It is generally accepted that a business operates more efficiently when it is able to consolidate information from a variety of sources. This principle applies as much in the healthcare environment. Although limited in the South African context, the use of electronic systems to access information is advancing rapidly. Many aspects have to be considered in regards to such a high availability of information, for example, training people how to access and protect information, motivating them to use the systems and information extensively and effectively, ensuring adequate levels of security, confronting ethical issues and maintaining the availability of information at crucial times. This is especially true in the healthcare sector, where access to critical data is often vital. This data must be accessed by different kinds of people with different levels of access. However, accessibility often leads to vulnerabilities. The healthcare sector deals with very sensitive data. People’s medical records need to be kept confidential; hence, security is very important. Information of a very sensitive nature is exposed to human intervention on various levels (e.g. nurses, administrative staff, general practitioners and specialists). In this scenario, it is important for each person to be aware of the requirements in terms of security and privacy, especially from a legal perspective. Because of the large dependence on the human factor in maintaining information security, organisations must employ mechanisms that address this at the staff level. One such mechanism is information security education, training and awareness programmes. As the learner is the recipient of information in such a programme, it is increasingly important that it targets the audience that it is intended for. This will maximize the benefits achieved from such a programme. This can be achieved through following a role-based approach in the design and development of the SETA programme. This research therefore proposes a model for a role-based SETA programme, with the area of application being in the South African healthcare environment.

M.Comm. / Health care is recognised as a basic human right. The current position of private health care in South Africa is of great concern. Not only is health care almost unaffordable but the future quality of health care also causes great concern. With this in mind it is obvious that alternatives to conventional medical aids and health insurance are necessary to guarantee the continued availability of quality medical care to the South African public. Most people would agree that our private sector health care system is characterised by a depressing history of inadequate planning, control and management. It is for this reason that amendments to the Medical Schemes Act were considered necessary. Certain of these amendments will extend the role played by medical schemes in the management of health care resources. This will result in the traditional boundaries and relationships between the public, health professionals and health care facilities, and the financiers in our private health care system being altered. A new philosophy will evolve based on open and participative practices, as well as increased coordination, integration and cooperation (Veliotes et al, 1993: 12). Internationally, the health care objectives of most countries are to provide access to highquality care for all the people, and to provide this care efficiently and effectively. In the last decade the task of achieving these potentially conflicting objectives has become more difficult. At present, private health care is funded by medical schemes, health insurance companies, employers and individuals themselves. Neither medical aids nor health insurance companies are able to contain the rise in health care cost, which has led to the emergence of a new method of finding, namely Managed Health Care (MHC). Health care cost has accelerated at a rate far above the consumer price index(CPI). Rising health care costs in the private sector have been blamed on structural inefficiencies in the medical aid system. While patients have little incentive to minimise care expenditure, providers have an incentive to overuse the system.

M.Com. (Business Management) / It is a well established fact that the majority of South Africans do not have access to health of a satisfactory quality, and that many have almost no effective access to health care at all. Health care in South Africa today can be characterised as being both inequitable and inefficient. It is inequitable as particular groups enjoy privileged access to health care, whereas others do not have any access at all and it is inefficient because of the existence of over treatment in the private sector and fragmentation in the public sector (Picard, 1992:1). In 1987, according to the best calculations available, South Africa spent R9,2 billion on health care. This figure amounted to 5,8 percent of the Gross National Product (GNP) for that year (De Beer & Broornberg, 1990:1). The private sector accounted for 44 percent of expenditure that year, yet supplied health care to 20 percent of the South African population. On the other hand, the remaining 80 percent of the population had to rely on the public sector where just 56 percent of the total expenditure was located (De Beer & Broornberg, 1990:1). It is clear that the pUblic sector is unable to provide adequate health care for 80 percent of the population on the money presently available. This inability to provide services in the public sector has arisen from fragmentation and duplication of facilities, excessively bureaucratic management structures, undue emphasis on expensive curative care, high technology tests and interventions at the expense of providing basic health services. In addition to this, the public sector has been significantly underfunded. This can be supported by the above figures that show that 3,3 percent of the GNP is spent on public sector health care and this figure is well below the 5 percent target set by the World Health Organisation as a minimum standard ,(De Beer & Broomberg, 1990:1).

Dissertation in partial compliance with the requirements for a Master's Degree in Technology: Chiropractic, in the Department of Chiropractic, Durban University of Technology, 2010. / Background: Chiropractic in South Africa seems to be gaining acceptance by medicine with increased recognition from the private healthcare sector. This trend is reflected by the recognition of private healthcare providers of chiropractic services. Integration would accelerate the growth of the chiropractic profession in this country. It is therefore important to understand how chiropractic is currently perceived with respect to integration into the KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) healthcare system. As well as to determine factors perceived to facilitate or hinder this integration. Objectives: To explore and describe the perceptions of selected stakeholders about the integration of the chiropractic profession into the KZN healthcare system. Method: The sample included ten selected stakeholders within the KZN healthcare sector. Each participant participated in a semi-structured interview. Questions included participants‟ experience of chiropractic, the role and scope of chiropractic practice, and key developmental issues affecting integration. Interviews were captured on a digital voice recorder and transcribed into text. Data was analysed by the use of NVivo software (NVivo 8, developed and designed in Australia, copyright 2008 QSR International Pty Ltd. ABN 47 006 357 213). Results: The majority of participants (n = 7) had a positive experience of chiropractic, but few (n= 2) recognised the diagnostic role of chiropractic. All participants, except two doctors, believed that integrating chiropractic into the public healthcare system would benefit the healthcare fraternity, the chiropractic profession and patients. However, hindering factors perceived by the participants included: chiropractors practicing non-evidence based techniques; chiropractic being registered with a different council and being taught at a different institution to conventional medical professionals; and most importantly a lack of knowledge of the profession. Facilitating factors were III perceived to be: increased education of stakeholders about chiropractic; improved communication between chiropractors and medical doctors; improved marketing strategy; and lastly improved patient management. Conclusions: A positive experience of chiropractic is directly affected by a positive exposure to the profession. The profession itself is responsible for dispelling some of the confusion it has created, by collectively practicing evidence based medicine, and marketing a united message to stakeholders.

Dissertation in partial compliance with the requirements for a Master's Degree in Technology: Chiropractic, in the Department of Chiropractic, Durban University of Technology, 2010. / Background: Chiropractic in South Africa seems to be gaining acceptance by medicine with increased recognition from the private healthcare sector. This trend is reflected by the recognition of private healthcare providers of chiropractic services. Integration would accelerate the growth of the chiropractic profession in this country. It is therefore important to understand how chiropractic is currently perceived with respect to integration into the KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) healthcare system. As well as to determine factors perceived to facilitate or hinder this integration. Objectives: To explore and describe the perceptions of selected stakeholders about the integration of the chiropractic profession into the KZN healthcare system. Method: The sample included ten selected stakeholders within the KZN healthcare sector. Each participant participated in a semi-structured interview. Questions included participants‟ experience of chiropractic, the role and scope of chiropractic practice, and key developmental issues affecting integration. Interviews were captured on a digital voice recorder and transcribed into text. Data was analysed by the use of NVivo software (NVivo 8, developed and designed in Australia, copyright 2008 QSR International Pty Ltd. ABN 47 006 357 213). Results: The majority of participants (n = 7) had a positive experience of chiropractic, but few (n= 2) recognised the diagnostic role of chiropractic. All participants, except two doctors, believed that integrating chiropractic into the public healthcare system would benefit the healthcare fraternity, the chiropractic profession and patients. However, hindering factors perceived by the participants included: chiropractors practicing non-evidence based techniques; chiropractic being registered with a different council and being taught at a different institution to conventional medical professionals; and most importantly a lack of knowledge of the profession. Facilitating factors were III perceived to be: increased education of stakeholders about chiropractic; improved communication between chiropractors and medical doctors; improved marketing strategy; and lastly improved patient management. Conclusions: A positive experience of chiropractic is directly affected by a positive exposure to the profession. The profession itself is responsible for dispelling some of the confusion it has created, by collectively practicing evidence based medicine, and marketing a united message to stakeholders. / M

M.Com. (Economics) / Access to health care is a basic human right in South Africa. Primary health care is viewed by the South African government as the means to improving access to health care in the country. The concept of primary health care is based on the importance of first contact with a primary health worker. The Department of Health introduced free primary health care because it believes that the most significant barrier to access to health care is poverty. When a service is provided for free there is no income generated from user fees and the issue of funding becomes very important. This study performs an analysis of the free primary health care programme in South Africa and how it is financed. An important feature that characterizes South Africa is high inequality which is reflected in the high level ofpreventable diseases as well as high incidents of chronic diseases. The implementation of free primary health care has led to improved access to health care and somewhat improved the health status of the South African population. In order to address the inequalities in the health sector there must be funding targeted towards the needs of the poor. Government's fiscal policy places limits on the expansion of public expenditure, which poses a strain on resources flowing to the health sector. In addition to that there has not been a significant shift of funds from higher levels of care to primary health care. The funding issue will need to be urgently resolved for primary health care to be sustainable...

A research report submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Psychological Research in the Faculty of Humanities, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2017. / Mental ill-health constitutes a substantial burden of disease worldwide, representing more than the burden of disease caused by all cancers combined. However, the provision of mental health care remains inadequate around the world. To address the shortages in mental health care expenditures, the WHO-HEN (2003) proposed treatment priorities and policy goals in different contexts, based on their financial resources. This study investigates the state of mental health treatment provision in high-, middle-, low-income and the South African contexts, in order to assess the efforts that have been made in these contexts to counter the shortages in mental health care provision, and to promote public mental health, following the WHO-HEN (2003) suggestions. This study uses the mixed methods approach to review literature published between 2004 and 2016 within the AJCP, AJP, CMHJ, SAJPs and SAJP. The findings reveal that treatment trends across contexts align with, and extend beyond the WHO-HEN (2003) suggestions in most cases, and that the balanced care approach is progressively being implemented in the delivery of integrated mental health services in highincome countries and South Africa specifically. These results prove that efforts are being made across contexts to provide effective mental health care, and to ensure the promotion of mental health and prevention of mental disorders. / XL2018

Thesis (M.Med.(Community Health))--University of Pretoria, 2004. / Summary in English and Afrikaans. Includes bibliographical references ( leaves 102-113). Also available online.

Thesis (MA (History))--University of Stellenbosch, 1988. / Die doel met hierdie studie is tweeledig. Eerstens word gepoog om die Kaapse burgermag-mediese eenhede se rol binne die verdedigingstelsels waarvan hulle op sekere stadia van hul bestaan deel was te ondersoek, hetsy as deel van die Kaapse Koloniale Magte vir die tydperk 1889 - 1913 of as deel van die burgermag-element van die Unieverdedigingsmag, 1913 - 1939. Tweedens word hierdie eenhede se ontwikkelingsgang nagegaan : van die stigting van die Volunteer Medical Staff Corps (VMSC) in 1889 af tot met die uitbreek van die Tweede Wêreldoorlog in 1939. As 'n titel vir hierdie onderwerp is besluit op Die Geskiedenis van die Kaapse Burgermag-mediese eenhede, 1889 - 1939. Die rede daarvoor is dat dit die hele tydperk onder bespreking volledig omskryf die aanloop tot die stigting van die VMSC, sy stigting in 1889, sy rol as 'n vrywilligereenheid, sy omskakeling na twee burgermag-mediese eenhede in 1913 asook hul rol en ontwikkeling in daardie verband tot met die uitbreek van die Tweede Wêreldoorlog in 1939. Aangesien hierdie tydperk van vyftig jaar 'n duidelike beeld rakende hierdie eenhede se rol en ontwikkeling gee, het die keuse daarom geval op 1889 en 1939 as onderskeidelik die begin- en einddatum vir hierdie onderwerp. Met die uitbreek van die Tweede Wêreldoorlog in 1939 het daar in die Kaapprovinsie twee burgermag-mediese eenhede binne die Unieverdedigingsmag gefunksioneer, naamlik 2 Veldambulans en 3 Veldambulans. Beide kan egter hul ontstaansgeskiedenis terugvoer na 21 Oktober 1889, toe. soos hierbo aangedui, die VMSC as die eerste selfstandige mediese eenheid in die Kaapkolonie gestig is. Met sy stigting het die eenheid uit twee kompanies bestaan. te wete A-kompanie en B-kompanie wat onderskeidelik in King William's Town en Kaapstad gesetel was. Daarna het die VMSC by twee verdere geleenthede naamsveranderinge ondergaan. In 1889 is sy naam na die Cape Medical Staff Corps (CMSC) verander en van 1903 af het dit as die Cape Medical Corps (CMC) bekend gestaan. Met die totstandkoming van die Suid-Afrikaanse Geneeskundige Diens (SAGD) in 1913, is die twee kompanies in twee afsonderlike burgermag-mediese eenhede omgeskakel en in die SAGD opgeneem. Dit het eweneens 'n naamsverandering tot gevolg gehad. A-kompanie sou voortaan as 1 Berede Brigade Veldambulans (1 BBVA) bekend staan terwy1 B-kompanie tot No. 1 Kompanie herdoop is. tn 1935 het die twee eenhede weer eens 'n naamsverandering ondergaan toe 1 BBVA tot 2 Veldambulans en No. 1 Kompanie tot 3 Veldambulans herdoop is. Die doel van hierdie studie in ag genome, word die rol en ontwikkeling van hierdie eenhede oor die tydperk van vyftig jaar bespreek. In die eerste hoofstuk word daar, as inleiding, kortliks verwys na die onderskeie militê re organisasies in die Kaapkolonie gedurende die neëntiende eeu waarvan die vrywilliger-mag een was. Daar het egter 'n behoefte bestaan aan voldoende mediese steun vir sy lede waaruit voortgevloei het die stigting van die St John's Ambulance Association en die ambulansafdeling van die King William's Town Volunteer Artillery om hierdie leemte te vul. Vervolgens word gekonsentreer op die stigtingsproses van die VMSC in 1889 asook die groei en ontwikkeling van die eenheid in die jare onmiddellik daarna...

M.A. (Public Management and Governance) / The study deals with the nature and problems of the proposed National Health Insurance system in South Africa in order to develop a management and governance model to promote universal healthcare in South Africa. The general aim of the study is, therefore, to analyse the concepts and policy initiatives related to the resolution on the National Health Insurance (NHI) scheme being passed at the ANC’s 52nd National Conference in Polokwane in 2009. Calls for a NHI together with relevant legislation and programmes, have consistently formed an integral part of Government’s national effort to build a united national health system in which the public health sector plays a dominant role as provider of first choice. The proposed NHI is a state-mandated and state-administered health insurance scheme that provides universal and comprehensive cover to all South Africans in spite of their financial status. In essence therefore, the vision of the NHI system is to be inclusive of the unemployed and the indigent who will also be afforded the opportunity to receive healthcare which is on par with everyone else’s and not based on what they can or cannot afford. This enquiry is premised on the variables that have influenced the development of South Africa’s healthcare system, the implementation challenges of the proposed NHI, according to the National Health Insurance Policy Paper of 2011, and the lessons that South Africa can derive from the implementation of the national health insurance schemes of Brazil and Ghana. The dissertation concludes that there are certain challenges in the current NHI debate in terms of the lack of technical details on the proposed NHI system, a lack of transparency in terms of the process, as well as problems related to the exclusion of the main stakeholders in the public and private health sector.