This research utilized heuristic methodology to explore how the art process can facilitate resilient traits in the lived experience of a developing art therapist with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, and Anxiety. The protocol followed was based on the Moustakas model of heuristic research and followed the six steps in heuristic methodology. The Moustakas method of study was implemented to show how the nature of this study and the art process revealed the lived experience of the difficulties of adolescence. The art created during the immersion phase revealed the following six themes; (1) Conflict/Duality and conflicting relationships, (2) The notion of a central figure, (3) Framing/Blurring, (4) Progressive intricacy, (5) Identity/Lack of Identity, (6) Growth, Healing, and Resiliency. The art process was very effective in illuminating how resiliency was a part of the adolescent experience and assisted in assuring completion of the adolescent developmental process. It is evident that resiliency plays in important role throughout the process assisting with the navigation of the adolescent experience. The intentions of this study were to examine, reflect and explore the lived experiences of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and Anxiety. The data exemplifies that even with expendable resources, supportive measures, and a loving, caring and supportive family the diagnosed adolescent can still be significantly affected. The results indicate an importance for further utilizing the art process in order to better understand and inherently inform the art therapist of the lived experiences and implications of resiliency on an adolescent living with mental illnesses. For youth at risk the resilience process is an important protective factor to be embraced, fostered, and promoted by individuals surrounding the adolescent.

This research is an archival case study examining Helen B. Landgarten’s art therapy practice as observed in a videotaped, early stage, art therapy session with a child with elective mutism. This art therapy session is transcribed, analyzed, and given context by research questions drawn from Landgarten’s 32 journal articles published between 1973 and 2001. These journal articles are chronologically presented in the literature review in a manner resembling an annotative bibliography, familiarizing the reader with Landgarten’s writings and art therapy practice as she progressed through stages in her professional life.

The objective of this project was to examine if art therapist utilize art making in their own professional and personal processing and if so could it feedback into their resiliency as art therapists. Another aim was to give graduate students the opportunity to voice their joys, fears and doubts regarding entering the field of Clinical Art Therapy. Finally, it was also a desire that the research aid in understanding what students need in support of enhancing, expanding and/or maintaining self-care practices while developing their clinician identities. A qualitative method was applied. The subjects for this research consisted of art therapy second year students from the 2010-2012 art therapy cohorts. An email was sent to approximately twenty-three students and produced a very small pool of volunteers; four participants. The participants were asked to answer an open-ended questionnaire and to create an art response on the subject. The art work served as a visual exploration of how art making as a form of self-care has impacted their professional journey into the world of clinical work. The answers to the questionnaires and the visual data were compared. Themes were developed and connections to emergent themes examined. The themes which emerged from both the questionnaire and art processes combined were balance, hope and self-integration. Although a very small study, the significance of this research is the understanding that therapists struggle to find professional and personal balance, the art making process has the potential to foster hope in the art therapeutic processes, to foster hope in self as a facilitator of change and solidifies the notion that art making as an on-going self-care practice has the potential to feedback into the art therapists resiliency development.

This study explores the process by which emotionally disturbed children attach to a new therapist during the first stage of art therapy. Observations center on the ability of artistic metaphor and visual communication to illuminate attachment strategy. Research, in case study format, focuses on two students at the Kayne Eras Center Non Public School. Participants were a 15 year old African American boy and an 8 year old African American girl. Data, consisting of detailed process notes and art products, was analyzed through the application of three research questions; 1. How does artistic metaphor inform the understanding of a child’s inner world, particularly in regard to attachment? 2. Is there a variance between information gleaned from a single, initial art piece, opposed to a body of work, created over time, in regards to attachment? 3. Are attachment strategies conveyed visually, (through art) in the same way they are conveyed verbally or behaviorally? This study found that content of artistic metaphor correlates to existing literature on attachment strategy, thereby substantiating potential for undirected art products to act as assessments of attachment. Additional information was observed concerning subcategories of attachment strategy, trigger patterns of approach and retreat response, internal working models and general coping skills. The congruence of visual, verbal and behavioral communication was found to be dependent on stress levels and the directive structure of therapy. Visual communications frequently served to illuminate internal emotional states. Overall communicative patterns, regarding attachment, were observed in relation to self-protective strategies.

As The United States population becomes more and more diverse, it is inevitable that clinicians will come across clients from a different culture. In this case study the researcher explores how cultural similarities and differences between the client and therapist affect the therapeutic relationship and clinical process. This is done by gathering data from 21 clinical sessions between the therapist who is Asian American and the client who is Samoan American. The result of this study shows that the client and therapist’s cultural similarities does not aid in the therapeutic alliance but the therapist’s racial visibility leads to a magnified projective identification from the client, which sets the course of their relationship. The art is used as a tool to diffuse the tension caused by the cultural proximity in the relationship and provides safety for the client to express himself rather than healing through the relationship with the therapist.

The purpose of this study was to explore existential group art therapy (EGAT) as an alternate or integrated method in treating clients with substance abuse and a history of trauma. Subjects for this study were male and/or female adults, ages 18 and older, volunteer participants who were in treatment for substance addiction at Tarzana Treatment Centers. A group of seven participants who met the criteria for both substance abuse and history of trauma received Existential Group Art Therapy (EGAT) treatment for eight consecutive weeks. Participants were asked to fill out the Scale for Existential Thinking (SET) at the start of the group and at the end of the treatment process to determine whether or not there was an increase in “existential thinking” following eight weeks of EGAT. The group engaged in the art-making process and discussion of their artwork each week, and were asked to answer Post Group Survey Questions (PGSQ) after the termination of the group. This study details four of the seven participants since they attended most consistently and were deeply engaged in the process. The statistical significance of the observed results was measured using a paired two sample for means T-test (one-tailed). Changes in SET scores were deemed to be statistically significant with a result of p

College student-athletes are having an increasingly amount of mental health concerns recently at an alarming rate. Therefore, researchers should attempt to better understand how student-athletes can cope with their mental health problems to improve their mental and physical well-being. The researcher administered a questionnaire to 300 college students, 150 student-athletes and 150 non-athletes from the University of the Pacific using various modified scales examining emotional intelligence, depression, anxiety, coping strategies, intentions to seek help, self-stigma, public stigma, social network stigma, alcohol consumption, sleep deprivation, and communication competence. The data were analyzed to determine the severity of student-athletes’ mental health and the effect emotional intelligence, perceived stigmas, intention to seek help, and communication competence has on their depression and anxiety compared to their non-athlete counterparts. Emotional intelligence has a significant positive relationship with depression, anxiety, and intention to seek help. Therapy has a significant positive relationship in reducing anxiety and depression symptoms as well. Communication competence also has a significant positive relationship with intention to seek help. In addition, the correlation analysis found a significant positive relationship between low emotional intelligence and negative coping strategies such as substance abuse, self-blame, and denial. These results suggests that a student-athlete’s ability to engage in high levels of communication competence and openly share concerns about their depression and anxiety can contribute to important relationships between emotional intelligence, therapy, and intentions to seek help to reduce these mental health problems. This study also determines that open communication about depression and anxiety can decrease engaging in negative coping strategies and the perceived stigmas that surrounds mental health.

Training delivered to medical students and residents in behavioral health is widely acknowledged to be inadequate. While the use of standardized patients is common in medical training and education for physical health conditions via the adherence to clinical protocols for evaluation and treatment, this approach is infrequently used for behavioral health conditions. Used under specific circumstances, standardized patient encounters have long been considered a reliable method of training and assessing trainee performance on addressing physical health conditions, and are even comparable to ratings of directly observed encounters with real patients. This paper discusses common issues and challenges that arise in using standardized patients in behavioral health. Although current evidence of its value is modest and challenges in implementation exist, the use of standardized patients holds promise for medical training and education and as an evaluation tool in behavioral health.

This qualitative study examined the viability of traditional stories in substance abuse treatment. The subjects for this study were young women ages 18-30 who were in substance abuse treatment in a small, rural, health department. During the 4-week study, 4 traditional stories were used in group sessions that gave the women a common reference point and a common language to frame discussions. Using story in the IOP sessions helped to create a safe, supportive environment as well as creating an opening for discussions about trauma and abuse, and other significant issues. Principles of 12 Step Recovery were woven into the discussion to help the participants deal with and reframe their experiences.

Binge drinking (BD) entails excessive alcohol intake in a short time period. Despite numerous negative outcomes associated with BD and efforts to curtail it, rates remain steady. Thus, it is important to identify "who" binge drinks and "why" it occurs. Drawing from past research, I sought to replicate the link between trait narcissism and BD; moreover, I examined if overconfidence and confidence-based risk-taking assessed via the Georgia Gambling Task (GGT), explained why they did so. The results generally supported my hypotheses. As expected, narcissism related to poor GGT performance and high levels of BD; likewise, poor GGT performance related to BD. GGT performance accounted for (i.e., mediated) the narcissism-to-BD relation, but only partially, in subsequent regression analyses. In the discussion I focus on the social and clinical relevance of these findings especially for university interventions, parents, and therapists. I also discuss avenues for future research including other potential mediators.