System to improve the coordination of the management of crisis concerning disruptions in transport.