Seguro y Responsabilidad Patrimonial de la Administración presenta un detallado estudio del derecho de seguros y de la responsabilidad de la Administración Pública por las acciones y omisiones de funcionarios en la prestación de servicios públicos. Su objetivo es ilustrar cómo el seguro trabaja en el ámbito de la Administración Pública. La tesis se divide en tres partes y combina la exposición con el análisis crítico. En la primera parte, la tesis analiza brevemente el contrato de seguro y proporciona argumentos económicos para defender que el seguro es socialmente más beneficioso en Administraciones Públicas pequeñas que en Administraciones totalmente solventes. En la segunda parte, la tesis doctoral proporciona soluciones a los problemas que surgen entre la Ley de Contrato de Seguro y la regulación de la responsabilidad patrimonial de la Administración Pública. Finalmente, examinamos estas soluciones en un particular contexto: el seguro de responsabilidad civil por mala praxis médica que proporciona protección en el caso de que actos negligentes den lugar a algún daño o lesión a los pacientes en el ámbito de la Administración Pública. / Seguro y Responsabilidad Patrimonial de la Administración presents a detailed examination of the law of insurance and the Liability of Public Administration for the actions and omissions of civil servants in the provision of public services. Its objective is to illustrate how insurance works in the Public Administration. The thesis is divided into three parts and combines exposition with critical analysis. In the first part, the thesis briefly analyzes the insurance contract and provides economic arguments that the insurance is more socially beneficial in small Public Administrations than completely solvent Administrations. In the second section, the doctoral thesis provides solutions to the problems between Spanish law of insurance contracts and the regulation of Liability of Public Administration. Finally, we examine these solutions in a particular context: the medical malpractice liability insurance that provides protection in case of acts of malpractice that result in harm or injury to patients in the Public Administration.

隨著近年醫療糾紛日益增加，民刑事訴訟程序冗長，醫病雙方長時間煎熬，醫病關係日益惡化，導致防禦性醫療盛行。本研究從醫療責任切入，討論醫療爭議及現行處理途徑與方式，現行醫療責任保險之發展，簡介外國醫療責任保險概況。探討我國實施強制醫療責任保險之可能性。 本研究試圖以多階層醫療風險處理模式，以達有效處理醫療糾紛事件之目的。該模式將建立強制醫療責任保險以提供基本補償及簡化賠償機制，推動醫療機構責任保險以行政手段加強民眾保障，限定賠償金額避免高風險急重症專科無人從事，提倡醫師專業責任保險分散風險，引進醫事審議仲裁機制縮短醫療糾紛審查及賠償程序。 期以多面向分層處理醫療糾紛及其賠償問題，建構安全的醫療制度，避免防衛性醫療的盛行及司法資源的浪費。 / With the growing number of medical malpractice cases and the lengthy process of both civil and criminal litigation procedures in recent years, the torture has been agonizing and worsening the relationship between physicians and patients. The very situation results in the prevalence of defensive medical treatment. This research deals with the problem from the viewpoint of medical liability, discusses the current methods of handling medical disputes and explores the development of current medical liability insurance. An overview of the situation in other countries is presented to investigate the possibility of implementing mandatory medical liability insurance in Taiwan. This research attempts to establish a multi-level mode to effectively resolve medical risks. This mode will contribute to a lot of functions including enforcing mandatory medical liability insurance, supporting a fundamental compensation and simplifying the process of damages claiming. Furthermore, the mode will also serve to promote the medical liability insurance of medical institutions and in turn enhance the protection for the common public with administrative measures. In addition, the mode intends to restrict the upper limit of damages in order to remedy the serious phenomenon that no doctors are willing to practice in the high-risk medical departments, which is expected to distribute the medical risk of all the doctors. It will also introduce a medical arbitration mechanism to shorten and accelerate the procedure of medical reviewing and damages claiming in handling medical malpractice cases. We hope, with the establishment of such a multi-level mode, a sound and wholesome medical system can be constructed and the overflowing defensive medical treatment and waste of judicial resources can be avoided.

As a point of departure in this inherently interdisciplinary endeavour, the concept "Holistic Multidisciplinary Management" ("HMM") is introduced a.s a macrocosmic adaption of principles of project management. In line with HMM, a number of submissions regarding terminology and definitions in the interdisciplinary context of medicine (and particularly clinical psychiatry) and law, are made, and the foundations of medical malpractice are examined. Building on the various foundations laid, specific types of conduct that can constitute clinical-psychiatric malpractice, are addressed. A common theme that emerges in the various contexts covered, is that the psychiatrist must negotiate various proverbial tightropes, involving inter alia tensions between restraint and freedom, excessive and insufficient medication, becoming too involved and not being involved enough with clients, as well as client confidentiality and the duty to warn third parties. It is concluded that law and medicine. must work harmoniously together to establish appropriate balance. This can be achieved only if mutual understanding and integrated functioning are promoted and translated into practice. / Law / LL.M.

Using hauntology as a linchpin, this dissertation explores the undertheorized connection between intersex and disability. Building on important feminist research in the fields of intersex, queer, disability, crip, and hauntology studies, I ask, how do we understand and reconcile the contested meanings, responses to, and effects of intersex? Intersex is “a perpetually shifting phantasm” (Holmes 2002: 175), yet intersex is typically represented and treated as innate disorder, disability, or disease by medical professionals. That said, many intersex people appear to distance from disability. By engaging intersex studies with feminist disability and crip theories, however, I demonstrate that an intersex politic and intersex studies must be rooted in a disability politic and disability studies. Through a feminist disability and crip lens, I conduct a textual and critical discourse analysis of three case studies of interphobic violence or, what I term, “compulsory dyadism,” meaning the instituted cultural mandate that people cannot have intersex traits or house the “spectre of intersex” (Sparrow 2013: 29); such a spectre must be exorcised. The three case studies include nonconsensual medical interventions, sport sex testing, and employing reproductive technologies to select against intersex variations. My analyses of these case studies produce three important observations. First, intersex is presently and effectively being integrated into conventional notions of disability; second, ableist logics underpin interphobic violence; and third, compulsory dyadism is intertwined with, or is an iteration of, compulsory able-bodiedness. In recognizing this interconnection, theorizing intersex and disability together is not merely beneficial, doing so is necessary. Ultimately, my dissertation interrogates and extends questions of the ever-shifting categorization of body-minds, culturally mandated ways of being, and (the haunting effects of) pathologization. I apply pressure to the academic field of intersex studies as well as intersex activist and advocate communities to center disability in discussions concerning intersex human rights and interphobia.