Thesis (M.S. in Biomedical Informatics)--Vanderbilt University, Dec. 2007. / Title from title screen. Includes bibliographical references.

No description available.

No / Previous research has established health professionals as secondary victims of medical error, with the identification of a range of emotional and psychological repercussions that may occur as a result of involvement in error.2 3 Due to the vast range of emotional and psychological outcomes, research to date has been inconsistent in the variables measured and tools used. Therefore, differing conclusions have been drawn as to the nature of the impact of error on professionals and the subsequent repercussions for their team, patients and healthcare institution. A systematic review was conducted. METHODS: Data sources were identified using database searches, with additional reference and hand searching. Eligibility criteria were applied to all studies identified, resulting in a total of 24 included studies. Quality assessment was conducted with the included studies using a tool that was developed as part of this research, but due to the limited number and diverse nature of studies, no exclusions were made on this basis. RESULTS: Review findings suggest that there is consistent evidence for the widespread impact of medical error on health professionals. Psychological repercussions may include negative states such as shame, self-doubt, anxiety and guilt. Despite much attention devoted to the assessment of negative outcomes, the potential for positive outcomes resulting from error also became apparent, with increased assertiveness, confidence and improved colleague relationships reported. CONCLUSION: It is evident that involvement in a medical error can elicit a significant psychological response from the health professional involved. However, a lack of literature around coping and support, coupled with inconsistencies and weaknesses in methodology, may need be addressed in future work.

Thesis (M.App.Sc.) - Carleton University, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 92-105). Also available in electronic format on the Internet.

Thesis (M.S.)--Boise State University, 2009. / Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 66-68).

Thesis (M.S.)--Boise State University, 2009. / Title from t.p. of PDF file (viewed April 28, 2010). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 66-68).

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Duquesne University, 2006. / Title from document title page. Abstract included in electronic submission form. Includes bibliographical references (p.146-151) and index.

High rates of medical errors are well documented within the healthcare industry. Nurses, in particular, play a critical role in the quality and safety of healthcare services. Fatigue is a factor that has been linked to stress, safety, and performance decrements in numerous work environments. Within healthcare, however, a comprehensive definition of fatigue encompassing multiple dimensions has not been considered, but is warranted since nurses perform tasks consisting of diverse physical and mental activities. As such, "total fatigue" was examined, as were interactions between its underlying dimensions and the effects of these dimensions on performance, in the context of actual and simulated nursing work. In a survey study (Chapter 2), registered nurses reported relatively high levels of mental, physical, and total fatigue, and higher levels of fatigue were associated with perceived decreases in performance. Work environment variables, such as work schedule or shift length, were also related to differences in reported fatigue levels. An experimental study investigated causal effects of mental and physical fatigue on mental and physical performance (Chapter 3). Mental fatigue affected a measure of mental performance, and physical fatigue had a negative effect on measures of physical and mental performance. A multidimensional view of fatigue that considers direct and crossover effects between mental and physical dimensions of fatigue and performance is relevant when quantifying effects of fatigue on performance. A model of the relationships between fatigue dimensions and performance in nursing was developed using structural equation modeling techniques (Chapter 4). The model supported the existence of a total fatigue construct that is directly affected by mental and physical fatigue levels. The final model also provides quantitative path coefficients defining the strength of relationships between mental and physical dimensions of fatigue, total fatigue, and mental and physical performance. The current research provides an increased understanding of fatigue levels in registered nurses across work environments, as well as the underlying causal mechanisms between dimensions of fatigue and performance decrements. The findings and the final model can aid in designing interventions to reduce or eliminate the contributions of fatigue to the occurrence of medical errors. / Ph. D.

Introdução: A segurança do paciente é tema de grande importância pois muitos pacientes hospitalizados são vítimas de eventos adversos (EAs). Evento adverso é um incidente que resulta em dano desnecessário ao paciente, de caráter não intencional, e que está associado à assistência prestada, e não com a evolução natural da doença do indivíduo. As unidades de terapia intensiva (UTIs) são ambientes propícios à ocorrência de EAs, porém não há dados abrangentes sobre EAs em UTIs no Brasil. Além disso é preciso verificar se a ocorrência de EAs é fator de risco para morte em UTI, e quais são os fatores de risco para sua ocorrência. Objetivos: Identificar e caracterizar EAs em UTIs do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HC-FMUSP), avaliar se há relação entre ocorrência de EAs e morte em UTIs, e identificar quais os fatores de risco para a ocorrência de EAs nesses locais. Métodos: Estudo observacional do tipo coorte que analisou admissões consecutivas em UTIs no HC-FMUSP entre Junho e Agosto de 2009. Os casos foram acompanhados até a saída da UTI, seja alta ou óbito. Foram coletados dados sobre aspectos clínicos, escores de gravidade (APACHE II, SAPS II, SOFA), carga de trabalho de enfermagem (NAS) e intervenções realizadas. EAs foram identificados através da revisão de prontuários e observação dos profissionais médicos e de enfermagem, sendo classificados quanto ao tipo e grau de dano conforme classificação da Organização Mundial da Saúde. Foi feita análise multivariada com regressão logística para analisar se EAs são fatores de risco independentes para morte em UTI. Foi feita uma segunda análise multivariada com regressão logística para verificar quais são os fatores de risco para ocorrência de EAs com alto grau de dano (AGD). Resultados: Ocorreram 1126 EAs em 81,7% das 202 admissões estudadas. Os EAs mais frequentes foram os das categorias processo clínico/procedimento (54% dos EAs), medicação (25,8%), nutrição (13,9%), e infecção (5,5%). Quanto ao dano, 74,4% foram EAs leves, 19,4% moderados, 4,1% graves e 2,1% associados a óbito. A ocorrência de 4 a 6 EAs na internação mostrou-se um fator de risco para óbito em UTI (OR:18,517; IC95%:1,043-328,808; P=0,047), assim como a ocorrência de >= 7 EAs (OR:32,084; IC95%:1,849-556,684; P=0,017). Quanto aos tipos, a ocorrência de EA do tipo processo clínico/procedimento mostrou-se fator de risco para óbito em UTI (OR:9,311; IC95%:1,283-67,556; P=0,027), bem como a ocorrência de EA com AGD (OR:38,964; IC95%:5,620-270,151; P < 0,001). Foram identificados os seguintes fatores de risco para ocorrência de EAs com AGD: NAS médio de 70,1% a 82,3% (OR:6,301; IC95%:1,164- 34,117; P=0,033), NAS médio >= 82,4% (OR:9,068; IC95%:1,729-47,541; P=0,009), SOFA médio entre 4,5 a 6,7 (OR:6,934; IC95%:1,239-38,819; P=0,028), e um SOFA médio >= 6,8 (OR:10,293; IC95%:1,752-60,474; P=0,010). Conclusões: EAs acometeram muitas admissões das UTIs estudadas, sendo que mais da metade destes eventos foi do tipo processo clínico/procedimento. Cerca de 6% dos EAs foi considerado grave ou associado ao óbito do paciente. A ocorrência de EAs foi um fator de risco independente para óbito, principalmente EAs do tipo processo clínico/procedimento e EAs com AGD. Os fatores de risco para ocorrência de EAs com AGD foram a carga de trabalho de enfermagem e a gravidade do paciente / Introduction: Patient safety is a matter of great importance because many hospitalized patients are victims of adverse events (AEs). Adverse event is an unintentional incident that results in unnecessary patient harm, that is associated with the care provided, and not with the natural evolution of the individual\'s disease. The intensive care units (ICUs) are prone environments to the occurrence of AEs, but there is no comprehensive data on AEs in ICUs in Brazil. Is not known for sure if AEs are risk factors for death in ICUs, and what are the most important risk factors for AEs occurrence in ICUs. Objectives: To identify and characterize AEs in ICUs of the Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), to evaluate relationship of AEs with death in ICUs, and to identify risk factors for the occurrence of AEs. Methods: This is an observational cohort study of consecutive admissions to ICUs of HC-FMUSP analyzed between June and August 2009. The cases were followed until discharge from the ICU, dead or alive. Data on clinical features, severity scores (APACHE II, SAPS II, SOFA), nursing workload (NAS) and interventions were collected. AEs were identified by reviewing medical records and observation of medical and nursing professionals, and they were classified according to type and degree of harm as classified by the World Health Organization. Multivariate analyzes were performed with logistic regression to examine whether EAs are independent risk factors for death in the ICU. A second multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to verify what are the risk factors for the occurrence of AEs with high damage (HD). Results: There were 1126 AEs in 81.7% of 202 admissions studied. 1126 AEs occurred in 81.7% of 202 admissions studied. The most common AEs were the categories of clinical process / procedure (54% of AEs), medication (25.8%), nutrition (13.9%), and healthcare-associated infection (5.5%). The occurrence of 4-6 AEs at admission was a risk factor for death in the ICU (OR:18.517; 95%CI:1,043-328,808; P=0.047 ), as well as the occurrence of >= 7 AEs (OR:32.084; 95%CI:1,849-556,684; P=0.017). Regarding the types, the occurrence of AE of clinical process / procedure type was as risk factor for death in the ICU (OR:9.311; 95%CI:1,283-67,556; P=0.027) as well as the occurrence of AE with HD (OR:38.964; 95%CI:5,620-270,151; P < 0.001) . The following risk factors were identified for the occurrence of AEs with HD: mean NAS of 70.1% to 82.3% (OR:6.301; 95%CI:1,164-34,117; P=0.033), mean NAS >= 82.4% (OR:9.068; 95%CI:1,729-47,541; P=0.009), mean SOFA between 4.5 and 6.7 (OR:6.934; 95%CI:1,239 - 38,819; P=0.028), and mean SOFA >= 6,8 (OR:10.293; 95%CI:1,752-60,474; P=0.010). Conclusions: AEs occurred in many studied ICU admissions, and more than half of these events was clinical process / procedure type. About 6% of AEs were considered serious or associated with death of the patient. The occurrence of AEs was a independent risk factor for death, especially the clinical process / procedure type, and AEs with HD. Risk factors for the occurrence of AEs with HD were the nursing workload and the patient severity

Introdução: A segurança do paciente é tema de grande importância pois muitos pacientes hospitalizados são vítimas de eventos adversos (EAs). Evento adverso é um incidente que resulta em dano desnecessário ao paciente, de caráter não intencional, e que está associado à assistência prestada, e não com a evolução natural da doença do indivíduo. As unidades de terapia intensiva (UTIs) são ambientes propícios à ocorrência de EAs, porém não há dados abrangentes sobre EAs em UTIs no Brasil. Além disso é preciso verificar se a ocorrência de EAs é fator de risco para morte em UTI, e quais são os fatores de risco para sua ocorrência. Objetivos: Identificar e caracterizar EAs em UTIs do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HC-FMUSP), avaliar se há relação entre ocorrência de EAs e morte em UTIs, e identificar quais os fatores de risco para a ocorrência de EAs nesses locais. Métodos: Estudo observacional do tipo coorte que analisou admissões consecutivas em UTIs no HC-FMUSP entre Junho e Agosto de 2009. Os casos foram acompanhados até a saída da UTI, seja alta ou óbito. Foram coletados dados sobre aspectos clínicos, escores de gravidade (APACHE II, SAPS II, SOFA), carga de trabalho de enfermagem (NAS) e intervenções realizadas. EAs foram identificados através da revisão de prontuários e observação dos profissionais médicos e de enfermagem, sendo classificados quanto ao tipo e grau de dano conforme classificação da Organização Mundial da Saúde. Foi feita análise multivariada com regressão logística para analisar se EAs são fatores de risco independentes para morte em UTI. Foi feita uma segunda análise multivariada com regressão logística para verificar quais são os fatores de risco para ocorrência de EAs com alto grau de dano (AGD). Resultados: Ocorreram 1126 EAs em 81,7% das 202 admissões estudadas. Os EAs mais frequentes foram os das categorias processo clínico/procedimento (54% dos EAs), medicação (25,8%), nutrição (13,9%), e infecção (5,5%). Quanto ao dano, 74,4% foram EAs leves, 19,4% moderados, 4,1% graves e 2,1% associados a óbito. A ocorrência de 4 a 6 EAs na internação mostrou-se um fator de risco para óbito em UTI (OR:18,517; IC95%:1,043-328,808; P=0,047), assim como a ocorrência de >= 7 EAs (OR:32,084; IC95%:1,849-556,684; P=0,017). Quanto aos tipos, a ocorrência de EA do tipo processo clínico/procedimento mostrou-se fator de risco para óbito em UTI (OR:9,311; IC95%:1,283-67,556; P=0,027), bem como a ocorrência de EA com AGD (OR:38,964; IC95%:5,620-270,151; P < 0,001). Foram identificados os seguintes fatores de risco para ocorrência de EAs com AGD: NAS médio de 70,1% a 82,3% (OR:6,301; IC95%:1,164- 34,117; P=0,033), NAS médio >= 82,4% (OR:9,068; IC95%:1,729-47,541; P=0,009), SOFA médio entre 4,5 a 6,7 (OR:6,934; IC95%:1,239-38,819; P=0,028), e um SOFA médio >= 6,8 (OR:10,293; IC95%:1,752-60,474; P=0,010). Conclusões: EAs acometeram muitas admissões das UTIs estudadas, sendo que mais da metade destes eventos foi do tipo processo clínico/procedimento. Cerca de 6% dos EAs foi considerado grave ou associado ao óbito do paciente. A ocorrência de EAs foi um fator de risco independente para óbito, principalmente EAs do tipo processo clínico/procedimento e EAs com AGD. Os fatores de risco para ocorrência de EAs com AGD foram a carga de trabalho de enfermagem e a gravidade do paciente / Introduction: Patient safety is a matter of great importance because many hospitalized patients are victims of adverse events (AEs). Adverse event is an unintentional incident that results in unnecessary patient harm, that is associated with the care provided, and not with the natural evolution of the individual\'s disease. The intensive care units (ICUs) are prone environments to the occurrence of AEs, but there is no comprehensive data on AEs in ICUs in Brazil. Is not known for sure if AEs are risk factors for death in ICUs, and what are the most important risk factors for AEs occurrence in ICUs. Objectives: To identify and characterize AEs in ICUs of the Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), to evaluate relationship of AEs with death in ICUs, and to identify risk factors for the occurrence of AEs. Methods: This is an observational cohort study of consecutive admissions to ICUs of HC-FMUSP analyzed between June and August 2009. The cases were followed until discharge from the ICU, dead or alive. Data on clinical features, severity scores (APACHE II, SAPS II, SOFA), nursing workload (NAS) and interventions were collected. AEs were identified by reviewing medical records and observation of medical and nursing professionals, and they were classified according to type and degree of harm as classified by the World Health Organization. Multivariate analyzes were performed with logistic regression to examine whether EAs are independent risk factors for death in the ICU. A second multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to verify what are the risk factors for the occurrence of AEs with high damage (HD). Results: There were 1126 AEs in 81.7% of 202 admissions studied. 1126 AEs occurred in 81.7% of 202 admissions studied. The most common AEs were the categories of clinical process / procedure (54% of AEs), medication (25.8%), nutrition (13.9%), and healthcare-associated infection (5.5%). The occurrence of 4-6 AEs at admission was a risk factor for death in the ICU (OR:18.517; 95%CI:1,043-328,808; P=0.047 ), as well as the occurrence of >= 7 AEs (OR:32.084; 95%CI:1,849-556,684; P=0.017). Regarding the types, the occurrence of AE of clinical process / procedure type was as risk factor for death in the ICU (OR:9.311; 95%CI:1,283-67,556; P=0.027) as well as the occurrence of AE with HD (OR:38.964; 95%CI:5,620-270,151; P < 0.001) . The following risk factors were identified for the occurrence of AEs with HD: mean NAS of 70.1% to 82.3% (OR:6.301; 95%CI:1,164-34,117; P=0.033), mean NAS >= 82.4% (OR:9.068; 95%CI:1,729-47,541; P=0.009), mean SOFA between 4.5 and 6.7 (OR:6.934; 95%CI:1,239 - 38,819; P=0.028), and mean SOFA >= 6,8 (OR:10.293; 95%CI:1,752-60,474; P=0.010). Conclusions: AEs occurred in many studied ICU admissions, and more than half of these events was clinical process / procedure type. About 6% of AEs were considered serious or associated with death of the patient. The occurrence of AEs was a independent risk factor for death, especially the clinical process / procedure type, and AEs with HD. Risk factors for the occurrence of AEs with HD were the nursing workload and the patient severity